scholarly journals Experimental study on using commercial membranes for treatment of wastewater generated by collagen production

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Mirela Alina Constantin ◽  
Lucian Alexandru Constantin ◽  
Ion Viorel Patroescu ◽  
Gheorghe Batrinescu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Collagen Production ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Collagen production is generating wastewater with high organic loading. This type of wastewater is still containing valuable compounds that can be reused in other applications. In order to investigate the possibility to recover and reuse these compounds the membrane based processes were investigated. Four types of commercial available membranes were characterised and then used to recover the proteins. The results proved that membrane based processes represent a viable alternative to treatment of wastewater generated by collagen production facilities when recovery of valuable compounds is envisaged. It has to be stressed that on the other hand only membrane processes do not assure too reach the quality norms imposed by the legislation for treated wastewater discharge into sewerage systems or natural receivers. Therefore, when proteins recovery and reuse is wanted, the membrane processes represent only the first step of wastewater treatment and should be followed by biological processes in order to obtain the organic loading quality indicators required for wastewater treatment plants discharges.

The performance of the waste stabilisation pond system at Boujaad, Morocco

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yagoubi ◽  
L. Echihabi ◽  
A. Foutlane ◽  
L. Bourchich ◽  
J. Jellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Raw Wastewater

The wastewater stabilisation ponds system of the city of Boujaâd was constructed and put into operation in 1992. The two main objectives of this plant are the prevention of pollution of water resources and the environment by means of wastewater discharges as well as the saving of fresh water by means of reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes. Within the period of March 1997 to March 1998 a comprehensive analysis campaign of both the raw and the treated wastewater at a number of different sampling points has been carried out in order to evaluate the treatment efficiency of this wastewater treatment plant.The results of these investigations showed an average raw wastewater flow of 1600 m3/d, which is well below the design flow of 2500 m3/d. With respect to the physico-chemical treated wastewater quality and in comparison with the French treated wastewater standards (1980) these results indicated that 90 % of the wastewater samples showed BOD5-figures below the quoted French standard, whereas 83 % of the samples showed COD-figures above the corresponding French treated wastewater standard. With average treated wastewater suspended solids contents of 56 mg/l the suspended solids removal rate has been determined as being in the range of 65 %. If compared to the anticipated Moroccan wastewater standards for direct wastewater discharge into receiving water bodies as stipulated in the Moroccan Standards Project the obtained wastewater analysis results showed COD- and BOD5 values below these foreseen Moroccan wastewater discharge standards. The analysis results of SS, TKN and total phosphorus (Ptot) showed figures slightly above these Moroccan standards. In view of the microbiological wastewater characteristics the treated effluents of the Boujaâd WSP respond to the WHO directive with respect to wastewater to be used for restricted irrigation (category B). Taking into consideration the CEC directive for wastewater generated by wastewater treatment plants and discharged to the environment, the efficiency of the Boujaâd WSP is relatively low with respect to the SS-removal, the removal of organic matter (expressed by BOD5 and COD) as well as the removal of nutrients (expressed by TKN and Ptot). This relatively low efficiency might basically be caused by the already highly diluted incoming raw wastewater, which again is caused by the effect of significant infiltration of groundwater into the sewerage network. Besides the evaluation of the overall treatment efficiency, detailed investigations of the performance of individual ponds have been carried out as well.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Process in Disinfection and Advanced Treatment of Tertiary Treated Wastewater

