Removal of Zn(II) from simulated wastewater using an algal biofilm

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuixia Liu ◽  
Zhiquan Hu ◽  
Jiaolan Zuo ◽  
Mian Hu ◽  
Bo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Algal Biofilm ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Scanning Electron

An algal biofilm was employed as a novel kind of adsorbing material to remove Zn(II) from simulated wastewater. The algal biofilm system formed by Oedogonium sp. was operated in a dynamic mode for a period of 14 days with an initial Zn(II) concentration of 10 mg/L. The average effluent Zn(II) concentration was 0.247 mg/L and the average removal efficiency reached 97.7%. The effects of Zn(II) on key algal physiological and biochemical indices such as chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase activity, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), and soluble protein levels were studied. Our results showed that the algal biofilm could adapt to the simulated wastewater containing Zn(II). Scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of algal biofilm revealed the presence of carboxyl, amino, and sulphonate groups, which were the main functional groups of EPS and proteins, and these were likely responsible for biosorption of the Zn(II) ions.

scholarly journals The Study of drought tolerance capacity of Ceratoides arborescens

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Qing Ge-le ◽  
Togtokhbayar Norovsambuu ◽  
Altanzaya Tovuu ◽  
Enkhchimeg Vanjildorj
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Main Component Analysis ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The Ceratoides arborescens is the kind of plant that can live in drought or extremeness drought condition. In drought grassland, desertification grassland and desertification area, they have important value in economy and ecology. The Ceratoides arborescens is one of the promising drought resisting species for developing natural meadow. In the article, a study was developed on two ecotypes of Ceratoides arborescens by observing physiological and biochemical indices of them. The results could be used to evaluate the drought resistance ability, give a guide for Ceratoides arborescens introduction, and make a function on desert control and water and soil conservation, developing meadow and pasturing by planting plant of the Ceratoides arborescens. The photosynthesis and chlorophyll content were gradually decreased with the increase of drought stressed days. In the stressed period, the decrease of ecotype of Kerqin’s photosynthesis and chlorophyll were less than that of ecotype of Wu. The proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) were gradually increased with the increase of drought stressed days. In the stressed period, the increase of ecotype of Kerqin’s proline and MDA were more than that of ecotype of Wu during the stressed period, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased firstly, reached the climax on the sixth day after stressed, then decreased. The activity of SOD and CAT of ecotype of Kerqin were higher than that of ecotype of Wu. It is considered that two ecotypes in Ceratoides arborescens both have strong drought resistance ability, and analyzing results of main component analysis and comprehensive appraisal of all indices, the drought resistance ability of ecotype of Kerqin is stronger than ecotype of Wu. Морин тэсэг (Ceratoides arborescens)-ийн ган тэсвэрлэх чадварын судалгаа Морин тэсэг нь удаан хугацааны туршид усгүй, гантай нөхцөлд амьдарч чаддаг ургамлуудын нэг юм. Тэсгийн төрлийн ургамлыг бэлчээр сайжруулахад ашиглах боломжтой бөгөөд хуурай уур амьсгалтай улиралд малын гол тэжээл болохоос гадна элсэрхэг хөрсөнд ургаж, элсний нүүдлийг зогсооход чухал нөлөөтэй. Бид энэхүү судалгаанд Морин тэсгийн Хорчин ба Улаанцав хэмээх 2 экотипийг ердийн усалгаатай нөхцөлд болон зохиомлоор гангийн стресст оруулсан нөхцөлд харьцуулан судалж гангийн стресс тэсвэрлэх чадварыг нь тогтоов. Гангийн стрессийн үргэлжлэх хугацаа уртсах тусам фотосинтезийн эрчим болон хлорофиллын агууламж хоёр экотипийн морин тэсэгт буурч байсан хэдий ч Хорчин тэсгийнх Улаанцав тэсгийнхээс 2.69% болон 0.19%-иар тус тус их байв. Гангийн стрессийн үргэлжлэх хугацаа уртсах тутам Морин тэсгийн хоёр экотипийн пролин ба малондиальдегидын агууламж нэмэгдэж байв. Супероксид дисмутаза (SOD) болон каталаза (CAT)-ийн идэвхжилт гангийн стрессийн үргэлжлэх эхний үед нэмэгдэж, дараа нь буурах зүй тогтолтой байсан бөгөөд Хорчин экотип нь Улаанцав экотипээс ганд илүү тэсвэртэй болох нь тогтоогдлоо.  Түлхүүр үгс: хлорофилл, пролин,  малондиальдегид, физиологийн үзүүлэлт, ган тэсвэр

