scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DOS FATORES DETERMINANTES À REALIZAÇÃO DA EPISIOTOMIA NO PARTO VAGINAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dias Nunes ◽  
Amanda De Vasconcelos Mapelli ◽  
Nazaré Otília Nazário ◽  
Eliane Traebert ◽  
Mayara Seemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objetivo: O estudo objetiva conhecer os fatores associados à realização da episiotomia no parto vaginal. Metodologia: Estudo transversal envolvendo 330 partos, de janeiro/2012 a dezembro/2013. Estudou-se a associação das variáveis independentes com a realização da episiotomia por meio de cálculo de razões de prevalência e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, com nível de significância p < 0,05. Resultados: Na amostra estudada, 224 (67,9%) pacientes não realizaram episiotomia e 106 (32,1%) realizaram o procedimento. A idade média foi de 22,9 (± 5,9) anos e a episiotomia foi mais realizada naquelas com idade inferior a 20 anos [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15; 2,25)] (p = 0,005). As mulheres com mais de 8 anos completos de estudo foram significativamente mais submetidas à episiotomia que as demais [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A realização da episiotomia nesta população ocorreu com maior prevalência nas parturientes mais jovens e com maior escolaridade.Descritores: Episiotomia; Fatores associados; Parto vaginalEVALUATION OF THE DETERMINANT FACTORS TO EPISIOTOMY IN VAGINAL DELIVERYObjective: This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with its performance in vaginal delivery. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 330 births, from January / 2012 to December / 2013. The association of the independente variables with episiotomy was calculated by prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals, with significance level p < 0.05. Results: In the studied sample, 224 (67.9%) patients did not undergo episiotomy and 106 (32.1%) had the procedure. The mean age was 22.9 ± 5.9 years and the episiotomy was more frequently performed in those younger than 20 years old [PR 1.61 (95% CI 1.15; 2.25)] (p = 0.005). Women with more than 8 years of education were significantly more likely to undergo episiotomy than the others [PR 2.34 (95% CI 1.70; 3.22)] (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The episiotomy, in this population, occured more likely in younger and more educated parturients.Descriptors: Episiotomy; Associated factors; Vaginal birthEVALUACIÓN DE LOS FACTORES DETERMINANTES A LA REALIZACIÓN DE LA EPISIOTOMÍA EN EL PARTO VAGINALObjetivo: El estudio tiene como objetivo conocer los factores asociados a la realización de la episiotomía en el parto vaginal. Metodología: Estudio transversal que involucra 330 partos, de enero/2012 a diciembre/2013, para la asociación de las variables independientes con la episiotomía por razones de prevalencia y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza, con p <0,05. Resultados: En la muestra, 224 (67,9%) pacientes no realizaron episiotomía y 106 (32,1%) realizaron el procedimiento. La edad media fue de 22,9 (± 5,9) años y la episiotomía fue más realizada en aquellas con edad inferior a 20 años [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15, 2,25)] (p = 0,005) ). Las mujeres con más de 8 años completos de estudio fueron significativamente más sometidas a la episiotomía que las demás [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p <0,001). Conclusión: La realización de la episiotomía ocurrió con mayor prevalencia en las parturientas más jóvenes y con mayor escolaridad.Descriptores: Episiotomía; Factores asociados; Parto vaginal

scholarly journals The Oral Health Situation of 12-Year-Old School Children in the Rural Region of Ilembula in Southwestern Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12237
Author(s):  
Lisa Zumpe ◽  
Tobias Bensel ◽  
Andreas Wienke ◽  
Matilda Mtaya-Mlangwa ◽  
Jeremias Hey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
The Mean

There has been no research on the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries in rural southwestern Tanzania among schoolchildren. Determining the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries will help to assess the need for dental intervention and prophylactic measures among children in the region. In February 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Wanging’ombe District of the Ilembula Ward. The data were collected through clinical examinations and personal interviews at two primary schools. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk indicators for caries. The study included 319 students aged 11–12 years (average 11.92 ± 0.27 years). The mean Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index was 0.24 ± 0.68, and the mean Specific affected Caries Index was 1.66 ± 0.9. The greatest influences on the caries risk were poor oral hygiene (OR 8.05, 95% CI 0.49–133.23), low tooth brushing frequency (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.26–7.26) and low level of education in parents (OR 2.63, 95% CI 0.99–6.98). Dental caries was low among students in rural areas in the Wanging’ombe District.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PREMATURE EJACULATION AND ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AND THEIR ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION OF MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Samsuri ◽  
Shamsul Azhar Shah ◽  
Nazarudin Safian ◽  
Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with of Premature Ejaculation &Erectile Dysfunctionamong Malaysian men. A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas using standardized and validated self-administered questionnaires. A total of 319 samples were recruited for PE screening. The overall prevalence of PE was 31.7% with 20.7% and 40.8% for urban and rural area respectively. Depression, anxiety and frequent masturbation were significantly associated with PE. While For ED, infrequent sexual intercourse was the sole factor significantly associated with ED.PE and ED were highly prevalent in both urban and rural areas; with several significant preventable associated factors.

