scholarly journals The Role of Transport Infrastructure in Development of Border Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Berezhnaya
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Transport Industry ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Intensive Development

Social and economic development of regions is closely connected with transport industry functioning, which was proven by numerous academic works. However, the problem of transport infrastructure importance for border regions was actually neglected. In fact transport on state periphery plays an important role in regional development and in some cases becomes a key factor of realizing foreign-economic potential. This article on the basis of functional approach to the research object describes an attempt to substantiate the role of transport infrastructure in the development of border region through identifying its foreign-economic function. The essence of this function implies the capacity of transport infrastructure to build in-regional and inter-regional flows of goods, services and people travel and at the same time to carry out operations of international exchange of goods. The importance of infrastructure for border regions is demonstrated by dynamics of indicators of railway construction and investment into fixed funds of transport industry: growth rates of these indicators are much higher for border regions in comparison with internal regions. It proves the importance of intensive development of transport on border territories to provide integrity of the country and to realize the potential of foreign-economic links.

scholarly journals Cross-Border Cultural Cooperation in European Border Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Giada Laganà ◽  
Timothy J. White
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Local Cultures

The growing interaction between local cultures and international organisations suggests the need for peacebuilders to act strategically when trying to overcome cultural differences and build trust in societies long divided by bloody conflicts. This task is more difficult because the mental barriers that divide people and cultures are exacerbated by borders and walls. Through an analysis of the evolving role of the European Union (EU) in peacebuilding in the border region of Ireland, this forum contribution examines the potential of international organisations to enhance reconciliation by creating new cultural opportunities for cooperation. Existing scholarship focuses mainly on policy initiatives, strategies, directives and funding bodies, often failing to mention how theories are deployed by practitioners especially in the realm of cultural programmes.

scholarly journals The changing role of border regions in the regional policies of the EU and Russia

Baltic Region ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Olga V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

This article analyses how the role of border regions has changed in the regional policies of Russia and European countries since the early 1990s. The study aims to estimate the efficiency of Russia’s regional policy with regard to border regions (its completeness, a focus on actual problems, etc.) and to compare it with that of European counterparts. The article relies on publications on the experience of EU countries, earlier contributions from Russian researchers, federal regulations, and statistics on the regional distribution of federal investment in fixed assets. It is shown that the federal border region policy is largely a reflection of the features and problems of Russia’s regional policy as a whole. Currently, the development of cross-border cooperation is affected more strongly by national security concerns than by economic growth considerations. Cross-border cooperation is no longer part of the regional policy. Border regions, however, have received an increasing proportion of federal investments in recent years, particularly, amid the reunification with the Crimea. The study calls for better coordination between different areas of the federal socio-economic policy on border regions and closer attention to border regions’ foreign economic ties, particularly, within the implementation of the Strategy for the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Transport Infrastructure and Political Factors as Determinants of Tourism Development in the Cross-Border Region of Bihor and Maramureş. A Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5385
Author(s):  
Jan A. Wendt ◽  
Vasile Grama ◽  
Gabriela Ilieş ◽  
Andrey S. Mikhaylov ◽  
Sorin G. Borza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Multiscale Approach ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Impact

This article follows two important interconnected aspects. On one hand, it investigates whether the political factors represented by the presence of ethnic minorities can be a catalyst for tourism development in cross-border regions, in addition to the development of transport infrastructure. On the other hand, it offers a comparative analysis and territorial diagnosis of the Bihor-Hajdú–Bihar and Maramureş–Zakarpattya cross border regions, analyzing the main tourist indicators and the advances made in the development of the transport infrastructure with a role in the development of tourism. The paper is based on desk and quantitative research involving national and regional statistic data. Research on the literature regarding Hungarian–Romanian and Romanian–Ukrainian borderland was also realized, in order to conduct comparative analysis useful to identify and evaluate the factors linked with tourism development. Using a multiscale approach, the objective is to determine if there is a correlation between the development of the transport network and the increase in tourist traffic. The results show that transport infrastructure plays a critical role in ensuring the connections of border regions. Although the two regions are contiguous, there is an obvious difference in cross-border traffic due to the presence of two different types of border. The transport network and tourism situation in Bihor has improved in the last years, especially under the impact of cross-border cooperation, but the accessibility remains relatively low. In Maramureş, the development of cross-border connections is based on cultural exchange, and less on economic relations. Transport accessibility is a strong point of the Hungarian–Romanian borderland and represents an obstacle for the development of tourism in the Romanian–Ukrainian borderland.

