Study on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about AIDS among undergraduates of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Zhao ◽  
Xiaochen Xiang ◽  
Kaiwen Guo ◽  
Xiaoliu Liu ◽  
Jue Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Moral Concept ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Background: The prevention of AIDS among undergraduates in Wuhan is imminent. To establish correct moral concept and cultivate a healthy way of life are important strategies for undergraduates in AIDS prevention. Methods: This study was inducted in the 15 universities in Wuhan. 127 MSM students were recruited by peer promotion, and 510 non-MSM students were selected by cluster random sampling. The two groups were investigated by anonymous questionnaire, and the questionnaire information was statistically analyzed. Results: The awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge among MSM students was 90.8%, while that of non-MSM students was 64.6%. Neither meets the national requirements. The self-recognition of MSM undergraduates was 95.0%. Among the 497 non-MSM undergraduates, 65.4% were willing to make friends with the MSM undergraduates. There were statistical differences in the social discrimination attitudes of those who knew AIDS-related knowledge (P<0.01) and the attitudes of those with knowledge of AIDS were more positive. Conclusion: The MSM students had high incidence of high-risk sexual behaviours and a separation between knowledge and behaviours. This study focuses on the comparison of the characteristics of knowledge, attitude and behaviour on AIDS between the two groups of people, AIDS prevention in colleges and universities needs a new way of thinking.

The Circulation of Life’s Resources

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Resource Flows ◽  
Recursive Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Egalitarian Ethos

To conclude the book’ s alternative account of the Athenian politeia, the chapter offers a recursive analysis of the resource flows which made this way of life possible. The result is very different from a conventional modern secular economic analysis. Instead, it treats resource transactions as the lifeblood of a cosmic ecology that united gods, land, and people in a condition of symbiotic interdependency. The most important of all these transactions were those between gods and humans, whereby the latter received secure conditions of existence in exchange for temples, sacrifices, votive treasures, and other often costly ritual offerings. The most important of the resource transactions between humans were marriages, whereby the managerial and reproductive capacities of females were transferred from one household to another, thereby perpetuating the life of the social body. Contrary to the “egalitarian” ethos which moderns believe animated “democratic Athens,” demokratia would also have been unsustainable without the innumerable contributions of resources, material and otherwise, that were made by a relatively small number of super-wealthy Athenian households. And in a polis where members typically worked only for themselves, the existence of these ecologically essential super-wealthy households would have been unsustainable without the routine exploitation of slaves.

scholarly journals Pharmacological modulation of AMPA receptors rescues specific impairments in social behavior associated with the A350V Iqsec2 mutation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renad Jabarin ◽  
Nina Levy ◽  
Yasmin Abergel ◽  
Joshua H. Berman ◽  
Amir Zag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Glutamatergic Synapses ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Preference ◽  
Molecular Pathophysiology

AbstractIn this study we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission could rescue behavioral deficits exhibited by mice carrying a specific mutation in the Iqsec2 gene. The IQSEC2 protein plays a key role in glutamatergic synapses and mutations in the IQSEC2 gene are a frequent cause of neurodevelopmental disorders. We have recently reported on the molecular pathophysiology of one such mutation A350V and demonstrated that this mutation downregulates AMPA type glutamatergic receptors (AMPAR) in A350V mice. Here we sought to identify behavioral deficits in A350V mice and hypothesized that we could rescue these deficits by PF-4778574, a positive AMPAR modulator. Using a battery of social behavioral tasks, we found that A350V Iqsec2 mice exhibit specific deficits in sex preference and emotional state preference behaviors as well as in vocalizations when encountering a female mouse. The social discrimination deficits, but not the impaired vocalization, were rescued with a single dose of PF-4778574. We conclude that social behavior deficits associated with the A350V Iqsec2 mutation may be rescued by enhancing AMPAR mediated synaptic transmission.

