scholarly journals Pulse electro-coagulation application in treating dibutyl phthalate wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1124-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Tianqing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Iron Electrode ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Pulse electro-coagulation (PEC) was applied to treat plastic factory wastewater in this study. One representative plasticizer molecule was chosen for the synthetic wastewater: dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Experiments demonstrated that PEC exhibits superior economic efficiency and removal efficiency compared to traditional electro-coagulation in wastewater treatment. Experimental data also indicated that at a given current density, compared with the aluminum electrode, the iron electrode could more efficiently remove DBP from wastewater. With an initial pH of 8–9, the required energy was 2.5 kWh m−3 for 75% DBP removal in the case of iron as the anode type. In general, the pollutants have been successfully reduced to environmentally acceptable levels under the following operating conditions: iron as the anode type, interelectrode distance of 10 mm, duty cycle of 0.6, pH of 8–9 and current density of 15 mA cm−2 for PEC time >15 min.

Experimental design of wastewater treatment with electro-coagulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule Camcioglu ◽  
Lutfiye Canan Pekel ◽  
Kamran Polat ◽  
Hale Hapoglu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Statistical Experimental Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the batch treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater using electro-coagulation (EC). Design/methodology/approach – Statistical experimental design was used to investigate the effect of initial pH, current density and temperature. Experiments were planned to obtain the maximum amount of information in the fewest number of runs. Minimum-maximum values of current density, initial pH, temperature of medium were selected as 9-25 mA/cm2, 5-9, 25-50°C, respectively. A total number of 20 experiments including eight factorial points, six axial points and six replicates in centre points were carried out and experimental data were collected. Optimum operating parameters were determined by evaluating experimental results in MATLAB 7.9®. Findings – According to the results, the optimum values of current density, initial pH and temperature of medium are determined as 14.12 mA/cm2, 8.22 and 34.21°C, respectively. Practical implications – Many researches about different techniques including physical, chemical and biological methods have been done on the subject of pulp and paper wastewater treatment. In physical and chemical processes low molecular weight compounds are not removed efficiently, also these methods are quite expensive. Electrochemical degradation has an advantage of removing even the smallest colloidal particles compared with traditional flocculation and coagulation. Originality/value – Complete removal of pollutants, less sludge generation, simple process design and easy operation are standard features of the EC and it comes forward as one of the promising techniques.

Electrochemical Disintegration of Activated Sludge Using Ti/RuO2 Anode

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Chin Heng ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electrode Surface Morphology ◽  
Alkaline Range ◽  
Sludge Concentration

Electrochemical process is one of the most effective methods to enhance sludge disintegration. In this study, Ti/RuO2 anodes were prepared by Pechini’s method and the electrode surface morphology was characterized by FESEM and EDAX. The effects of various operating conditions were investigated including initial pH value of sludge, sludge concentration, electrolysis time and current density. The study showed that the removal efficiencies of TS, VS, TSS and VSS increased with the increase of pH in the alkaline range, electrolysis time and current density but decreased with the increase of initial sludge concentration. The application of electrochemical process using Ti/RuO2 electrodes enhanced the sludge disintegration for possible subsequent biological treatment.

The Use of Electrocoagulation Technique for Paper Mill Wastewater Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galuh Yuliani ◽  
Kinia Mitasari ◽  
Agus Setiabudi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Iron Electrode ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Metal Plates

Electrocoagulation technique has been widely used in wastewater treatment because it is considered as safe, efficient and environmentally friendly. In this research, electrocoagulation cell was constructed using aluminum and iron electrodes. These metal plates were cut into three parts and were arranged in parallel modes. The constructed electrocoagulation cells were then utilized for the treatment of wastewater obtained from local paper industry. Some operational parameters namely electrolysis time, pH, applied voltage, and electrode distance were analyzed. It was found that the optimum conditions were electrolysis time of 60 minute, pH of 7, applied voltage of 14 V and electrode distance of 1.5 cm. For iron electrode, percentage removals of conductivity, turbidity, COD and BOD were 62%, 97%, 37% and 30%, respectively. For aluminum electrode, the percentage removals of conductivity, turbidity, COD and BOD were 42%, 98%, 37% and 50%, respectively.

scholarly journals Techno-economical evaluation of nitrate removal using continuous flow electro-coagulation process: optimization by Taguchi model

