Resveratrol, a Molecule with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Activities: Natural Product to Chemical Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Yu-Chia Chang ◽  
Kuei-Hung Lai ◽  
Tsong-Long Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Natural Polyphenol ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Related Compounds

Background: Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol product, is used in plant defense from fungal and microbial aggression. It is found naturally, especially in plants such as grapes, peanuts, and berries. It has the highest concentrations in blueberries, mulberries, blackberries, and the skin of red grapes. Resveratrol has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antineoplastic activities. Methods: We conducted a literature survey using standard tools such as Google, Reaxys, Scifinder, Scihub, and patent Espacenet to compile the biosynthetic pathways, all organic synthetic methods, and biological activities reported for resveratrol till date. Results: More than one hundred research articles and patents were referred to write this review. About twenty-five of them are related to chemical synthesis, and the rests are about the source, pharmacological activity, and other properties of resveratrol. This study reveals that many common pathways are involved in various pharmacological activities, which can be useful for treating various diseases based on the pathways involved. Reactions such as Pfitzner-Moffatt oxidation, WittigHorner condensation, Mizoroki–Heck, Perkin, Wittig, etc. have been used in resveratrol synthesis. A structure-activity relationship was also established based on its analogs and derivatives. Conclusion: This review examined and reported all the published biological activities and chemical syntheses of resveratrol apart from the biosynthetic pathway. Due to its valuable biological activities, various synthetic approaches have been reported till date. The reported synthetic operations are suitable for large-scale industrial production. Moreover, these comprehensive synthetic procedures could be utilized in the preparation of stilbenes and other related compounds in future endeavors.

scholarly journals An Overview on Medicinal Perspective and Biological Behavior of Benzotriazole; Synthetic Study on Its Multifaceted Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-378
Author(s):  
V. S. Anjana ◽  
P. Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Sar Studies ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Fungal

Benzotriazole (BTA) is a nitrogen containing heterocyclic derivative containing three nitrogen atoms at 1st, 2nd and 3rd positions with chemical formula C6H5N3. Benzotriazole and its derivatives have great significance in medicinal chemistry and these derivatives were used by several chemists for therapeutic conditions because it possessing a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including anti bacterial, anti fungal, anti viral, anti inflammatory, anti hyperglycemic, anti hypertensive, anti cancer and analgesic activity. In this review, different synthetic methods for the preparation of benzotriazole, importance of benzotriazole derivatives in biomedical research, highlighting its biological behavior, versatile activities and Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) studies are described. This review will help the researchers to understand the structure activity relationships and improvise the concepts in their research field. Keywords: Benzotriazole, Anti microbial, Anthelmintic, Analgesic, Anti mycobacterial, Anti viral, Anti oxidative, Anti tumor, Anti inflammatory, Anti hyperglycemia, Anti fungal, Anticonvulsant activity.

Diversity-Oriented Synthetic Approaches for Furoindoline: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Yagyesh Kapoor ◽  
Sundeep K. Manjal ◽  
Ravindra K. Rawal ◽  
Kapil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Tetrahydropyranyl Ether ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Synthetic Target

The furo [2,3-b] indoline ring system is one of the most important structural units in various natural products. It has been known to have inherent biological activities and is utilized as a synthetic target for a number of natural compounds; therefore, this has contributed to a great demand for the growth of synthetic methods for this ring system. Most important compounds with furoindoline ring system are physovenine, madindoline A and B and makomotindoline etc. These compounds are well known to exhibit biological activity against different diseases such as glaucoma, cancer, cachexia, Castleman’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The current article focuses on various synthetic approaches for furoindoline containing compounds and essential furoindoline moiety, such as oxindole-5-O-tetrahydropyranyl ether route etc., and various other diastereoand enantio- controlled approach in a very concise way.