A proposal to enhance national capability to manage epidemics: The critical importance of expert statistical input including official statistics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
N.I. Fisher ◽  
D.J. Trewin
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Integration Analysis

Given the high level of global mobility, pandemics are likely to be more frequent, and with potentially devastating consequences for our way of life. With COVID-19, Australia is in relatively better shape than most other countries and is generally regarded as having managed the pandemic well. That said, we believe there is a critical need to start the process of learning from this pandemic to improve the quantitative information and related advice provided to policy makers. A dispassionate assessment of Australia’s health and economic response to the COVID-19 pandemic reveals some important inadequacies in the data, statistical analysis and interpretation used to guide Australia’s preparations and actions. For example, one key shortcoming has been the lack of data to obtain an early understanding of the extent of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic cases or the differences across age groups, occupations or ethnic groups. Minimising the combined health, social and economic impacts of a novel virus depends critically on ongoing acquisition, integration, analysis, interpretation and presentation of a variety of data streams to inform the development, execution and monitoring of appropriate strategies. The article captures the essential quantitative components of such an approach for each of the four basic phases, from initial detection to post-pandemic. It also outlines the critical steps in each stage to enable policy makers to deal more efficiently and effectively with future such events, thus enhancing both the social and the economic welfare of its people. Although written in an Australian context, we believe most elements would apply to other countries as well.

scholarly journals Narratives of Change: Identity and Recognition Dynamics in the Process of Moving Away From a Life Dominated by Drug Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 009145092110270
Author(s):  
Inger Eide Robertson ◽  
Hildegunn Sagvaag ◽  
Lillian Bruland Selseng ◽  
Sverre Nesvaag
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Positive Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Practices ◽  
Struggle For Recognition ◽  
Depth Interviews

The concepts of identity and recovery capital are recognized as being an embedded part of moving away from a life dominated by drug use. However, the link between these two concepts and the effect of broader social structures, and the normative assumptions underpinning the condition of recovery, is less explored. This article focuses on the social practices of everyday life in the foreground of identity formation, meaning that “who I am” is an inseparable part of “what I do.” A narrative approach was employed to analyze qualitative follow-up data extracted from 48 in-depth interviews with 17 males and females with drug-using experience that were conducted posttreatment on three separate occasions over a period of 2.5 years. Theories of identity formation were employed to analyze the interdependent dynamic between social structure, persona and social resources, and way of life and identity. The analyses identified four narratives related to how people present themselves through the process of changing practices. Following the work of Honneth, we argue that the positive identity formation revealed in these narratives is best understood as a struggle for recognition via the principle of achievement. However, the participants’ self-narratives reflected cultural stories—specified as formula stories—of “normality,” “addiction,” and the “addict,” which work into the concepts of self and confine options of storying experiences during the recovery process. This study demonstrate that the process of recovery is culturally embedded and constitutes a process of adaption to conventional social positions and roles. We suggest challenging dominant discourses related to “addiction as a disease” and “normality” in order to prevent stigma related to drug use and recovery. In so doing, it may contribute to broaden conditions for identity (trans)formation for people in recovery.

scholarly journals Does Respect Foster Tolerance? (Re)analyzing and Synthesizing Data From a Large Research Project Using Meta-Analytic Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110244
Author(s):  
Steffen Zitzmann ◽  
Lukas Loreth ◽  
Klaus Michael Reininger ◽  
Bernd Simon
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
High Status ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Research ◽  
Existing Data

Our own prior research has demonstrated that respect for disapproved others predicts and might foster tolerance toward them. This means that without giving up their disapproval of others’ way of life, people can tolerate others when they respect them as equals (outgroup respect–tolerance hypothesis). Still, there was considerable variation in the study features. Moreover, the studies are part of a larger research project that affords many additional tests of our hypothesis. To achieve integration along with a more robust understanding of the relation between respect and tolerance, we (re)analyzed all existing data from this project, and we synthesized the results with the help of meta-analytic techniques. The average standardized regression coefficient, which describes the relationship between respect and tolerance, was 0.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.16, 0.34]). In addition to this overall confirmation of our hypothesis, the size of this coefficient varied with a number of variables. It was larger for numerical majorities than for minorities, smaller for high-status than for low-status groups, and larger for religious than for life-style groups. These findings should inspire further theory development and spur growth in the social-psychological literature on tolerance.

