The removal and degradation of pharmaceutical compounds during membrane bioreactor treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fr. Schröder ◽  
J. L. Tambosi ◽  
R. F. Sena ◽  
R. F. P. M. Moreira ◽  
H. J. José ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Pharmaceutical compounds such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics have been detected in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents, surface and ground water and even in drinking water all over the world, and therefore have developed as compounds of concern. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment has gained significant popularity as an advanced wastewater treatment technology and might be effective for an advanced removal of these pollutants. This paper evaluates the treatment of wastewater containing three NSAIDs (acetaminophen, ketoprofen and naproxen) and three antibiotics (roxithromycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) performed in two MBRs with sludge retention times (SRTs) of 15 (MBR-15) and 30 (MBR-30) days over a period of four weeks. It was observed that NSAIDs were removed with higher efficiencies than the antibiotics for both MBRs, and the MBR-30 presented higher removal efficiencies for all the compounds than obtained by MBR-15. Removal rates ranged from 55% (sulfamethoxazole) up to 100% (acetaminophen, ketoprofen). Besides mineralisation biological transformation products of ketoprofen and naproxen produced by wastewater biocoenosis were identified in both MBR permeates using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results indicated the importance of investigating the environmental fate of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products reaching the environment.

Minimising Nuisances by Covering Compact Sewage Treatment Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rogalla ◽  
G. Roudon ◽  
J. Sibony ◽  
F. Blondeau
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants

Stringent effluent quality programs to limit wastewater discharges into receiving waters require extensive upgrading of conventional wastewater treatment plants. Large facilities built some decades ago are now often located in densely urbanised areas where land is unavailable. Since nitrogen and phophorus removal often require additional unit processes, innovative solutions have to be found to upgrade existing plants for nutrient removal. This paper shows large scale examples of compact technology and the additional upgrading flexibility provided. New facilities are implemented in sensitive neighborhoods by creative siting under sports stadiums, parks or buildings. In covered plants, air emission control becomes of primary importance. To reduce visual impacts and facilitate odour control, more and more underground treatment plants are constructed, allowing multiple use of plant surfaces. Several plants are illustrated in inner-city locations, avoiding infrastructure cost to pump sewage to remote sites. Most of the presented plants incorporate spacesaving settling facilities and high rate biological reactors to reduce the ‘footprints' of the installations and thus favour coverage. Parallel plates in primary setllers reduce the surface to about one tenth of conventional systems. Biocarbone aerated filters combine biodegradation with very high removal rates and retention of particles in one reactor, without additional clarification or filtration. Air treatment for large plant is mostly performed by chemical scrubbing, completely eliminating environmental nuisances. Performance results of both air and water treatment technology are given. Examples include recent sewage treatment plants on the French Mediterranean Coast. A physico-chemical treatment plant for 1 Million p.e. has operated since 1987 under a stadium in Marseille. In Monaco, the sewage treatment plant for 100 000 p.e.is located in the city center underneath a building of 3000 m2. Primary lamella settlers are followed by biological treatment on Biocarbone aerated filters and air is chemically deodourised. Similar technology is used in Antibes' 200 000 p.e. plant, integrated underneath a park close to the beach.

scholarly journals Cod Fractions - Methods of Measurement and Use in Wastewater Treatment Technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Myszograj ◽  
Ewelina Płuciennik-Koropczuk ◽  
Anita Jakubaszek
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Real Concentration ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Methods Of Measurement ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Abstract The paper presents the results of studies concerning the designation of COD fraction in raw wastewater. The research was conducted in four municipal mechanical-biological sewage treatment plants and one industrial sewage treatment plant. The following fractions of COD were determined: non-biodegradable (inert) soluble SI, biodegradable soluble fraction SS, particulate slowly degradable XS and particulate non-biodegradable XI. The methodology for determining the COD fraction was based on the ATV-A131 guidelines and Łomotowski-Szpindor methodology. The real concentration of fractions in raw wastewater and the percentage of each fraction in total COD are different from data reported in the literature.

Protecting aquatic organisms from chemicals: the harsh realities

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1904) ◽  
pp. 3877-3894 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Sumpter
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Freshwater Organisms

Tens of thousands of man-made chemicals are in everyday use in developed countries. A high proportion of these, or their transformation products, probably reach the aquatic environment. A considerable amount is known about the environmental concentrations of some of these chemicals (such as metals), especially the regulated ones, but little or nothing is known about the majority. In densely populated countries, most or all rivers will receive both diffuse (e.g. agricultural runoff) and point source (e.g. sewage treatment plant effluent) inputs, and hence be contaminated with complex, ill-defined mixtures of chemicals. Most freshwater organisms will be exposed, to varying degrees, to this contamination. The number of species exposed is in the thousands, and quite possibly tens of thousands. Little is known about whether or not these species are adversely affected by the chemicals present in their environment. Often it is not even known what species are present, let alone whether they are affected by the chemicals present. In a few high-profile cases (e.g. tributyl tin causing imposex in molluscs and oestrogens ‘feminizing’ male fish), chemicals have undoubtedly adversely affected aquatic species, occasionally leading to population crashes. Whether or not other chemicals are affecting less visible species (such as most invertebrates) is largely unknown. It is possible that only very few chemicals in the freshwater environment are adversely affecting wildlife, but it is equally possible that some effects of chemicals are, as yet, undiscovered (and may remain so). Nor it is clear which chemicals may pose the greatest risk to aquatic organisms. All these uncertainties leave much to chance, yet designing a regulatory system that would better protect aquatic organisms from chemicals is difficult. A more flexible and intelligent strategy may improve the current situation. Finally, the risk due to chemicals is put into context with the many other threats, such as alien species and new diseases that undoubtedly can pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems.