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

PENINGKATAN LAJU DISOLUSI ACYCLOVIR DENGAN METODE SISTEM DISPERSI PADAT MENGGUNAKAN POLOXAMER 188

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Erizal Zaini ◽  
Salman Umar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sebuah penelitian tentang sistem dispersi padat dari asiklovir dengan poloxamer 188 telah dilakukan formulasi dengan pencampuran secara fisika dengan rasio 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan dispersi padat 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan penggilingan 1:1 sebagai pembanding. Dispersi padat dibuat menggunakan metode pencairan (fusi), yang digabung dengan poloxamer 188 pada hotplate kemudian asiklovir dimasukkan ke dalam hasil poloxamer 188 lalu di kocok hingga membentuk masa homogen. Semua formula yang terbentuk termasuk asiklovir poloxamer 188 murni dianalisis karakterisasinya dengan Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), kemudian pengambilan dilakukan  (penentuan kadar) mengunakan spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 257,08 nm dan uji laju disolusi dengan aquadest bebas CO2 menggunakan metode dayung. Hasil pengambilan  (penentuan kadar) menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memenuhi persyaratan farmakope Amerika edisi 30 dan farmakope Indonesia edisi 4 yaitu 95-110%. Sedangkan hasil uji laju disolusi untuk campuran fisik 1: 1, dan dispersi padat 1: 1, dan penggilingan 1: 1 menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dibandingkan asiklovir murni. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan statistik  menggunakan analisis varian satu arah  SPSS 17.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Mediates the Fetal Programming of Hypertension by Glucocorticoids

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Jeremy Lamothe ◽  
Sandhya Khurana ◽  
Sujeenthar Tharmalingam ◽  
Chad Williamson ◽  
Collin J. Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Fetal Programming ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Protein Levels

The field of cardiovascular fetal programming has emphasized the importance of the uterine environment on postnatal cardiovascular health. Studies have linked increased fetal glucocorticoid exposure, either from exogenous sources (such as dexamethasone (Dex) injections), or from maternal stress, to the development of adult cardiovascular pathologies. Although the mechanisms are not fully understood, alterations in gene expression driven by altered oxidative stress and epigenetic pathways are implicated in glucocorticoid-mediated cardiovascular programming. Antioxidants, such as the naturally occurring polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), or the superoxide dismutase (SOD) 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (TEMPOL), have shown promise in the prevention of cardiovascular dysfunction and programming. This study investigated maternal antioxidant administration with EGCG or TEMPOL and their ability to attenuate the fetal programming of hypertension via Dex injections in WKY rats. Results from this study indicate that, while Dex-programming increased blood pressure in male and female adult offspring, administration of EGCG or TEMPOL via maternal drinking water attenuated Dex-programmed increases in blood pressure, as well as changes in adrenal mRNA and protein levels of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, programmed male offspring displayed reduced antioxidant glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) expression, increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase (CAT) expression, and increased pro-oxidant NADPH oxidase activator 1 (Noxa1) expression in the adrenal glands. In addition, prenatal Dex exposure alters expression of epigenetic regulators histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1, 5, 6, 7, 11, in male and HDAC7 in female offspring. These results suggest that glucocorticoids may mediate the fetal programming of hypertension via alteration of epigenetic machinery and oxidative stress pathways.

Physiological and Biochemical Indices of Neurohypophyseal Function in the Aging Fischer Rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Silverman ◽  
Paul A. Aravich ◽  
John R. Sladek, Jr. ◽  
Celia D. Sladek
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Fabrication and Properties of Lignin/Castor Oil-Based Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 1535-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Juan Wang ◽  
Hai Yan Xiao ◽  
Feng Qiang Sun ◽  
Jian Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Facile Route ◽  
Scanning Electron

Novel bio-based composites were developed from maleate castor oil (MACO) and lignin through free radical initiated copolymerization between MACO and diluent monomer styrene(St). The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical and thermal behaviors of the composites were investigated, which showed the incorporation of a little of lignin in the castor oil based polymer can enhance the tensile properties of the matrix polymer greatly. This work provides a facile route to prepare bio-based composite materials from castor oil and lignin and can be extended to prepare other bio-based materials from reproducible resources.

Preparation of Borosilicate Xerogel and Research on its Mineralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Ya Dong Li ◽  
Gu Qiao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tributyl borate was first adopted for the introduction of boron in the preparation of bioactive borosilicate xerogel by sol-gel method. The xerogel reacted continuously in 0.25M K2HPO4 solution with a starting pH value of 7.0 at 37 °C for 1day. The structural, morphologies and compositional changes resulting from the conversion were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that speed of formation of HA was cut way back on the time with the addition of boron and the induction period for the HA nucleation on the surface of the borosilicate xerogel was short than 1 days. The conversion mechanism of the borosilicate xerogels to hydroxyapaptite was also discussed.

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