Biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge: effect of fly ash and modeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Huiliñir ◽  
Silvio Montalvo ◽  
Lorna Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Paper And Pulp ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

The effect of fly ash on biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge, including its modeling, was evaluated. Three tests with fly ash concentrations of 0, 10 and 20 mg/L were evaluated at 32 °C. Methane production was modeled using the modified Gompertz equation. The results show that the doses used produce a statistically significant increase of accumulated methane, giving values greater than 225 mL of CH4 per gram of volatile solids (VS) added, and 135% greater than that obtained in the control assay. Biodegradability of VS increased 143% with respect to the control assays, giving values around 43%. The modified Gompertz model can describe well methane generation from residual sludge of the paper industry water treatment, with parameter values between those reported in the literature. Thus, the addition of fly ash to the process causes a significant increase of accumulated methane and VS removal, improving the biodegradability of paper and pulp sludge.

scholarly journals Effects of Lipase Addition, Hydrothermal Processing, Their Combination, and Co-Digestion with Crude Glycerol on Food Waste Anaerobic Digestion

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Xiaojue Li ◽  
Naoto Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

To enhance anaerobic fermentation during food waste (FW) digestion, pretreatments can be applied or the FW can be co-digested with other waste. In this study, lipase addition (LA), hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP), and a combination of both methods (HL) were applied to hydrolyze organic matter in FW. Furthermore, the effects of crude glycerol (CG), which provided 5%, 10%, and 15% of the volatile solids (VS) as co-substrate (denoted as CG5, CG10, and CG15, respectively), on the anaerobic digestion of FW were assessed. With an increasing proportion of CG in the co-digestion experiment, CG10 showed higher methane production, while CG15 negatively affected the anaerobic digestion (AD) performance owing to propionic acid accumulation acidifying the reactors and inhibiting methanogen growth. As the pretreatments partially decomposed hard-to-degrade substances in advance, pretreated FW showed a stronger methane production ability compared with raw FW, especially using the HL method, which was significantly better than co-digestion. HL pretreatment was shown to be a promising option for enhancing the methane potential value (1.773 NL CH4/g VS) according to the modified Gompertz model.

Effects of phosphorus removal chemicals upon methane production during anaerobic sludge digestion

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren B. Kindzierski ◽  
Steve E. Hrudey
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Volatile Solids

Aluminum sulphate (alum) and ferric chloride are commonly employed to aid phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment. Previous studies have indicated that these chemical coagulants produce sludges that adversely affect anaerobic digestion. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of the effects chemical coagulants have upon methane generation in anaerobic digestion. Methane production was monitored and concentrations of aluminum or iron present during batch digestion of chemically precipitated sludge were measured.Both alum and ferric chloride addition to activated sludge produced a sludge that demonstrated reduced methane production in batch anaerobic digestion. Neither metal inhibited methanogenesis of an acetate supplement, suggesting that chemical toxicity was not a likely explanation for overall reductions in methane formation. Considering the experimental results and the findings of others, reduced methane generation is most likely caused by physical isolation of degradable substrate by the coagulant floc, which causes an overall reduction in conversion of sludge volatile solids to methane.

scholarly journals Thermophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Exhausted Sugar Beet Pulp with Cow Manure to Boost the Performance of the Process: The Effect of Manure Proportion

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Xiomara Gómez-Quiroga ◽  
Kaoutar Aboudi ◽  
Luis Alberto Fernández-Güelfo ◽  
Carlos José Álvarez-Gallego ◽  
Luis Isidoro Romero-García
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
By Products ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

Sugar beet by-products are a lignocellulosic waste generated from sugar beet industry during the sugar production process and stand out for their high carbon content. Moreover, cow manure (CM) is hugely produced in rural areas and livestock industry, which requires proper disposal. Anaerobic digestion of such organic wastes has shown to be a suitable technology for these wastes valorization and bioenergy production. In this context, the biomethane production from the anaerobic co-digestion of exhausted sugar beet pulp (ESBP) and CM was investigated in this study. Four mixtures (0:100, 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10) of cow manure and sugar beet by-products were evaluated for methane generation by thermophilic batch anaerobic co-digestion assays. The results showed the highest methane production was observed in mixtures with 75% of CM (159.5 mL CH4/g VolatileSolids added). Nevertheless, the hydrolysis was inhibited by volatile fatty acids accumulation in the 0:100 mixture, which refers to the assay without CM addition. The modified Gompertz model was used to fit the experimental results of methane productions and the results of the modeling show a good fit between the estimated and the observed data.

scholarly journals Assessment of the biochemical methane potential of mono- and co-digested dairy farm wastes

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Adghim ◽  
Mohamed Abdallah ◽  
Suhair Saad ◽  
Abdallah Shanableh ◽  
Majid Sartaj
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Waste Milk ◽  
Methane Potential