Prelacteal Feeding and Associated Factors Among Northwestern Ethiopian Women Having Children Less than Six Months Age: A Community Based Cross- Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maezu G/slassie1 ◽  
Kiflay Mulugeta ◽  
Abraha Teklay Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prelacteal Feeding ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Prelacteal feeding is administration of any food or fluid other than breast milk before initiation of breast feeding. Optimal breastfeeding including discouraging prelacteal feeding could save 823,000 lives per year among children ages five years old and younger. Despite of this mothers give prelacteal feeding to their child in different part of Ethiopia; However, there is a paucity of information on prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors in the study area. Thus, the current study aimed at determining of the prevalence of prelacteal feeding and associated factors among mothers of children aged less than six months in Gozamen district, East Gojjam zone, North West Ethiopia, 2019-2020Methods: A community -based cross-sectional study was conducted among 741 mothers of children aged less than six months in Gozamen district from August 2019 to Feb 2020. Stratified cluster sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected by face to face interviewer-administered, pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model were employed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with prelacteal feeding.Results: In this study the prevalence of prelacteal feeding was found to be 17.1%with 95%CI [14.3, 20]. Mothers who had no ANC follow up [AOR: 7.53, CI; 3.32, 17.05], those mothers who did not discard colostrum [AOR: 0.12, CI; 0.07, 0.12] time of breast feeding initiation [AOR: 3.53, CI; 2.05, 6.11] and mothers who had single ANC visit [AOR: 2.98, CI; 1.52, 5.85] were significant independent factors associated with prelacteal feeding.Conclusion: This study concluded that prelacteal feeding was high in the study area .Therefore, in order to tackle this problem strengthening antenatal follow up, timely initiation of breastfeeding, health education and awarenes creation of the communities are recommended interventions.

scholarly journals The Association Between Occupational Factors, Depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Military Women in Republic of Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunji Kwon ◽  
Jeongok Park ◽  
Sue Kim ◽  
Kyung Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important concept to consider both individuals' ability to manage their daily lives and health status across the lifespan. Despite this variable's importance, there is a lack of clarification on the factors associated with HRQOL, especially for military women. The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with HRQOL of military women in the Korea Army.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 196 participants who were currently within their 5-year service period. Differences in HRQOL according to general and occupational factors were analyzed using the independent t-test and analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the HRQOL of women serving as military junior officers.Results: The mean score for the physical component summary (PCS) of HRQOL was 56.0±5.8, and that for the mental component summary (MCS) of HRQOL was 47.2±10.0. For depression, the mean score was 5.4±5.2, whereas 19.4% of the participants scored more than 10 out of 27 points, which means moderate to severe. No variables showed statistically significant relationships with the PCS. However, significant relationships with the MCS were found for rank (β = -3.63, p <. 001), duty time (β = -4.93, p = .029), perceived stress (β = -0.61, p <. 001), and depression (β = -0.90, p <. 001).Conclusions: Although depression levels were not severe, it was a significant factor of HRQOL and thus the need for depression screening and regular depression management in women serving in the ROK Army to improve their HRQOL. Considering these results, nursing officers should conduct frequent testing related to mental health and take steps to manage high-risk groups. This study also contributes to the literature by providing basic data for the establishment of an appropriate health service environment and systematic health management policies.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction and its Associated Factors Among Dilla University Undergraduate Students, Dilla, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebiyu Mengistu ◽  
Desalegn Tarekegn ◽  
Wondwosen Molla ◽  
Seid Shumye
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Internet addiction is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupation, urges or behavior regarding computer use and internet access that lead to impairment or distress. Globally, it has been found that the occurrence rate of internet addiction among university students ranges from 0.8% to 47.7%. Despite, there are multiple challenges that related with internet addiction which remains under-recognized and largely ignored by stakeholders and also not well known especially in low income countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted aimed to assess the magnitude of the internet addiction and its associated factors among undergraduate students. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was employed from May 1st to June 1st 2019. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to get a total of 846 undergraduate Students. Data was collected by using self-administered structured questionnaires of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. The collected data was coded and entered into EPIDATA 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 22, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with internet addiction and statistically significant was considered at P-value <0.05. Results: A total of 846 study participants, giving a response rate were 761 (90%) and the prevalence of internet addiction was 19.4%. Multiple logistic regression model revealed that being male [AOR=1.69, 95% CI: (1.80, 6.41)], probable depression [AOR =3.61, 95% CI (2.40, 5.43)] and khat or caffeinated drinks [AOR=1.86, 95%CI: (1.21, 2.87)] were significantly associated with internet addiction.Conclusion: This study revealed that a high prevalence of internet addiction among Dilla university students and there were various factors associated with increased prevalence of problematic internet use. Therefore, students need to be educated about safe, valuable, and healthy practice of internet use and better to counsel on substance use and its consequences and also psychiatric evaluation (referring for mental health services) to overcome the anticipated increase in internet addiction