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Karamati Niaragh ◽  
M. R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽  
M. M. Emamjomeh
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Inlet Flow ◽  
Inlet Flow Rate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of the main parameters on the performance of a continuous flow electro-coagulation (EC) process for nitrate removal efficiency and its operating costs. For this purpose, the Taguchi experimental design with orthogonal array L27 (313) was applied to analyze the effects of selected parameters, namely initial nitrate concentration, inlet flow rate, current density and initial pH. According to the analysis of variance results, the inlet flow rate and the current density were recognized to be the most effective factors playing a pivotal role in nitrate removal efficiency by using an EC process. The optimum conditions of initial nitrate concentration, inlet flow rate, current density and initial pH were found to be 100 mg/L, 50 mL/min, 80 A/m2 and 8, respectively. As a result, the observed nitrate removal efficiency under these conditions was 61.70%. In addition, operating costs were evaluated as 1.278 US$/g NO3-removed. Finally, a high correlation was observed between the experimental and predicted results indicating an appropriate accuracy of the Taguchi model for nitrate removal efficiency and its operating costs in an EC system.

scholarly journals A Model for Optimal Treatment of Cassava Wastewater Using Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
A.O. Ibeje ◽  
E. Onukwugha
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Cyanide Inhibition ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Influent Flow

The major components of the effluents from cassava processing industries are cyanide and starch. However it is suspected that cyanide inhibits the treatment of cassava wastewater. The experimental data were successfully fitted to a polynomial model which was used to optimize the treatment processes at a laboratory scale. The Monod and Michealis-menten models for cassava wastewater treatment was successfully calibrated and validated in an ABR system. For Michealis-Menten model, the maximum substrate utilization rate is estimated in the range: 2866.88 to 1432.84 mgl-1 and for Monod’s model, it is estimated in the range: 493 to 1242 mgl-1, which is more realistic, hence validating the empirical model as more accurate than the former, which is theoretical. The result revealed that the inhibitor constant decreased from 9.9989 to 1.6101mgl-1 as the number of baffles increased from 3 to 10. To reach a maximum COD removal efficiency of 99%, it was found that the aspect ratio of 10, 20 baffles, cyanide inhibition constant of 30 mg/l and influent flow rate of 0.8 l/min, are the required optimum operating conditions of the anaerobic baffled reactors.

scholarly journals Hybrid Process of Electrochemistry with Magnetite Nanoparticles for Treatment of Turbid Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Thamer Jasim Mohammed ◽  
Hadeel Atiya Al-Zuheri
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Commercial Grade ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Magnetic nanoparticles are now being investigated widely in field of water treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of electrocoagulation process combined with addition of magnetite nanoparticles as a turbidity removal process. Bentonite was used as source of turbidity for the synthetic turbid water. Experiments were conducted in a bench scales electrocoagulation reactor where voltage was applied across a perforated plate of aluminum as anode, and iron mesh as cathode. Commercial grade of magnetite (Fe3O4) with an average nanoparticle size of 50 nm was used. The effect of some factors such as initial pH of the solution (5-9), current density (5-25 mA/cm2), and magnetite dosage (0.4-2.5 gm) on the efficiency of the process were studied. The residual turbidity obtained by using electrocoagulation process alone was (7.47 NTU) from initial turbidity of (200 NU) at constant conditions of pH 6, current density 15 mA/cm2 and electrolysis time 20 min. While under these same conditions the combined electrocoagulation + magnetite process with the added (1.4 gm) of magnetite and under the same operating conditions the residual turbidity was (4.34 NTU), which indicate that the magnetite nanoparticles enhanced the electrocoagulation process.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON HARVESTING OF MICROALGAE CHLORELLA SP. BY ELECTROCHEMICAL FLOTATION METHOD USING CORROSIVE ELECTRODES

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4C) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Vinh Hung
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Iron Electrode ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Microalgae Biomass

Microalgae are a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. Harvesting of microalgal biomass is still a bottleneck to its commercial scale application, due to small cell size, low culture densities, colloidal stability and thus economic disadvantage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomass separation of the small size microalgae Chlorella sp. by electrochemical flotation process with rectangle electrodes using aluminum or iron plates. The most effective conditions for this experiment involved the use of an aluminum electrode for 30 min with a current density of 1.5 mA/cm2, whereas the iron electrode has been used ineffectively with the same of conditions. The effect of current density (0.5–3 mA/cm2), concentration of microalgae biomass (0.29–1.5 g/L), and electrolyte (0–2 g/L) for aluminum electrode were analyzed. The highest recovery efficiency of 90 % was obtained for Chlorella sp. at 1.5 mA/cm2 in 30 min and concentration of microalgae biomass of 0.74 - 1.5 g/L with power consumption of 1.36 kWh/kg.  The electrochemical flotation process with aluminum electrodes could be a possible harvesting step at commercial scale for microalgal biomass production.

