scholarly journals Pulmonary Dirofilariasis with Serologic Study on Familial Infection with Dirofilaria immitis

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro MORI ◽  
Yasunobu HIROTSU ◽  
Akira MIZOGUCHI ◽  
Masaharu KAWABATA ◽  
Fukumi NAKAMURA-UCHIYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Pulmonary Dirofilariasis ◽  
Familial Infection

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G Antibodies against the Endosymbionts of Filarial Nematodes (Wolbachia) in Patients with Pulmonary Dirofilariasis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Simón ◽  
G. Prieto ◽  
R. Morchón ◽  
C. Bazzocchi ◽  
C. Bandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Bacterial Endosymbiont ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Pulmonary Dirofilariasis ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

ABSTRACT The dog parasite Dirofilaria immitis can infect humans. Patients with pulmonary dirofilariasis were tested for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the surface protein of Wolbachia, the bacterial endosymbiont of D. immitis. These patients showed significantly higher IgG titers than healthy individuals from areas in which D. immitis was endemic as well as areas in which it was not endemic. Titration of anti-Wolbachia surface protein IgG could become useful for diagnostic applications.

scholarly journals Human pulmonary dirofilariasis: a review

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosângela Rodrigues-Silva ◽  
Hércules Moura ◽  
Cerusa Dreyer ◽  
Luiz Rey
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
True Prevalence ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Pulmonary Dirofilariasis ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Pulmonary Neoplasia

The authors presented a detailed summary of the geographical distribution, clinical and pathological aspects of human pulmonary dirofilariasis. Although benign, this zoonosis, of which Dirofilaria immitis is the major etiological agent, represents a medical problem since it produces symptoms which may be confused with neoplasia and thus may subject patients to unnecessary thoracic surgery. Of 229 cases cited in the literature, only 17 were reported in Brazil, despite the existence of highly favorable conditions for the transmission of this infection in man. Thus it may well be that this parasitic infection remains underdiagnosed. Finally, the importance of a differential diagnosis between dirofilariasis and pulmonary neoplasia is emphasized in cases where there is a solitary subpleural nodule ("coin lesion") present. In addition, the development and improvement of modern immunological diagnostic techniques are essential to distinguish this benign disease from other pathological conditions and thus avoid unneccessary surgery. These techniques may reveal the true prevalence of this parasitic infection in our environment.

Zoonotic Dirofilaria immitis infections in a province of Northern Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MORCHÓN ◽  
I. MOYA ◽  
J. GONZÁLEZ-MIGUEL ◽  
M. N. MONTOYA ◽  
F. SIMÓN
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Ebro Valley ◽  
Human Dirofilariasis ◽  
Pulmonary Dirofilariasis ◽  
La Rioja ◽  
First Time ◽  
Valley River

SUMMARYDirofilaria immitis is the causal agent of canine and feline cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis. Moreover, the existence of canine dirofilariasis implies a risk for human populations living in an endemic area in which, the parasite can cause pulmonary dirofilariasis. The Spanish epidemiological situation is not well understood, lacking data from many central and Northern provinces. In our study, epidemiological data on canine and human dirofilariasis for La Rioja (Northern Spain) have been obtained for the first time. The overall prevalence of D. immitis in dogs was 12% (9% of patent and 3% of occult infections), being 11·6% the seroprevalence of human residents in this province. The geographic distribution of both canine and human D. immitis infections in La Rioja is restricted to humid and irrigated areas near the Ebro Valley River, being absent in the rest of the province where hills and mountains predominate.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

Smooth Muscle Proliferation in Chronically Injured Canine Pulmonary Arteries Is Reduced by a Potent Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor U-53,059

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Schaub ◽  
James C Keith ◽  
Carol A Simmons ◽  
Clarence A Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Endothelial Cell Loss ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Smooth Muscle Proliferation ◽  
Aggregation Inhibitor

Summary Dirofilaria immitis (DI) infection chronically injures canine pulmonary arteries. This injury produces endothelial cell loss, platelet/leukocyte adhesion, and smooth muscle proliferation. In the present study we assessed the effect of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, U-53,059, on platelet function, platelet kinetics, coagulation, and smooth muscle proliferation in DI infected dogs.Platelet aggregation to the combination of arachidonic acid/ ADP was significantly inhibited by U-53,059. Coagulation and hematologic parameters were not effected by either DI infection or U-53,059 treatment. Platelet survival and the number of platelet dense granules were reduced in DI infection. Quantification of the lesions demonstrated that U-53,059 reduced both severity and density compared to non-treated dogs. U-53,059 is a potent and effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation which modifies smooth muscle proliferation produced by chronic vascular injury.