Anthropomorphic Metaphor in the English Veterinary Terminology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Syrotin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Functional Similarity ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Transfer ◽  
The Social ◽  
Natural Fact

Introduction. The article is devoted to the presentation of the results of the study of metaphorization and the study of metaphorical terms, widely represented in the English terminology of veterinary medicine. The purpose of the article is to represent the features of the anthropomorphic metaphorical name in the English terminology of veterinary medicine. Materials and methods of research. The study of metaphorization as a way of forming English veterinary terms was conducted by us on the basis of lexicographic data recorded in English terminological dictionaries of veterinary medicine. Results of the research. The analysis of lexicographic material allowed to identify four donor domains that served as a source of metaphorical names in the terminology of veterinary medicine: HUMAN, LIVING ORGANISM, NATURAL FACT, ARTIFACT. Conceptual analysis of metaphorical terms of veterinary medicine revealed that one of the most productive metaphors used in the creation of terminological units is anthropomorphic. In anthropomorphic metaphorization, the names are transferred from the donor domain HUMAN to the recipient domain VETERINARY. The article attempts to consider the cognitive basis of anthropomorphic metaphor as one of the mechanisms of creation of veterinary terms in English. Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, it was found that the sources of anthropomorphic metaphor are the biological characteristics of people, the names of body parts and properties of a living organism. Semantic groups of metaphorical terms formed on the basis of cognitive transfer of tokens related to the structure of the human body, its behavior, inherent qualities, life and way of life in the field of veterinary medicine based on external or functional similarity between donor and recipient domains are considered. Сonclusions. Thus, the study allows us to conclude that the terms-metaphors occupy a certain niche in the terminology of veterinary medicine in English and ensure their effective functioning in the language of veterinarians. Conceptual analysis of metaphorical terms of veterinary medicine revealed that one of the most productive is anthropomorphic metaphor. As a result of anthropomorphic metaphorization, new terms of veterinary medicine are formed on the basis of cognitive transfer of tokens that relate to the social characteristics of a person that determine his appearance, behavior or condition, in the field of veterinary medicine on the basis of external or functional similarity between donor and recipient domains.

scholarly journals NOMADISM AS A WAY OF BEING OF THE IMMIGRANTS AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Marina Kolinko
Keyword(s):  
Social Recognition ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Active Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Transitional Condition

The article presents the innovatory understanding of the nomadic strategy of human being in the transitional condition. The aim of the article is to determine the role of the nomadic being way in the social group of internal migrants. It is substantiated, that aims and actions of a nomad are directed on creating new ways of realization and conceptualization of variants of nomadic being. It is explained, that a nomad doesn’t go by the way, offered by traditional types of activity, but searches innovatory ways of realization, doesn’t stop on deciphering of traditionally existing being senses, but produces them him/herself. A subject, living in a space of “boundaries” is deprived of the settled comfort, he/she searches for a possibility of balance and harmony, social recognition and improvement of own life conditions in the movement and change. The culture of choice, formed by the logic of the modern market, gives a nomad resources for regulating the own freedom degree. Nomadic instruments correspond to the migrants’ way of life. Digital nomadism creates stimuli for the active life and adaptation to new conditions of different groups of migrants.

scholarly journals Rekonstruksi Keberagamaan Santri Jawa

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahidul Asror
Keyword(s):  
Way Of Life ◽  
Constructive Theory ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Social