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Rafał Tytus Bray ◽  
Katarzyna Jankowska ◽  
Eliza Kulbat ◽  
Aneta Łuczkiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Sokołowska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper presents the results of research on the use of ultrafiltration, using membranes of 200 and 400 kDa separation, for disinfection of municipal treated wastewater. The research was conducted on a fractional technical scale using real municipal treated wastewater from two large wastewater treatment plants treating most of the wastewater over the one-million polycentric Gdańsk agglomeration (1.2 million inhabitants). UF 200 kDa and UF 400 kDa processes enabled further improvement of the physical and chemical parameters of treated wastewater. Total phosphorus (to below 0.2 mg/L–UF 200 kDa, 0.13 mg/L–UF 400 kDa) and turbid substances (to below 0.2 mg/L, both membranes) were removed in the highest degree. COD was reduced efficiently (to below 25.6 mgO2/L–UF 200 kDa, 26.8 mgO2/L–UF 400 kDa), while total nitrogen was removed to a small extent (to 7.12 mg/L–UF 200 kDa and 5.7 mg/L–UF 400 kDa. Based on the reduction of indicator bacteria; fecal coliforms including E. coli (FC) and fecal enterococci (FE) it was found that the ultrafiltration is an effective method of disinfection. Not much indicator bacterial were observed in the permeate after processes (UF 200 kDa; FC—5 CFU/L; FE—1 CFU/L and UF 400 kDa; FC—70 CFU/L; FE—10 CFU/L. However, microscopic analysis of prokaryotic cells and virus particles showed their presence after the application of both membrane types; TCN 3.0 × 102 cells/mL–UF 200 kDa, 5.0 × 103 cells/mL–UF 400 kDa, VP 1.0 × 105/mL. The presence of potentially pathogenic, highly infectious virus particles means that ultrafiltration cannot be considered a sufficient disinfection method for treated wastewater diverted for reuse or discharged from high load wastewater treatment plants to recreational areas. For full microbiological safety it would be advisable to apply an additional disinfection method (e.g., ozonation).

Detection and molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus in treated wastewater in the Brazilian Federal District

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. C. Quintão ◽  
F. G. Silva ◽  
A. L. Pereira ◽  
W. N. Araújo ◽  
P. M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Enteric Adenovirus ◽  
Enteric Adenoviruses

AbstractHuman enteric viruses, such as enteric adenoviruses (HAdV), are known to be involved with gastrointestinal disorders, especially acute gastroenteritis. Several studies have used HAdV as an indicator of water quality, since they are considered highly stable and widely distributed viruses in water matrices. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype HAdVs in water matrices impacted by discharges of treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Wastewater treatment plants from the sanitary system of the Brazilian Federal District were assessed in 2018 and 2019. Samples were collected upstream and downstream from discharge points for each WWTP. Viral concentration based on adsorption-elution and conventional PCR was used for molecular detection, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Pluviosity data for the period in which the samples were collected were obtained. Our results demonstrated the presence of HAdVs in 27.2% (61/224) of the samples. The positivity was significantly higher in downstream samples compared to upstream. Moreover, the HAdV positivity was higher in downstream samples collected from receiving water bodies impacted by secondary-level WWTPs in comparison with those impacted by tertiary-level WWTPs. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of genotypes 40 and 41, with prevalence of HAdV genotype 41. Despite the predominance of HAdV-41, an increasing frequency of the HAdV-40 was associated with higher pluviosity. In conclusion, this study is the first documentation in the Brazilian Federal District dealing with the prevalence and diversity of HAdVs in several WWTP, along with their correlation with rainfall index.

scholarly journals Potentially Infectious Novel Hepatitis A Virus Strains Detected in Selected Treated Wastewater Discharge Sources, South Africa

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Saïd Rachida ◽  
Maureen Beatrice Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Amino Acid Mutations

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a waterborne pathogen of public health importance. In South Africa (SA), unique HAV subgenotype IB strains have been detected in surface and wastewater samples, as well as on fresh produce at the point of retail. However, due to the use of molecular-based assays, the infectivity of the detected strains was unknown. Considering the potential shift of HAV endemicity from high to intermediate, which could increase the risk of severe symptomatic disease, this study investigated the identity of HAV strains detected before and after viability treatment of selected wastewater discharge samples. For one year, 118 samples consisting of sewage, treated wastewater discharge and downstream dam water were collected from five wastewater treatment plants (WWTP 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). Unique HAV IB strains were detected in samples from all five WWTPs, with 11 of these strains carrying amino acid mutations at the immunodominant and neutralisation epitopes. A quasispecies dynamic of HAV has also been detected in sewage samples. The subsequent application of viability PCR revealed that potentially infectious HAV strains were discharged from WWTP 1, 2, 4 and 5 into the dam. Therefore, there is a potential risk of HAV exposure to communities using water sources downstream the WWTPs.