scholarly journals Sorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Aragonite Synthesized from Eggshell

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulit Habte ◽  
Natnael Shiferaw ◽  
Mohd Danish Khan ◽  
Thenepalli Thriveni ◽  
Ji Whan Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Precipitation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In the present work, waste eggshells were used as a precursor for the synthesis of aragonite crystals through the wet carbonation method. Cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+) were removed by the synthesized aragonite from synthetic wastewater. The influence of initial solution pH, contact time, Cd2+ and Pb2+ concentration, and sorbent dosage were evaluated. The major sorption was observed in the first 100 mins and 360 mins for Pb2+and Cd2+ respectively reaching sorption equilibrium at 720 mins (12 hr). The sorption capacity toward Pb2+ was much higher than toward Cd2+. Both heavy metals displayed high sorption capacities at initial pH 6. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits well with the experimental data with a higher correlation coefficient R2. Two isotherm models were also evaluated for the best fit with the experimental data obtained. Langmuir isotherm best fits the sorption of the metals on aragonite synthesized from eggshells. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of sorbent after sorption showed that the mechanism of sorption was dominated by surface precipitation. Therefore, aragonite crystals synthesized from waste eggshells can be a potential substitute source for the removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ from contaminated water.

Hydrogen peroxide assisted electrocoagulation treatment of rice gain based biodigester effluent: mechanism, performance, and cost analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Dubey ◽  
Amita Joshi ◽  
Rashmi Trivedi ◽  
Parmesh Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Dharm Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Iron Electrode ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In the current scenario treatment of industrial waste water is big challenge especially waste water that contain high organic load. Hydrogen peroxide assisted electrocoagulation (EC) process provides better result to treat highly polluted wastewater as compared to EC alone. However, hydrogen peroxide is well known as a strong oxidant, which cast a potential threat to human health. To overcome this problem hydrogen peroxide has been used here for treatment of wastewater in small quantity, and that consume during the process. Therefore the harmful effect of hydrogen peroxide in human and aquatic life could be minimized. This work is an attempt to treat biodigester effluent (BDE) using H2O2 assisted EC processes with respect to chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color reductions. To perform this experiment both iron and aluminum electrodes are used as an electrode material in the presence of H2O2. In case of iron electrode the maximum COD and color reduction efficiency of 98.3 and 83.6% was achieved at the cost of 1.5 Wh/dm3 energy consumption while maximum COD and color removal efficiency of 96.8 and 77.1% with 1.7 Wh/dm3 of energy consumption was observed in the aluminum electrode based EC process. A part from this conventional biological process (i.e., activated sludge treatment, ponds, and lagoon etc.) and physiochemical treatment process (i.e., coagulation, adsorption) provided treatment efficiency of 40–80% hence hydrogen peroxide assisted EC process should a better choice to treat distillery effluent. Furthermore, hybrid EC process was also performed with iron used as anode and aluminum as cathode in the presence of H2O2. Iron electrode based peroxi-EC process provided better result at optimum operating conditions; current density of 114 A/m2, initial COD concentration of 12,000 mg/dm3, initial pH of 7.3, H2O2 concentration of 120 mg/dm3, stirring speed of 120 rpm and electrolysis time of 90 min. The cost estimated for operation is 1.56 US $/m3. Finally, sludge analysis and cost optimization are also incorporated in this article.

Phosphorus Removal by Electrochemical Using Aluminum Electrode

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1240-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kante Mamadou Dian ◽  
Bao Gang Zhang ◽  
Chuan Ping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Electro Coagulation

In this study, the removal of phosphorus from wastewater was performed using electro-coagulation by Aluminum electrode. Several parameters was investigated such effect of pH (1.5;3;5;9;11) ,effect of initial concentration (5mg/l ;10mg/l) and concentration of COD (300-800 mg/l). Removal of phosphorus without optimization of the parameters is 77 %. Optimization of the parameters for removal of phosphorus shows, effect of initial pH, initial concentration of phosphate and COD are 93 % , 93 % and 90.3% to 55min with 0.8 A, respectively. This proves a great optimization of phosphorus removal.

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