High strength nitrogen removal from nightsoil and piggery wastes

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Choi ◽  
Y. Eum ◽  
K.-I. Gil ◽  
S.-W. Oa
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loads ◽  
Reactor Temperature ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Nightsoil and piggery wastes generally present high strength organics and nitrogen. This study evaluated the nitrogen removal characteristics with the existing and modified nightsoil and piggery waste treatment plants. The existing conventional plants showed 20 to 40% nitrogen removal, but the modification with SBR or MLE process could remove effectively both nitrogen and organics with the minimum COD/TN and alkalinity/TN ratios of 6 and 3.6, respectively. Nitrite nitrification and denitrification rates obtainable at higher nitrogen loads were faster than the rates of nitrate nitrification and denitrification resulting in less reactor volume requirement. However, the higher nitrogen loads increased the organic loads resulting in the reactor temperature inhibiting nitrification. Thus, a combined treatment with anaerobic digestion with the adjustment of influent bypass rates was proposed to reduce the reactor temperature and the external carbon requirement. The biological treatment could discharge about 1,100 mg/L soluble COD and 50 mg/L soluble nitrogen, respectively.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Digestion for Producing Renewable Energy—The Evolution of This Technology in a New Uncertain Scenario

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Cristián Arenas Sevillano ◽  
Alby Aguilar Pesantes ◽  
Elizabeth Peña Carpio ◽  
Elia J. Martínez ◽  
Xiomar Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Green Chemicals ◽  
By Products

Anaerobic digestion is a well-known technology with wide application in the treatment of high-strength organic wastes. The economic feasibility of this type of installation is usually attained thanks to the availability of fiscal incentives. In this review, an analysis of the different factors associated with this biological treatment and a description of alternatives available in literature for increasing performance of the process were provided. The possible integration of this process into a biorefinery as a way for producing energy and chemical products from the conversion of wastes and biomass also analyzed. The future outlook of anaerobic digestion will be closely linked to circular economy principles. Therefore, this technology should be properly integrated into any production system where energy can be recovered from organics. Digestion can play a major role in any transformation process where by-products need further stabilization or it can be the central core of any waste treatment process, modifying the current scheme by a concatenation of several activities with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the conversion. Thus, current plants dedicated to the treatment of wastewaters, animal manures, or food wastes can become specialized centers for producing bio-energy and green chemicals. However, high installation costs, feedstock dispersion and market distortions were recognized as the main parameters negatively affecting these alternatives.

Research on Nitrogen Removal Performance of Leachate Treatment of WSIP Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Xiu Ju Duan ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Ya Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Biomass Retention ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

This thesis put forward the treatment concept of “without Biomass Retention Sequential Batch Intensified Pretreatment (WSIP)” in leachate treatment, for sake of improving performance of nitrogen removal, optimizing excess water’s nutritional ratio and benefitting the follow-up aerobic biological treatment. Based on orthogonal experiment of WSIP Reactor’s leachate treatment performance, Conclusions can be drew: the removal performance of ammonia nitrogen and TN is higher of WSIP, in which short-cut nitrification and denitrification can be realized; HRT, DO and sequential period are remarkable factors of ammonia removal performance, TN removal performance and realization of short-cut nitrification and denitrification; In normal temperature, the most perfect functional parameter of WSIP Reactor is: HRT=4d, DO=0.75mg/L and sequential period is 6h.

Optimization of nitrogen removal from piggery waste by nitrite nitrification

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Eum ◽  
E. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Loads ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Waste Characteristics ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

The piggery waste characteristics greatly vary with types of manure collections and the amount of water used. If solids are separated well, the waste strength will be greatly reduced resulting in lower TCOD/TKN ratio of 4 (average). If solids are separated by a mechanical scraper, some solids will remain and the waste strength will be increased with a TCOD/TKN ratio of 7. This study was conducted to find an optimum operating condition for nitrogen removal with these two ratios. Nitrite nitrification was targeted because it could be a short cut process for savings in oxygen for nitrification and carbon requirements for denitrification. The study results indicated that nitrogen loading rate and pH were the most important factors to be considered for stable nitrite nitrification. The applicable nitrogen loads were estimated to be 0.3 to 2.0 kgTKN/oxic m3/d for high TCOD/TKN ratio without pH control. With higher pH > 8, NO2N/NOxN ratios in oxic stages even with lower nitrogen loads were increased. The SBR with low TCOD/TKN ratio less than 4 required additional alkalinity. For a complete denitrification, the influent TCOD/TKN ratio must exceed 6 with oxic/total reactor volume ratio of 0.5. Nitrite nitrification and denitrification could save about 35% in tank volume and 50% in carbon requirement, respectively. However, 9.5% oxygen saving could be expected during the operation with low TCOD/TKN ratio. The elevated temperature due to the heat released from COD removal also enhanced microbial activities for nitrification and denitrification as well as ammonia stripping. However, careful attention must be provided for the reactor temperature not to inhibit the nitrification process.