Study on the membrane bioreactor for treating surfactant wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilin Ran ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Pei Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Start Up

Abstract The main component of surfactant is linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), which is toxic to the ecological environment and can cause serious harm. In this study, some activated sludge was taken from the aerobic and anaerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant in Shenzhen, then cultivated and domesticated in a membrane bioreactor with artificial surfactant wastewater. The start-up phase of the reactor adapted the constant-flux filtration, and the HRT was 12 h. The pH was below 5.5, which needed the addition of NaHCO3 after 6 days to adjust to the more optimal level (pH 6.5–7.5). After operation for 20 days, the start-up of the system was considered successful. At the early stage, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and LAS were relatively stable, reaching as high as 85.49%–93.31% and 80%, respectively. When the LAS concentration reached over 175 mg/L and the COD declined to about 83%, the removal rate of LAS also significantly decreased. LAS removal rate further decreased to about 60% when the dosage reached 200 mg/L, indicating that the resistance of microorganisms against LAS toxicity was also limited. LAS degradation could have been mainly driven by Dechloromonas, Gemmata, Pseudomonas and Zoogloea in the system.

scholarly journals Carbon emission assessment of wastewater treatment plant based on accounting perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 04049
Author(s):  
Lin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Ecological Treatment ◽  
Operation Control ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Excessive GHG emissions from human activities lead to climate warming, and sewage treatment plants are one of the sources of GHG emissions. The number of sewage treatment plants in my country is increasing year by year, and they emit a large amount of GHG, it is necessary to evaluate their emissions and seek ways to reduce emissions. According to the “Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol-Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standards”, taking a sewage treatment plant in a northern city as an example, the GHG emission classification of its operation control range, selection of evaluation methods and emission factors, assessment of GHG emissions, analysis of GHG emissions Constitution, propose ecological treatment technology, recycling CH4 and other emission reduction measures.

Study on Pollution Level, Distribution and Sources of Polychlorinated Naphthalene in River Sediments

2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 689-694
Author(s):  
Ru Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Polychlorinated Naphthalenes ◽  
Polychlorinated Naphthalene

Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCNs) is similar structure and toxicity of dioxin (PCDD/Fs), it can be detected in the global environmental and biological samples. This paper introduces the main source of PCNs in the environment and environmental fate, sludge PCNs pollution level in 1.48~28.21 ng/g (dry weight), PCN-TEQs content is in 0.11~2.45 pg/g (dry weight), far below the content of other areas in foreign countries. The results showed that the sources of wastewater, sewage treatment plant is an important factor affecting the level of polychlorinated naphthalene pollution. Discussion on the distribution characteristics of sludge in polychlorinated naphthalene congeners, found that the distribution of PCNs congeners in all of the samples is largely the same, it is mainly two chloride and three chloro naphthalene, it showed that the pollution source has a certain resemblance. Research shows that, polychlorinated naphthalenes city sludge mainly comes from industrial pollution sources; in addition, an important source of waste incineration, burning heat treatment process is caused by polychlorinated naphthalene pollution.

Study on Biological Purification Effect on Tail Water from Sewage Treatment Plant at Small-Scaled Town, South Jiangsu

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
Rui Wu ◽  
Li Gang Xu ◽  
Dan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Tail Water

As a cost-effective technology, using biological treatment technology to treat tail water has been gradually promoted in and abroad. Biological treatment technology uses the organic combination of water ecosystem to remove the organic pollutants and pollutants such as N and P which cause water eutrophication. This paper takes Jiangyin City Xinqiao Town Sewage Treatment Plant as example to construct bio-ecological combined constructed wetlands system near natural river course to treat tail water from sewage treatment plant and investigates the removal efficiency of combination process for COD, ammonia, TN and TP in tail water. The research indicates that bio-ecological combined constructed wetlands system has good removal efficiency for pollutants in tail water. And the average removal rate of COD, ammonia, TN and TP are 29%, 31%, 18%, and 8%; the average effluent concentration of them are 35.54mg/L, 0.97mg/L, 10.77 mg/L, and 0.11 mg/L. The result exactly matches the first grade A standard of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard (GB18918-2002). It has great potential for tail water treatment and is suitable for rural regions. The research result provides both the data and theoretical basis for improvement of biological treatment technology of tail water from sewage treatment plant, and also provides direct theoretical basis and practical experience for promotion and research of wetlands ecosystem.

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