Advances in Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Compounds Derived from Phthalimide

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-270
Author(s):  
Marcel L. Almeida ◽  
Maria C.V.A. Oliveira ◽  
Ivan R. Pitta ◽  
Marina G.R. Pitta
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sedative Effects ◽  
Phthalimide Derivative ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Phthalimide derivatives have been presenting several promising biological activities in the literature, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, antimicrobial and anticonvulsant. The most well-known and studied phthalimide derivative (isoindoline-1,3-dione) is thalidomide: this compound initially presented important sedative effects, but it is now known that thalidomide has effectiveness against a wide variety of diseases, including inflammation and cancer. This review approaches some of the recent and efficient chemical synthesis pathways to obtain phthalimide analogues and also presents a summary of the main biological activities of these derivatives found in the literature. Therefore, this review describes the chemical and therapeutic aspects of phthalimide derivatives.

Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and cancer: A Systematic Study of this Emerging Therapeutic Approach based on Chemical and Pharmacological Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1102-1116
Author(s):  
Sudip Kumar Mandal ◽  
Utsab Debnath ◽  
Amresh Kumar ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Subhash Chandra Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Drug Discovery ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Drug Discovery Program ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Family Based

Background and Introduction: Sesquiterpene lactones are a class of secondary metabolite that contains sesquiterpenoids and lactone ring as pharmacophore moiety. A large group of bioactive secondary metabolites such as phytopharmaceuticals belong to this category. From the Asteraceae family-based medicinal plants, more than 5,000 sesquiterpene lactones have been reported so far. Sesquiterpene lactone-based pharmacophore moieties hold promise for broad-spectrum biological activities against cancer, inflammation, parasitic, bacterial, fungal, viral infection and other functional disorders. Moreover, these moiety based phytocompounds have been highlighted with a new dimension in the natural drug discovery program worldwide after the 2015 Medicine Nobel Prize achieved by the Artemisinin researchers. Objective: These bitter substances often contain an α, β-unsaturated-γ-lactone as a major structural backbone, which in recent studies has been explored to be associated with anti-tumor, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory action. Recently, the use of sesquiterpene lactones as phytomedicine has been increased. This study will review the prospect of sesquiterpene lactones against inflammation and cancer. Methods: Hence, we emphasized on the different features of this moiety by incorporating its structural diversity on biological activities to explore structure-activity relationships (SAR) against inflammation and cancer. Results: How the dual mode of action such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer has been exhibitedby these phytopharmaceuticals will be forecasted in this study. Furthermore, the correlation of anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity executed by the sesquiterpene lactones for fruitful phytotherapy will also be revealed in the present review in the milieu of pharmacophore activity relation and pharmacodynamics study as well. Conclusion: So, these metabolites are paramount in phytopharmacological aspects. The present discussion on the future prospect of this moiety based on the reported literature could be a guide for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug discovery programs for the upcoming researchers.

Chemical Diversity of Volatile Macrocylic Lactones from Frogs

Synlett ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schulz ◽  
Dennis Poth ◽  
Pardha Saradhi Peram ◽  
Susann Hötling ◽  
Markus Menke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Epoxide Opening ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Unsaturated Lactones ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

AbstractFor a long time, frogs were believed to communicate primarily via the acoustic channel, but during the last decades it became obvious that various lineages also use chemical communication. In this Account we present our research on the identification of volatile lactones from Madagascan Mantellidae and African Hyperoliidae frogs. Both possess male specific glands that can disseminate a range of volatile compounds. Key constituents are macrocyclic lactones. They show high variability in structure and occurrence. We focus here on the synthetic approaches we have used to clarify constitution and configuration of the glandular compounds. Key synthetic methods are ring-closing metathesis and nucleophilic epoxide opening. Often, but not always, the natural compounds occurs in amounts that excludes their investigation by NMR spectroscopy. Instead, we use GC/MS analysis, GC/IR, microreactions, and synthesis to identify such components. Several aspects of our work will be described giving some insight in our scientific approach.1 Introduction2 Macrocylic Lactones from the Fatty Acid Biosynthetic Pathway3 Unsaturated Lactones4 Terpenoid Lactones5 Macrolide Occurrence6 Conclusions