Understanding the fate of nano-plastics in wastewater treatment plants and their removal using membrane processes

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 131430
Author(s):  
Anika Amir Mohana ◽  
S.M. Farhad ◽  
Nawshad Haque ◽  
Biplob Kumar Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Membrane Processes

Possible impact of treated wastewater discharge on incidence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in river water

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Iwane ◽  
T. Urase ◽  
K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Escherichia coli and coliform group bacteria resistant to seven antibiotics were investigated in the Tama River, a typical urbanized river in Tokyo, Japan, and at a wastewater treatment plant located on the river. The percentages of antibiotic resistance in the wastewater effluent were, in most cases, higher than the percentages in the river water, which were observed increasing downstream. Since the possible increase in the percentages in the river was associated with treated wastewater discharges, it was concluded that the river, which is contaminated by treated wastewater with many kinds of pollutants, is also contaminated with antibiotic resistant coliform group bacteria and E.coli. The percentages of resistant bacteria in the wastewater treatment plant were mostly observed decreasing during the treatment process. It was also demonstrated that the percentages of resistance in raw sewage are significantly higher than those in the river water and that the wastewater treatment process investigated in this study works against most of resistant bacteria in sewage.

scholarly journals Biological Activity of Wastewater Assessed Using in Vitro Cell-Based Assays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamo R. Petosa ◽  
Monica Nowierski ◽  
Viviane Yargeau
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Receiving Waters

Abstract Bioanalytical tools, namely in vitro bioassays, can be employed in tandem with chemical analyses to assess the efficacy of wastewater treatment and the potential for adverse effects from the discharges of wastewater into receiving waters. In the present study, samples of untreated wastewater (i.e. influent) and treated wastewater (i.e. effluent) were collected from two wastewater treatment plants and a wastewater treatment lagoon serving municipalities in southern Ontario, Canada. In addition, grab samples of surface water were collected downstream of the lagoon discharge. After solid phase extraction (SPE) using ion-exchange columns for basic/neutral and acidic compounds, respectively, the extracts were analyzed for a suite of 16 indicator compounds. The two SPE extracts were combined for analysis of biological responses in four in vitro cell-based bioassays. The concentrations of several indicator compounds, including the estrogens, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol, were below the limits of detection. However, androstenedione and estrone were detected in several influent samples. The concentrations of these steroid hormones and some of the other indicator compounds declined during treatment but acesulfame K, carbamazepine, trimethoprim and DEET persisted in the effluent. The MTS- CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) indicated that cell viability was not affected by exposure to the extracts. The Qiagen Nuclear Receptors 10-Pathway Reporter Array indicated that several cellular pathways were upregulated, with the greatest upregulation observed with the estrogen receptor (i.e. induction ratios 12 to 47) and the liver X receptor (i.e. induction ratios 10 to 45). The ERα CALUX assay indicated that estrogenic activity was lower in effluents compared to influents, with the greatest estrogenic activity observed for grab samples of influent from the lagoon (i.e. 56-215 ng L-1 17β-estradiol equivalents). Finally, the results of the Nrf2 Luciferase Luminescence Assay indicated a lower oxidative stress in the effluent samples. Overall, the present study demonstrates that chemical analyses are limited in their ability to predict or explain reductions in the toxicity of treated wastewater. There are thus advantages to using a combination of chemical analyses and in vitro bioassays to monitor the treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants and to predict the potential impacts of wastewater discharges into receiving waters.

scholarly journals Sewer Mining as a Distributed Intervention for Water-Energy-Materials in the Circular Economy Suitable for Dense Urban Environments: A Real World Demonstration in the City of Athens