scholarly journals THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS UNDER 50 YEARS OF AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Nourollah Ramroodi ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mehrdad Ramroudi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological pattern of factors associated with ischemic stroke among patients under 50 years old. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 197 Stroke patients. Individuals with confirmed ischemic stroke based on of CT scan were included in the study. Demographic information included age, sex, history of smoking, place of residence, season of disease incidence, history of contraceptive use in women, history of hypertension, having high blood pressure at the onset of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease and patient weight. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.18 years. The mean weight, height, body mass index (BMI) were 79.83, 168.63, and 28.12, respectively. A total of 60.4% of the participants were male and 39.6% were female. Moreover, 66.9% were urban residents, 38.6% had complications in winter, 67% were smokers, and 50% used contraceptives. The history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease was seen in 69%, 49.7, 66%, and 73.6% of cases, respectively. Also, 53.8% of patients had high blood pressure upon admission. Conclusion: The present study showed that a history of heart disease and a history of hypertension in the past and nicotine use are very common in people with stroke. Considering the above mentioned epidemiological factors, it is recommended to prioritize the mentioned factors when identifying new cases

scholarly journals Having children is associated with a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among young adults in Kuwait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Altamimi ◽  
Zain Almokhaizeem ◽  
Heba Alfouzan ◽  
Bedour AlHajri ◽  
Deema Alenezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objectives: The role of children in the transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. We investigated whether having children is associated with self-reported COVID-19 among adults. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled adults (n=2368; aged ≥21 years). Prior COVID-19 diagnosis and having children were self-reported. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results: Overall, 4.8% (114/2355) of the participants reported having had COVID-19. In the total sample, having children showed a trend for association with having had COVID-19 (aPR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.99-2.14). Among participants aged 21-29 years, having children was associated with an increased prevalence of COVID-19 (aPR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.21-5.20). Such an association was not detected in adults aged ≥30 years. Conclusions: Our epidemiological findings highlight the possible role of children in spreading COVID-19. Hence, preventive measures should consider the role of children.

scholarly journals Magnitude of preterm hospital neonatal mortality and associated factors in northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e051161
Author(s):  
Bekahegn Girma ◽  
Jemberu Nigussie
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the magnitude of preterm neonatal mortality in hospitals and associated factors in northern Ethiopia.DesignInstitutional-based cross-sectional study.SettingComprehensive specialised hospitals in the Tigray region, northern Ethiopia.ParticipantsPreterm neonates admitted in Ayder and Aksum comprehensive specialised hospitalsPrimary outcomeMagnitude of preterm neonatal mortality.Secondary outcomeFactors associated with preterm neonatal mortalityResultThis study was conducted from 1 April 2019 to 15 May 2019 among 336 participants with a response rate of 96.8%. The magnitude of preterm neonatal mortality was 28.6% (95% CI: 24.0 to 33.7). In multivariable logistic regression, respiratory distress syndrome (adjusted odd ratio (AOR)=2.85; 95% CI: 1.35 to 6.00), apnoea of prematurity (AOR=5.45; 95% CI: 1.32 to 22.5), nulli parity (AOR=3.63; 95% CI: 1.59 to 8.24) and grand parity (AOR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.04 to 9.94) were significant factors associated with preterm neonatal mortality. However, receiving Kangaroo mother care (AOR=0.08; 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.20) and feeding initiated during hospitalisation (AOR=0.07; 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.15) were protective against preterm neonatal mortality.ConclusionsThe magnitude of preterm neonatal mortality in hospitals was still high. Interventions geared towards curbing preterm in-hospital neonatal mortality should strengthen early diagnosis and treatment of preterm newborns with respiratory distress syndrome and apnoea of prematurity; while concomitantly reinforcing the implementation of kangaroo care and early feeding initiation is important.