This study aimed to evaluate the methane potential of mono- and co-digested dairy farm wastes. The tested substrates included manure from lactating, dry, and young cows, as well as waste milk and feed waste. The highest methane yield was achieved from the lactating cow manure, which produced an average of 412 L of CH4 kg−1 volatile solids, followed by young and dry cow manures (332 and 273 L of CH4 kg−1 volatile solids, respectively). Feed and milk yielded an average of 325 and 212 L of CH4 kg−1 volatile solids, respectively. Co-digesting the manures from lactating and young cows with feed improved methane production by 7%. However, co-digesting the dry cow manure with feed achieved only 85% of the calculated methane yield. Co-digesting manure and milk at a ratio of 70:30 enhanced the methane potential from lactating, dry, and young cow manures by 19, 30, and 37%, respectively. Moreover, co-digesting lactating, dry, and young cow manures with milk at a ratio of 30:70 enhanced the methane yield by 60, 30, and 88%, respectively. The cumulative methane production of all samples was accurately described using the Gompertz model with a maximum error of 10%. Carbohydrates contributed the most to methane potential, while proteins and lipids were limiting.

Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste and Thermal Pretreated Waste Activated Sludge: Synergetic Effect and Energy Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Peng Gan ◽  
Ru-yi Wang ◽  
Tian Xie ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Thermal Pretreatment ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

Abstract Thermal pretreatment was an effective method to improve the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. However its application in China was still hindered by the high energy demand. In order to balance the energy consumption of sludge thermal pretreatment integrated with anaerobic digestion, food waste was introduced as co-substrate to achieve an energy self-sustainable sludge treatment system. Anaerobic biodegradability test was performed using thermal pretreated sludge and food waste in order to clarify the kinetics and mechanism of co-digestion, especially the synergetic effect on specific methane yield. The prominent synergetic effect was an initial acceleration of cumulative methane production by 20.7- 23.8% observed during the first 15 days, and the cumulative methane production of feedstock can be calculated proportionately from its composition. Between the evaluated models, modified Gompertz model presented a better agreement of the experimental results and it was able to describe the synergetic effect, assessed by the relative deviation between theoretical estimation and the experimental results of co-digestion tests. This feature made modified Gompertz model a suitable tool for methane production prediction of mono- and co-digestion. Energy assessment shown that co-digestion with food waste was a sustainable solution to maintain the integration of thermal pretreatment and anaerobic digestion energy neutral or even positive. Besides, the performance of sludge dewatering was a crucial factor for the energy balance.

scholarly journals Enhanced Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wheat Straw Rice Straw and Sugarcane Bagasse: A Kinetic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6069
Author(s):  
Saadia Meraj ◽  
Rabia Liaquat ◽  
Salman Raza Naqvi ◽  
Zeshan Sheikh ◽  
Atoofa Zainab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Lignocellulosic Residues ◽  
Function Model ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

Future energy and environmental issues are the major driving force towards increased global utilization of biomass, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Lignocellulosic residues are abundant in Pakistan. The present study investigated the best-mixed proportion of mechanically pretreated lignocellulosic residues i.e., wheat straw and rice straw (WSRS), bagasse and wheat straw (BAWS), bagasse, and rice straw (BARS), bagasse, wheat straw, and rice straw (BAWSRS) through anaerobic co-digestion. Anaerobic batch mode bioreactors comprising of lignocellulosic proportions and control bioreactors were run in parallel at mesophilic temperature (35 °C) for the substrate to inoculum (S/I) ratio of 1.5 and 2.5. Maximum and stable biomethane production was observed at the substrate to inoculum (S/I) ratio of 1.5, and the highest biomethane yield 339.0089123 NmLCH4/gVS was achieved by co-digestion of wheat straw and rice straw (WSRS) and lowest 15.74 NmLCH4/gVS from bagasse and rice straw (BARS) at 2.5 substrates to inoculum ratio. Furthermore, anaerobic reactor performance was determined by using bio-kinetic parameters i.e., production rate (Rm), lag phase (λ), and coefficient of determination (R2). The bio-kinetic parameters were evaluated by using kinetic models; first-order kinetics, Logistic function model, Modified Gompertz Model, and Transference function model. Among all kinetic models, the Logistic function model provided the best fit with experimental data followed by Modified Gompertz Model. The study suggests that a decrease in methane production was due to lower hydrolysis rate and higher lignin content of the co-digested substrates, and mechanical pretreatment leads to the breakage of complex lignocellulosic structure. The organic matter degradation evidence will be utilized by the biogas digesters developed in rural areas of Pakistan, where these agricultural residues are ample waste and need a technological solution to manage and produce renewable energy.

scholarly journals Batch Anaerobic Co-Digestion and Biochemical Methane Potential Analysis of Goat Manure and Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Ayobami Orangun ◽  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Models ◽  
The Us ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