Financial Instruments of Regional Economic Policy Implementation

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
Anastasia Ostovskaya ◽  
Irina Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Regional Economic Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This study is dedicated to the rationalizing of theoretical and methodological principles as well as elaboration of practical recommendations for the improvement of the financial mechanisms of regional development. Scientific findings in the area of financial mechanisms of regional development have been subject to analysis; the purpose and the main objectives have been set and financial principles and instruments of regional development have been defined. The role of financial support has been rationalized in relation to the specifics of the social and economic interests of the region and its steady development. The main purpose of reforming the financial mechanisms has been set as such providing for the social and economic development of the regions in the Russian Federation. It has also been clarified that the financial potential of the region is a key factor in serving social and economic interests of the region by means of financial mechanisms.

scholarly journals Regionalisation in Northern Europe and the Northern Dimension in Russian political discourse

Baltic Region ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-92
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Kolosov ◽  
Alexander B. Sebentso
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Functional Relations ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

The progress and sustainability of international cross-border region formation is a major concern for Russia, a country bordering sixteen states. In the early 2000s, the development of regions with Russian participation was at its height in northwestern Europe. Cross-border regions arise both naturally, stemming from various functional relations, and as a result of political decisions. In the latter case, political discourse is an important factor in successful region-building. The Northern Dimension (ND) programme, which was launched in 1997, embodied the principle of depoliticised cooperation — Europe’s ‘new regionalism’. This article aims to evaluate the role of the ND in the federal and regional political discourse of 1997—2016, to determine its place among other cross-border cooperation projects, and to follow changes in the understanding of its goals. The study relies on data from the Integrum agency, which has built up the most comprehensive digital archive of federal and regional printed and online media. The federal discourse on the ND reflected the whole set of relations between Russia and the EU. The idea about the crisis of the programme came from the discrepancy between the expectations aroused by political discourse and the actual results of cooperation. The study shows the ND-related discourse changed over the study period and stresses profound differences between federal and regional discourses.

scholarly journals Financing of investment activities of Russian energy enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Jamila Leontieva ◽  
Ludmila Tarasova ◽  
Yulia Boiko ◽  
Eugenia Zaugarova
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
Existing Structure ◽  
Intensive Development

The experience of the last decade in the formation of the existing structure of the national economy of Russia shows that in changing conditions, the relevance of reassessing the role of the fuel and energy complex (hereinafter – the FEC) in the foreign economic relations is growing in Russia. In addition, the FEC is of great importance for the Russian Federation not only from the point of view of foreign economic activity, but also from the point of view of the country's internal energy needs and the energy security of Russia as a whole, which necessitates a qualitative transformation, intensive development and diversification of this sphere. A key factor in the financial support of Russian energy companies is international leasing. The article presents the results of the study of legal, customs and tax aspects of regulating an international financial lease agreement (leasing), the current trends in leasing development.

STRATEGIC PROBLEMS OF NONCOMMERCIAL SECTOR IN SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION (REGIONAL SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Кожевина ◽  
Olga Kozhevina ◽  
Тонжеракова ◽  
Altynay Tonzherakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Regional System ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

In article results of research of mechanisms of sustainable social and economic development of the region, influence of a role of noncommercial sector, in particular, of regional system of professional education, are presented to realization of strategic tasks. Object of supervision Altai Republic – the cross-border region is chosen, one of which stability conditions is the ecological focused economic activity. The system of professional education is urged to provide needs of economy of the region for knowledge and competences. By results of the conducted research the main directions of development of the social sphere of the region are proved, the procedural mechanism of realization of actions and projects of strategy of development of professional education is developed, parameters of efficiency of regional comprehensive programs of development of professional education are determined.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Glutathione in the Hippocampus after Brain Ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7765
Author(s):  
Youichirou Higashi ◽  
Takaaki Aratake ◽  
Takahiro Shimizu ◽  
Shogo Shimizu ◽  
Motoaki Saito
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Thiol Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Cysteine Uptake

Stroke is a major cause of death worldwide, leading to serious disability. Post-ischemic injury, especially in the cerebral ischemia-prone hippocampus, is a serious problem, as it contributes to vascular dementia. Many studies have shown that in the hippocampus, ischemia/reperfusion induces neuronal death through oxidative stress and neuronal zinc (Zn2+) dyshomeostasis. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in protecting neurons against oxidative stress as a major intracellular antioxidant. In addition, the thiol group of GSH can function as a principal Zn2+ chelator for the maintenance of Zn2+ homeostasis in neurons. These lines of evidence suggest that neuronal GSH levels could be a key factor in post-stroke neuronal survival. In neurons, excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) is involved in the influx of cysteine, and intracellular cysteine is the rate-limiting substrate for the synthesis of GSH. Recently, several studies have indicated that cysteine uptake through EAAC1 suppresses ischemia-induced neuronal death via the promotion of hippocampal GSH synthesis in ischemic animal models. In this article, we aimed to review and describe the role of GSH in hippocampal neuroprotection after ischemia/reperfusion, focusing on EAAC1.

The digitalization of transport infrastructure as the key factor of innovation and investment development of the region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vitalyevna Rachek ◽  
Nina Fridrichovna Sirina ◽  
Yana Vladimirovna Khomenko ◽  
Ivan Nikolayevich Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Key Factor
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document