PREVALENCE OF CERTAIN VIRAL DISEASES AND DIROFILARIA IMMITIS INFECTION IN STRAY DOGS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Canine Influenza

Background: Stray and pet dogs constitute the dog population in Bangladesh without any established dog statistics. Diseases of dogs are not only associated with morbidity and mortality in dogs but also associated with human health problems as zoonotic diseases. Inland reports on the prevalence of dog diseases are limited in Bangladesh and there is need to investigate diseases in both stray and pet dog populations. Objectives: The main objective is to determine the prevalence of Canine distemper (CD), Canine adenovirus- 1 (CAV-1), CAV-2, Canine influenza (CI) and Dirofilaria immitis (Heart worm infection = HWI) infection in stray dogs in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Blood, ocular and nasal samples were collected from each of 30 randomly caught stray dogs (11 male and 19 female) and of different ages, including growing (n = 3) and adult (n = 27) dogs in the district of Mymensingh in Bangladesh from January to June 2010. These samples were tested by using Antigen Test Kits (RapiGEN Inc, Korea). Results: All the 30 stray dogs showed negative results to CD, CAV-1 and CAV-2, whereas an overall high prevalence of CI (4/30; 13.33%) and HWI (15/30; 50.0%) were recorded. The higher prevalence of CI was recorded in growing (n = 2/3; 66.67%) than adult (n = 2/27; 7.41%) but it did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between male (n = 2/11; 18.18%) and female (n = 2/19; 10.53%) dogs. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence of D. immitis infection was recorded in adult (n = 15/27; 55.56%) than growing (0/3; 0.0%), male (n = 8/11; 72.73%) than female (n = 7/19; 36.84%) dogs. Conclusions: Further studies on CI and D. immitis are necessary on a large population of stray and pet small animals along with humans to ascertain their importance on health and zoonotic significance in Bangladesh. Key words: Viral diseases, Dirofilariasis, Stray dogs, Antigen test kits

Dirofilaria immitis: Heartworm Products Contract Rat Trachea in Vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Collins ◽  
J.F. Williams ◽  
L. Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Rat Trachea

scholarly journals A rapid, parasite-dependent cellular response to Dirofilaria immitis in the Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Evans ◽  
Katherine M. Day ◽  
Yi Chu ◽  
Bridget Garner ◽  
Kaori Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Filarial Parasite ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Background The Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus) has long been recognized as a permissive host for the filarial parasite Brugia malayi; however, it is nonpermissive to another filarial parasite, canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis). By elucidating differences in the early response to infection, we sought to identify mechanisms involved in the species-specific clearance of these parasites. We hypothesized that the early clearance of D. immitis in intraperitoneal infection of the jird is immune mediated and parasite species dependent. Methods Jird peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) were isolated and their attachment to parasite larvae assessed in vitro under various conditions: D. immitis and B. malayi cultured separately, co-culture of both parasites, incubation before addition of cells, culture of heat-killed parasites, and culture with PECs isolated from jirds with mature B. malayi infection. The cells attaching to larvae were identified by immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro cell attachment to live D. immitis was high (mean = 99.6%) while much lower for B. malayi (mean = 5.56%). This species-specific attachment was also observed when both filarial species were co-cultured, with no significant change from controls (U(9, 14) = 58.5, p = 0.999). When we replicated these experiments with PECs derived from jirds subcutaneously infected with B. malayi, the results were similar (99.4% and 4.72% of D. immitis and B. malayi, respectively, exhibited cell attachment). Heat-killing the parasites significantly reduced cell attachment to D. immitis (mean = 71.9%; U(11, 14) = 7.5, p < 0.001) while increasing attachment to B. malayi (mean = 16.7%; U(9, 15) = 20, p = 0.002). Cell attachment to both species was reduced when larvae were allowed a 24-h pre-incubation period prior to the addition of cells. The attaching cells were identified as macrophages by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions These results suggest a strongly species-dependent response from which B. malayi could not confer protection by proxy in co-culture. The changes in cell attachment following heat-killing and pre-incubation suggest a role for excretory/secretory products in host immune evasion and/or antigenicity. The nature of this attachment is the subject of ongoing study and may provide insight into filarial host specificity.

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