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2764
Author(s):  
Argyro Plevri ◽  
Klio Monokrousou ◽  
Christos Makropoulos ◽  
Christos Lioumis ◽  
Nikolaos Tazes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Plant Nursery

Water reuse and recycling is gaining momentum as a way to improve the circularity of cities, while recognizing the central role of water within a circular economy (CE) context. However, such interventions often depend on the location of wastewater treatment plants and the treatment technologies installed in their premises, while relying on an expensive piped network to ensure that treated wastewater gets transported from the treatment plant to the point of demand. Thus, the penetration level of treated wastewater as a source of non-potable supply in dense urban environments is limited. This paper focuses on the demonstration of a sewer mining (SM) unit as a source of treated wastewater, as part of a larger and more holistic configuration that examines all three ‘streams’ associated with water in CE: water, energy and materials. The application area is the Athens Plant Nursery, in the (water stressed) city of Athens, Greece. SM technology is in fact a mobile wastewater treatment unit in containers able to extract wastewater from local sewers, treat it directly and reuse at the point of demand even in urban environments with limited space. The unit consists of a membrane bioreactor unit (MBR) and a UV disinfection unit and produces high quality reclaimed water for irrigation and also for aquifer recharge during the winter. Furthermore, a short overview of the integrated nutrient and energy recovery subsystem is presented in order to conceptualise the holistic approach and circularity of the whole configuration. The SM technology demonstrates flexibility, scalability and replicability, which are important characteristics for innovation uptake within the emerging CE context and market.

scholarly journals Emerging Compounds in Mexico: Challenges for Their Identification and Elimination in Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gustavo Ronderos-Lara ◽  
Hugo Saldarriaga-Noreña ◽  
Pedro Guillermo Reyes-Romero ◽  
Luis Alberto Chávez-Almazán ◽  
Josefina Vergara-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Emerging Compounds ◽  
Concentration Levels

In recent years, the presence of organic pollutants has received great attention due to their effects on public health and biota. Within this set of compounds, a new range of compounds that are characterized by their high persistence and low degradation have been identified, called Emerging Compounds. Emerging pollutants include a wide variety of products for daily use of different structures, domestic and industrial applications, such as: pesticides, industrial and personal hygiene products, hormones, and drugs, most of which are toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative. A characteristic of these types of pollutants is that current wastewater treatment plants are unable to remove them; they are designed to remove organic matter and nutrients in higher concentrations. In Mexico there is little information on the concentration levels of these compounds, due to the lack of public policies aimed at providing resources to institutions and researchers trained to carry out this type of study. On the other hand, the technological infrastructure of the wastewater treatment plants is insufficient for the country’s demand. This situation represents one of the greatest challenges for the authorities responsible for the management of water resources, in the immediate time if it is intended to preserve said resource and therefore take care of the health of the population.

scholarly journals Bio-Methanol Production Using Treated Domestic Wastewater with Mixed Methanotroph Species and Anaerobic Digester Biogas

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Tae Kim ◽  
Young-Seok Yoo ◽  
Young-Han Yoon ◽  
Ye-Eun Lee ◽  
Jun-Ho Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The development of cost-effective methods, which generate minimal chemical wastewater, for methanol production is an important research goal. In this study, treated wastewater (TWW) was utilized as a culture solution for methanol production by mixed methanotroph species as an alternative to media prepared from commercial or chemical agents, e.g., nitrate mineral salts medium. Furthermore, a realistic alternative for producing methanol in wastewater treatment plants using biogas from anaerobic digestion was proposed. By culturing mixed methanotroph species with nitrate and phosphate-supplemented TWW in municipal wastewater treatment plants, this study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of biogas generated from the sludge digester of municipal wastewater treatment plants. NaCl alone inhibited methanol dehydrogenase and the addition of 40 mM formate as an electron donor increased methanol production to 6.35 mM. These results confirmed that this practical energy production method could enable cost-effective methanol production. As such, methanol produced in wastewater treatment plants can be used as an eco-friendly energy and carbon source for biological denitrification, which can be an alternative to reducing the expenses required for the waste water treatment process.

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