Combined treatment of landfill leachate and domestic sewage in a sequencing batch reactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diamadopoulos ◽  
P. Samaras ◽  
X. Dabou ◽  
G. P. Sakellaropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Activated Sludge Reactor ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

A study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of biologically treating a combined waste stream of landfill leachate and municipal sewage. The ratio of sewage to leachate was 9 to 1 by volume. The combined waste had an average BOD5 430 mg/l, COD 1090 mg/l, and TKN 133 mg/l (80% of which was in the form of ammonia). A laboratory-scale sequencing batch activated sludge reactor was used to carry comparative performance evaluations of biological treatment, including nitrification and denitrification. The SBR reactor was operating in daily time cycles employing the following sequential operation phases: filling phase, anoxic phase, aeration reaction phase, settling phase, and drain phase. In particular, the anoxic and aeration periods were tailored in order to develop conditions conducive to desired nitrification and denitrification. During the reaction period, the process was operated under an extended aeration mode with the MLSS concentration being around 3500 mg/l. The results indicated that successful biotreatment of combined leachate and sewage was possible, with the treated effluent being low in BOD5 and COD. The system was capable of BOD5 removal efficiencies exceeding 95%. Furthermore, nitrate removal during the anoxic phase was approximately 99% due to denitrification. However, the overall nitrogen removal during a full cycle was about 50%. The inclusion of an anoxic period right after the aeration phase enhanced the nitrogen removal efficiency, yet this phase required the addition of an external carbon source to the reactor due to the low concentration of biodegradable carbon, and at the same time the process became less efficient in BOD removal.

scholarly journals Process Optimisation of Anaerobic Digestion Treating High-Strength Wastewater in the Australian Red Meat Processing Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7947
Author(s):  
Peter W. Harris ◽  
Bernadette K. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Trace Element Composition ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Anaerobic Lagoon

This work represents and reviews a compilation of investigations into improving anaerobic digestion performance of high-strength wastewater in the Australian Red Meat Processing industry. The industry produces significant quantities of organic-rich wastewater which requires treatment prior to release to the environment. Anaerobic lagoons are a cost-effective method of waste treatment where land availability is not an issue; however, the high fat load in the wastewater can negatively impact the anaerobic lagoon system and result in compromised anaerobic digestion performance. This paper will discuss the importance of upstream primary pre-treatment and review a series of investigations focused on optimising digester performance and improving fat biodegradability. These studies include: 1. the effect of temperature and mixing; 2. the influence of feedstock trace element composition and supplementation, and; 3. the potential benefit from pre-treatments such as chemical, thermobaric, thermochemical and bio-surfactant. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for covered anaerobic lagoon operation and provides recommendations to promote optimum digester performance and future opportunities in adopting alternate anaerobic digestion technology options. Finally, the paper provides recent trends toward the use of other waste streams for co-digestion and discusses this in terms of digester optimization and technology options.

Night Soil Treatment by the Nitrified Liquor Recycling Process

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Suzuki ◽  
Y. Tohya
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Plant Uses ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Hiroshima City

In recent years, most night soil treatment plants constructed in Japan have the function of nitrogen removal. This report describes three representative night soil treatment plants adopted for a nitrified liquor recycling process (we call this the Denipac process) constructed in the second half of the 1970's. The Matsue City plant uses coagulation to remove phosphorus and color in addition to BOD and nitrogen. The removal of both BOD and phosphorus is nearly 100%. Inorganic nitrogen and color of the effluent are under 6 mgl−1 and 60 units, respectively. The Shiroishi City plant which was reconstructed from an anaerobic digestion system removes over 95% of BOD and inorganic nitrogen without any use of chemicals. At the Hiroshima City plant, night soil is evaporated by multiple effect evaporation, and condensate is treated by the nitrified liquor recycling process. The temperature of mixed liquor is controlled to about 40°C by adding sea water to lower the temperature (over 55°C) of the condensate before the biological treatment step. Nitrogen oxides in nitrified liquor consist almost entirely of nitrite because of controlling the temperature. The removal of BOD and total nitrogen is over 99% in this plant.

scholarly journals ASSESMENT OF NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION RATE IN BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATER

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giedrė Vabolienė ◽  
Algirdas Bronislovas Matuzevičius
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Removal Technologies ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater is based on nitrification and denitrification processes in biological treatment plants with activated sludge. Slowed growth of nitrification bacteria is one of basic problems in biological nitrogen removal from wasterwater. Using biological nitrogen removal technologies at changing nitrification and denitrification rate, it is very important to evaluate properly aeration and reduced aeration duration and to estimate nitrification and denitrification rate. To this purpose an investigation was carried out at Utena Wastewater Treatment Plant. Nitrification and denitrification rate was estimated during five experiments in aeration tanks when the duration of aeration and reduced aeration was from 120 to 180 min. Nitrification and denitrification rate at a different aeration regime and impact of aeration regime on biological nitrogen removal was estimated in the work.

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