The improper management of goat manure from concentrated goat feeding operations and food waste leads to the emission of greenhouse gasses and water pollution in the US. The wastes were collected from the International Goat Research Center and a dining facility at Prairie View A&M University. The biochemical methane potential of these two substrates in mono and co-digestion at varied proportions was determined in triplicates and processes were evaluated using two nonlinear regression models. The experiments were conducted at 36 ± 1 °C with an inoculum to substrate ratio of 2.0. The biomethane was measured by water displacement method (pH 10:30), absorbing carbon dioxide. The cumulative yields in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions were 169.7 and 206.0 mL/gVS, respectively. Among co-digestion, 60% goat manure achieved the highest biomethane yields of 380.5 mL/gVS. The biodegradabilities of 33.5 and 65.7% were observed in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions, while 97.4% were observed in the co-digestion having 60% goat manure. The modified Gompertz model is an excellent fit in simulating the anaerobic digestion of food waste and goat manure substrates. These findings provide useful insights into the co-digestion of these substrates.

scholarly journals Biomethane Potential of Sludges from a Brackish Water Fish Hatchery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Francesco da Borso ◽  
Alessandro Chiumenti ◽  
Giulio Fait ◽  
Matia Mainardis ◽  
Daniele Goi
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Fish Hatchery ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture

The development of intensive aquaculture is facing the challenge of the sustainable management of effluents. The reproductive sectors (i.e., hatcheries) mainly use water recirculation systems (RAS), which discharge a portion of wastewater. Anaerobic digestion (AD) could reduce the environmental impact of this waste stream while producing biogas. The study is focused on the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of brackish fish hatchery sludges. Wastewater was concentrated by microfiltration and sedimentation and thickened sludges were treated in a BMP system with different inoculum/substrate (I/S) volatile solids ratios (from 50:1 to no inoculum). The highest I/S ratio showed the highest BMP (564.2 NmL CH4/g VS), while different I/S ratios showed a decreasing trend (319.4 and 127.7 NmL CH4/g VS, for I/S = 30 and I/S = 3). In absence of inoculum BMP resulted of 62.2 NmL CH4/g VS. The kinetic analysis (modified Gompertz model) showed a good correlation with the experimental data, but with a long lag-phase duration (from 14.0 to 5.5 days) in particular with the highest I/S. AD applied to brackish water sludges can be a promising treatment with interesting methane productions. For a continuous, full-scale application further investigation on biomass adaptation to salinity and on retention times is needed. Further experimental tests are ongoing.

scholarly journals Optimizing anaerobic co-digestion of goat manure and cotton gin trash using biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and mathematical modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Batch Bioreactors ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model ◽  
Cotton Gin

AbstractAnaerobic co-digestion is widely adopted to enhance process efficacy by balancing the C/N ratio of the feedstock while converting organic wastes to biomethane. Goat manure (GM) and cotton gin trash (CGT) were anaerobically co-digested in triplicate batch bioreactors. The process was optimized and evaluated utilizing mathematical equations. The liquid fraction of the digestate was analyzed for nitrate and phosphate. The co-digestions with 10 and 20% CGT having the C/N ratios of 17.7 and 19.8 yielded the highest and statistically similar 261.4 ± 4.8 and 262.6 ± 4.2 mL/gvs biomethane, respectively. The biodegradability (BD) of GM and CGT was 94.5 ± 2.7 and 37.6 ± 0.8%, respectively. The BD decreased proportionally with an increase in CGT percentage. The co-digestion having 10% CGT yielded 80–90% of biomethane in 26–39 d. The modified Gompertz model-predicted and experimental biomethane values were similar. The highest synergistic effect index of 15.6 ± 4.7% was observed in GM/CGT; 30:70 co-digestion. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate was lower in the liquid fraction of digestate than the feedstocks, indicating that these nutrients stay in the solid fraction. The results provide important insights in agro-waste management, further studies determining the effects of effluent application on plants need to be conducted.

scholarly journals A Study on the Feasibility of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Raw Cheese Whey with Coffee Pulp Residues

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3611
Author(s):  
Sandra Gonzalez-Piedra ◽  
Héctor Hernández-García ◽  
Juan M. Perez-Morales ◽  
Laura Acosta-Domínguez ◽  
Juan-Rodrigo Bastidas-Oyanedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Cheese Production

In this paper, a study on the feasibility of the treatment of raw cheese whey by anaerobic co-digestion using coffee pulp residues as a co-substrate is presented. It considers raw whey generated in artisanal cheese markers, which is generally not treated, thus causing environmental pollution problems. An experimental design was carried out evaluating the effect of pH and the substrate ratio on methane production at 35 °C (i.e., mesophilic conditions). The interaction of the parameters on the co-substrate degradation and the methane production was analyzed using a response surface analysis. Furthermore, two kinetic models were proposed (first order and modified Gompertz models) to determine the dynamic profiles of methane yield. The results show that co-digestion of the raw whey is favored at pH = 6, reaching a maximum yield of 71.54 mLCH4 gVSrem−1 (31.5% VS removed) for raw cheese whey and coffee pulp ratio of 1 gVSwhey gVSCoffe−1. The proposed kinetic models successfully fit the experimental methane production data, the Gompertz model being the one that showed the best fit. Then, the results show that anaerobic co-digestion can be used to reduce the environmental impact of raw whey. Likewise, the methane obtained can be integrated into the cheese production process, which could contribute to reducing the cost per energy consumption.

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