Orthopedic Aspects of the Diabetic Foot

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1255-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira J.A. Tijdens-Creusen ◽  
Paul C. Jutte ◽  
Wim M.H.H. Schoumakers ◽  
Melanie M. Van der Klauw ◽  
Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Population ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Charcot Foot ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Medical Condition ◽  
Foot Problems

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common medical condition affecting more than 6% of the world population. Besides well-known pathology like diabetic retinopathy and renal insufficiency, it carries important orthopedic implications, especially around the foot and ankle (diabetic foot). Focus: This article focusses on the three major areas confronting the orthopedist: 1) changes in foot statics and biology leading to ulceration with or without osteomyelitis, 2) ankle fractures, particularly complications after a fracture and 3) Charcot foot. Their pathophysiology, clinical features, classification, diagnostic dilemmas and treatment options are discussed. Conclusion: DM is very common and is often associated with foot problems. Diabetic foot is a special condition that needs special attention. This article aims to provide the necessary knowledge to a better understanding and treatment of the diabetic foot.

Gestational Diabetes and Its Impact on the Neonate

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Jones
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Maternal Condition ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Common Medical Condition ◽  
The Impact

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a relatively common medical condition that was described as early as the nineteenth century. This article discusses the maternal and fetal pathophysiology and the impact of the maternal condition on the neonate. Fetal macrosomia and infant respiratory distress syndrome, cardiomyopathy, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, polycythemia, and hyperviscosity all can occur as a result of maternal hyperglycemia and are discussed in detail. Therapeutic approaches and treatment options for the mother, manifestations and diagnosis of the infant, and current research related to this condition are also included.

Mechanisms Involved in Glycemic Control Promoted by Exercise in Diabetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Francelino Andrade ◽  
Víviam de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Débora Ribeiro Orlando ◽  
Luciano José Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
World Population ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high glycemic levels for long periods. This disease has a high prevalence in the world population, being currently observed an increase in its incidence. This fact is mainly due to the sedentary lifestyle and hypercaloric diets. Non-pharmacological interventions for glycemic control include exercise, which promotes changes in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Thus, increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and decreased insulin resistance through modulating adipocytes are the main factors that improve glycemic control against diabetes. Conclusion: It was sought to elucidate mechanisms involved in the improvement of glycemic control in diabetics in front of the exercise.

scholarly journals FAKE (FOOT AND ANKLE EXERCISES) UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KOMPLIKASI PADA KAKI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI SURABAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ika Nur Pratiwi ◽  
Lailatun Ni'mah ◽  
Ika Yuni Widyawati ◽  
Lingga Curnia Dwi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Pendahuluan: Salah satu komplikasi penyakit diabetes melitus (DM) yang sering dijumpai adalah kaki diabetik (diabetic foot), yang dapat ber- manifestasikan sebagai ulkus, infeksi dan gangren dan artropati Charcot. Ada dua tindakan dalam prinsip dasar pengelolaan diabetic foot yaitu tindakan pencegahan dan tindakan rehabilitasi. Tindakan pencegahan meliputi edukasi perawatan kaki, sepatu diabetes dan senam kaki (Yudhi, 2009). Fake (Foot and Ankle Exercises) atau dikenal juga dengan senam kaki merupakan latihan yang dilakukan bagi penderita DM atau bukan penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya luka dan membantu melancarkan peredaran darah bagian kaki (Soebagio, 2011). Melakukan perawatan kaki secara teratur dapat mengurangi penyakit kaki diabetik sebesar 50-60%. Untuk meningkatkan vaskularisasi perawatan kaki dapat juga dilakukan dengan gerakan-gerakan kaki yang dikenal sebagai senam kaki diabetes (Black & Hawks, 2009; Smeltzer et al., 2010; Lewis et al., 2011). Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem memiliki jumlah kunjungan pasien dengan diabetes mellitus yang cukup tinggi di Surabaya. Berdasarakan data dari Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem dalam kurun waktu Januari-September 2017 jumlah kunjungan pasien dengan DM mencapai 2219 kasus.Metode: Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas yang akan menjadi tempat pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan senam kaki “Fake” (Foot and Ankle Exercises) sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap komplikasi pada kaki penderita Diabetes Mellitus Di Puskesmas Klampis Ngasem Surabaya sebanyak 30 orang pasien dengan DM. Peserta pengmas akan dilakukan kegiatan pre-test dan post-test dengan mengisi kuesioner pengetahuan dan kemampuan perawatan kaki pada penderita diabetes serta dilakukan pengukuran sirkulasi darah sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan menggunakan tensimeter di lengan dan kaki hingga diperoleh tekanan sistolik lengan dan kaki untuk pemeriksaan ankle brachial index (ABI).Hasil: Evaluasi Akhir Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat diperoleh bahwa pengetahuan penderita DM terhadap perawatan kaki yang menunjukkan peningkatan nilai rerata post test menjadi 70 dari nilai rerata pada pre test 49 terhadap 30 peserta DM. Sementara itu, didapatkan 18 orang memiliki skor ABI dengan interpretasi borderline perfusion (0,6-0,8) dan sisanya berada dalam rentang normal. Sedangkan setelah dilakukan latihan jasmani berupa senam kaki didapatkan 6 orang masih memiliki skor ABI rentang 0,6-0,8 dengan interpretasi borderline perfusion dan 24 orang berada dalam rentang normal dengan skor ABI 0,9-1,3. Kesimpulan: Diharapkan informasi yang telah disampaikan dalam modul dapat dijadikan panduan dalam memantau penatalaksanaan perawatan kaki pada diabetes mellitus serta Kegiatan senam kaki ini dapat dilakukan secara teratur dirumah dan gerakannya disesuaikan dengan kemampuan tubuh.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Spa Implementation in Early Neuropathy Diagnosis Based on Blood Glucose Levels, Foot Sensitivity and the Ankle Brachial Index in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Erika Martining Wardani ◽  
Chilyatiz Zahroh ◽  
Nur Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Foot Problems