An Update on the Synthesis and Applications of Bis(Naphthoquinones): An Important Class of Molecules against Infectious Diseases and Other Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana da S. M. Forezi ◽  
Acácio S. de Souza ◽  
Carolina G. S. Lima ◽  
Amanda A. Borges ◽  
Patricia G. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
General Class ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

: Naphthoquinones are important molecules belonging to the general class of quinones, and many of these compounds have become drugs that are in the pharmaceutical market for the treatment of several diseases. A special subclass of compounds is that of the bis(naphthoquinones), which have two linked naphthoquinone units. In the last few years, several synthetic approaches toward such valuable compounds have been described, as well as their evaluation against numerous important biological targets. In this review, we provide a thorough discussion on the various synthetic methods reported for the synthesis of bis(naphthoquinone) analogues, also highlighting the biological activities of these substances.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Synthesis of 4-Arylcoumarins

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Wha Jung ◽  
Nam-Jung Kim ◽  
Hwayoung Yun ◽  
Young Han
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Metal Catalysis ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Privileged Scaffold ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

4-Arylcoumarins (4-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one), also known as neoflavones, comprise a minor subclass of naturally occurring flavonoids. Because of their broad-spectrum biological activities, arylcoumarins have been attracting the attention of the organic and medicinal chemistry communities, and are considered as an important privileged scaffold. Since the development of Pechmann condensation, a classical acid-catalyzed condensation between phenol and β-keto-carboxylic acid, several versatile and efficient synthetic approaches for 4-arylcoumarins have been reported. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis of the 4-arylcoumarin scaffold by classifying them based on the final bond-formation type. In particular, synthetic methods executed under mild and highly efficient conditions, such as solvent-free reactions and transition metal catalysis, are highlighted.

An Overview on Pyranocoumarins: Synthesis and Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 2679-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia-Eirini N. Vlachou ◽  
Konstantinos E. Litinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pyran Ring ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Anti Hiv

Pyrano- and dipyranocoumarins are classes of naturally occurring organic compounds with very interesting biological activities. This review focuses on the synthetic strategies for the synthesis of pyranocoumarins and dipyranocoumarins and the biological properties of those compounds. The synthesis involves the formation of the pyran ring, at first, from a coumarin or the formation of pyranone moiety from an existing pyran. Pyranocoumarins and dipyranocoumarins present anti-HIV, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory activities. Especially khellactones and calanolides are usually potent and selective in anti-HIV activity. Decursin and decursinol derivatives are effective as anticancer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antifungal agents.

Helenalin - A Sesquiterpene Lactone with Multidirectional Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Drogosz ◽  
Anna Janecka
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Minor Injuries

Sesquiterpene lactones, secondary metabolites of plants, present in a large number of species mostly from the Asteracea family, are used in the traditional medicine of many countries for the treatment of various pathological conditions. They exert a broad range of activities, including antiinflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties. The best-known sesquiterpene lactones which are already used as drugs or are used in clinical trials are artemisinin, thapsigargin and parthenolide. Yet another sesquiterpene lactone, helenalin, an active component of Arnica montana, known for its strong anti-inflammatory activity, has been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat minor injuries. Unfortunately, helenalin’s ability to cause allergic reactions and its toxicity to healthy tissues prevented so far the development of this sesquiterpene lactone as an anticancer or anti-inflammatory drug. Recently, the new interest in the biological properties, as well as in the synthesis of helenalin analogs has been observed. This review describes helenalin's major biological activities, molecular mechanisms of action, its toxicity and potential for further research.

Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Related Synthetic Analogs: An Update of Pharmacological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyoub Selka ◽  
Fanta J. Ndongou Moutombi ◽  
Jacques Jean-François ◽  
Mohamed Touaibia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Synthetic Analogs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: The hydroxycinnamic acid scaffold is extremely versatile with various biological activities. This review will highlight the progress of the biological activities of hydroxycinnamic acids and their related synthetic analogs, including recently reported anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.

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