This paper distinguishes first of all between Islam as a system of value—transcendental Islam that is—and Islam as socio-cultural phenomenon—sociological Islam that is. The former is about religion as a given system of belief, while the latter is about religious way of life. While touching briefly on the former, the paper will focus a great deal on the latter. It will focus as such on the “constructed Islam” by the Javanese Muslim santris. Employing the social constructive theory, the paper assumes that these santris are active agents in building their own religiosity through what may be called a dialectical moment. Hence, the paper refuses the commonly believed understanding that social facts are completely outside individual awareness in the process of religious construction. By this, the paper attempts to show that Javanese Islam—sociologically speaking—is none other than the product of santri’s cultural and social upbringing.

scholarly journals Modernization of traditional Yakut families in the social project «Sis Yal» («Model family»)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
У.А. Винокурова ◽  
О.Д. Романова ◽  
К.Д. Барашкова
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Social Project ◽  
Intergenerational Ties

В данной статье представлены результаты социологического исследования сельских якутских семей. Актуальность статьи обусловлена растущим кризисом семьи, репродуктивного поведения, трансформацией гендерных аспектов современных форм семьи и их последствиях, что свидетельствует о культурном повороте целостного жизненного мира от ценностей совместимости, взаимопомощи в сторону индивидуализма, ослабления межличностных и межпоколенных взаимодействий, влияющих на социальное благополучие всех поколений. Авторами статьи выявлены современный уклад жизни, хозяйственной деятельности, размеры семьи, проживающей в их традиционном месте поселения, межпоколенческие связи. Предпринята классификация типов современных якутских семей, проживающих в сельской местности, по критериям пространственной локализации, уклада семьи, экономического состояния, социального статуса, ведущих нравственных ценностей, состава семьи. Выявлено 85 типов семей, сгруппированных по 6 критериям, характеризующим ведущие основы якутского этнического семьеведения. Исследование актуально тем, что на основе выявленной экосистемы семьи разработан социальный проект конструирования позитивных семейных ценностей в сельском социуме. This article presents the results of a sociological study of rural Yakut families. The relevance of the article is due to the growing crisis of the family, reproductive behavior, the transformation of gender aspects of modern family forms and their consequences, which indicates a cultural turn of the integral life world from the values of compatibility, mutual assistance towards individualism, and the weakening of interpersonal and intergenerational interactions that affect the social well-being of all generations. The authors of the article revealed the modern way of life, economic activity, family size, living in their traditional place of settlement, intergenerational ties. The classification of types of modern Yakut families living in rural areas according to the criteria of spatial localization, family structure, economic status, social status, leading moral values, and family composition is undertaken. 85 types of families were identified, grouped according to 6 criteria that characterize the leading foundations of Yakut ethnic family studies. The study is relevant because on the basis of the identified family ecosystem, a social project for constructing positive family values in rural society has been developed.

scholarly journals Student Well-being pada Remaja Jawa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tri Na'imah ◽  
Tukiran Tanireja
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

<p class="IABSTRAK"><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to describe the source of student well-being in Javanese ado­lescents. This research uses quantitative research approach and supported by qualitative. Research location in Banyumas with cluster random sampling technique. Instrument data collection using the scale of student well-being and open source questionaire student well-being and interview guide. Quantitative data analysis using descriptive. The results of the study are: 1) The sources of student well-being are the dimensions of social relations, cognitive, emotional and spiritual. 3) The inhibiting factor of achieving student well-being is if there are problems in the social, cognitive, emotional, physical and spiritual.</p><p class="IKEYWORDS"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sumber <em>student well-being</em> pada remaja Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dan didukung dengan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Banyumas dengan teknik <em>cluster random sampling</em>. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan skala <em>student well-being</em> dan <em>openquesioner</em> sumber <em>student well-being</em> serta panduan wawancara. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan <em>deskriptif</em>. Hasil penelitian adalah: 1) Sumber-sumber <em>student well-being</em> adalah dimensi hubungan sosial, kognitif, emosi dan spiritual. 3) Faktor penghambat tercapainya <em>student well-being</em> adalah jika ada masalah dalam dimensi sosial, kognitif, emosi, fisik dan spiritual.</p>

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