scholarly journals Magnitude of optimal adherence and predictors for a low level of adherence among HIV/AIDS-infected adults in South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a multifacility cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e056009
Author(s):  
Shimeles Biru Zewude ◽  
Tewodros Magegnet Ajebe
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Level ◽  
South Gondar ◽  
Hiv Aids

ObjectivesThis study aims to identify levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs and factors associated with them in Northwest Ethiopia. We hypothesise that in the era of COVID-19, there would be suboptimal adherence to ART drugs.DesignAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted. Factors associated with the level of adherence were selected for multiple logistic regressions at a p value of less than 0.2 in the analysis. Statistically significant associated factors were identified at a p value less than 0.05 and adjusted OR with a 95% CI.SettingThe study was conducted in one specialised hospital and three district hospitals found in the South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsAbout 432 people living with HIV/AIDS receiving highly active ART in South Gondar zone public hospitals and who have been on treatment for more than a 3-month period participated in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLevels of adherence to ART drugs and their associated factors.ResultsAmong 432 study participants, 81.5% (95% CI: 78% to 85.2%) of participants were optimally adherent to ART drugs. Determinants of a low level of adherence: stigma or discrimination (OR=0.4, p=0.016), missed scheduled clinical visit (OR=0.45, p=0.034), being on tuberculosis treatment (OR=0.45, p=0.01), recent CD4 cell count less than 500 cells/mm3 (OR=0.3, p=0.023) and patients who had been on WHO clinical stage III at the time of ART initiation (OR=0.24, p=0.027) were factors significantly associated with adherence to ART drugs.ConclusionsLevel of adherence was relatively low compared with some local studies. The intervention targeted to reduce discrimination, counselling before initiation of treatment and awareness regarding compliance is advised to improve adherence to antiretroviral regimens.

scholarly journals Attitude towards Antipsychotic Medications in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tilahun Kassew ◽  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Addis Birhanu ◽  
Mesele Wonde ◽  
Biks Liyew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
The Mean

Background. Poor attitude towards antipsychotic drugs is high, and it is a factor for non-adherence to treatment. This increases the risk of relapse, associated healthcare utilization, and costs. This study aimed to assess attitude towards antipsychotic medication among patients with schizophrenia. Objectives. The aim of this institution based cross-sectional study was to assess attitude towards antipsychotic medications and associated factors among patients with schizophrenia who attend the outpatient clinics at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, 2018. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 393 schizophrenic patients from Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital were recruited by a systematic random sampling technique. Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10) was used to assess attitude, experience, and belief about antipsychotics. Glasgow antipsychotic side effect scale modified version, positive and negative syndrome scale, and Birch wood’s insight scale for psychosis were the instruments used to assess the associated factors. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis models were fitted, and the adjusted unstandardized beta (β) coefficient at 95% confidence interval was used. Results. The mean score of attitude towards antipsychotic medications was 6.51 with standard deviation (SD) of 2.22. In multiple linear regression, positive symptoms (β= -0.07, 95% CI: (-0.09, -0.05)), negative symptoms (β= -0.04, 95% CI: (-0.06,-0.02)), shorter (≤5 years) duration of illness (β= -0.39, 95% CI: (-0.63, -0.15)), first generation antipsychotics (β = -0.35, 95% CI: (-0.55,-0.14)), having sedation (β= -0.28, 95% CI: (-0.52, -0.02)), and extra-pyramidal side effects (β= -0.34, 95% CI: (-0.59,-0.09)) were factors negatively associated with attitude towards antipsychotic medication treatment. Insight to illness (β= 0.24, 95% CI: (0.20, 0.27) was a factor positively associated with attitude towards antipsychotic medications. Conclusion. The result suggests that the mean score of participants’ attitude towards antipsychotic medications was good. Prevention of side effects particularly due to first generation antipsychotics is necessary.

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