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a cause of morbidity mainly due to vascular complications. The prevention of diabetic foot problems can be done through metabolic control and foot exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes foot spa measures on blood glucose levels, foot sensitivity and the ankle brachial index.Methods: This research was a pre-experimental design. The population totaled 170 DM patients and the sample was finalized at 30 respondents. The independent variable was diabetic foot spa, while the dependent variables were blood glucose levels, blood sensitivity and the ankle brachial index. The data was analyzed using a t-test and Wilcoxon rank test.Results: Diabetic foot spa in early neuropathy detection testing has a blood glucose level of t=9.523 and a p value=0.000. Diabetic foot spa also significantly affects foot sensitivity with a ρ <α (0.001<0.05) and an ankle brachial index of (ABI) ρ<α (0.008 < 0.05).Conclusion: Diabetic foot spa conducted regularly and independently can reduce the level of complications in Diabetes Mellitus patients. Furthermore, the tingling and pain in the feet can be reduced or even disappear as well as preventing complications such as foot ulcers that can often become amputations.

Recent advances in biomaterials for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1962-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa N. Kasiewicz ◽  
Kathryn A. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
World Today ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The World

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most challenging epidemics facing the world today, with over 300 million patients affected worldwide.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Spa Implementation in Early Neuropathy Diagnosis Based on Blood Glucose Levels, Foot Sensitivity and the Ankle Brachial Index in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Erika Martining Wardani ◽  
Chilyatiz Zahroh ◽  
Nur Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Foot Problems

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a cause of morbidity mainly due to vascular complications. The prevention of diabetic foot problems can be done through metabolic control and foot exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes foot spa measures on blood glucose levels, foot sensitivity and the ankle brachial index.Methods: This research was a pre-experimental design. The population totaled 170 DM patients and the sample was finalized at 30 respondents. The independent variable was diabetic foot spa, while the dependent variables were blood glucose levels, blood sensitivity and the ankle brachial index. The data was analyzed using a t-test and Wilcoxon rank test.Results: Diabetic foot spa in early neuropathy detection testing has a blood glucose level of t=9.523 and a p value=0.000. Diabetic foot spa also significantly affects foot sensitivity with a ρ <α (0.001<0.05) and an ankle brachial index of (ABI) ρ<α (0.008 < 0.05).Conclusion: Diabetic foot spa conducted regularly and independently can reduce the level of complications in Diabetes Mellitus patients. Furthermore, the tingling and pain in the feet can be reduced or even disappear as well as preventing complications such as foot ulcers that can often become amputations.

scholarly journals Effect of Ayurvedic Churnam on the Elevated Blood Sugars by Stz Drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Ramesh M ◽  
Vincent Vidyasagar J ◽  
Tharun Kumar G ◽  
Akhila C R
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
World Population ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
The World

Diabetes Mellitus shortly called as DM is a metabolic disorder which is due to the improper secretion of the insulin by the pancreas. The insensitivity in the reuptake of insulin also causes diabetes. This increases the blood glucose level and affects physiological functions. The majority of the population that is suffering from DM are generally obese or following unhealthy lifestyle habits. There are about half of the world population is suffering from DM and related complications. DM secondary complications include nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy and vascular complications like PVD and PAD. Considering the activity of herbs and the safety of the same, an ayurvedic formulation was prepared using herbs, and the same is investigated for the antidiabetic activity. The ayurvedic formulation that is designed in the study is an ayurvedic churnam preparation out of the texts of the Ayurveda books. The polyherbal churnam that is prepared showed a significantly better activity compared to the standard drug and the marketed ayurvedic formulation too. The higher dose of the extract showed higher activity compared to the lower dose of the preparation.

scholarly journals Diabetes and Ramadan

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moomin Hussain Bhat ◽  
Ovais Ahmad Peerzada ◽  
Shariq Rashid Masoodi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
World Population ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
The World ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Islamic Faith ◽  
The Individual

The holy month of Ramadan is the 9th month of the Muslim calendar wherein Muslims all over the world observe daylight fasting as one of the five pillars of the Islamic faith. As per a recent estimate, there are 1.8–2 billion Muslims worldwide, comprising 18–25% of the world population. Fasting during the month of Ramadan is an obligatory duty for all healthy, adult Muslims, although there are exemptions for people with serious medical conditions, like those with diabetes. Fasting is not meant to create an undue hardship on the Muslim individual. The Quran particularly exempts the sick from the duty of fasting (Holy Quran, Al-Bakarah, 183– 185), especially if there is a potential to the individual because of fasting. Nevertheless, many patients with diabetes mellitus insist on fasting during Ramadan, thereby creating a medical challenge for themselves and their physicians.

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