Involvement of YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway in Anti-obesity Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titing Nurhayati ◽  
Anton ◽  
Iwan Setiawan ◽  
Vita Murniati Tarawan ◽  
Ronny Lesmana
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Reducing Energy

Introduction: Obesity has taken world concern since it has become a pandemic chronic disease. The main principle of obesity treatment is regulating energy balance by reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure. These target mechanisms become the point attention in herbal medicine studies. Several molecular mechanism of actions conducted by Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) have been studied in many experimental researches. Objective: In this mini review, we encompass the mechanisms of MLE in demonstrating the anti-obesity activity, including the potential involvement of YAP/TAZ activity. Methods: Several major electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were engaged in conceiving articles. The period was between August 2011 and August 2020. Results: From 18 established literatures, we demonstrated the anti-obesity activity of MLE in detail. Several citations accompanied the results of these researched-based studies to explain and illustrate the molecular mechanisms, including YAP/TAZ signaling pathway. Conclusion: MLE through its phytochemistry contents shows significant benefits on herbal medicine, especially the anti-obesity activity. MLE potentially contributes to modify the lipid metabolism in YAP/TAZ pathway. However, the study demonstrating this involvement has still not yet published. In the future, more exploration may provide hope for its efficacy and safety as the therapeutic agent of obesity.

scholarly journals The lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera blunts streptozocin-induced diabetes in rats through upregulation of GLUT 4 signaling pathway and anti-oxidant effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e00619
Author(s):  
Adeolu Alex Adedapo ◽  
Iyanuoluwa Omolola Ogunmiluyi ◽  
Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi ◽  
Blessing Seun Ogunpolu ◽  
Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Oxidant Effect

Development of Ultrasensitive and Arsenic (III) Selective Upconverting (NaYF4: Yb3+, Er3+) Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Duhan ◽  
Kedar Sahoo ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Arsenic Pollution ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Interfering Ions ◽  
Resonance Transfer

The development of a sensitive alpha-NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ solid-phase upconverting platform (UCP) has been realized using Moringa oleifera leaf extract for selective detection of arsenic (As III) contamination in drinking water. The presence of polyphenols in the leaves extract is shown to induce luminescence resonance transfer (LRET), diminishing thereby the Er3+ upconverting red and green emissions activated by 980 nm excitation. However, addition of As3+ species interrupts the LRET process and restores emission proportionately. This feature allows platform to selectively detect arsenic pollution in water below the safe limit of 10 ppt. The uniqueness of UCP lies in monitoring the As3+ contamination in samples containing heavy ions (Cd2+, Hg2+) as well, without apparent effect on the signal reproducibility. UCP is also found to be insensitive to other interfering ions like Pb2+, H2PO4-, F-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sn2+, Cr6+, Fe2+ and Co2+, if present.<br><br>

Pisosterol Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis via the ATM/ATR Signaling Pathway in Human Glioma Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-750
Author(s):  
Wallax A.S. Ferreira ◽  
Rommel R. Burbano ◽  
Claudia do Ó. Pessoa ◽  
Maria L. Harada ◽  
Bárbara do Nascimento Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Glioma Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Background: Pisosterol, a triterpene derived from Pisolithus tinctorius, exhibits potential antitumor activity in various malignancies. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the pisosterol-specific effects on glioma cells remain unknown. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antitumoral effects of pisosterol on glioma cell lines. Methods: The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion assays were used to evaluate the effect of pisosterol on cell proliferation and viability in glioma cells. The effect of pisosterol on the distribution of the cells in the cell cycle was performed by flow cytometry. The expression and methylation pattern of the promoter region of MYC, ATM, BCL2, BMI1, CASP3, CDK1, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CHEK1, MDM2, p14ARF and TP53 was analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blotting and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP-PCR). Results: Here, it has been reported that pisosterol markedly induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis and decreased the cell viability and proliferation potential of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner by increasing the expression of ATM, CASP3, CDK1, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CHEK1, p14ARF and TP53 and decreasing the expression of MYC, BCL2, BMI1 and MDM2. Pisosterol also triggered both caspase-independent and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and activating caspase-3 and p53. Conclusions: It has been, for the first time, confirmed that the ATM/ATR signaling pathway is a critical mechanism for G2/M arrest in pisosterol-induced glioma cell cycle arrest and suggests that this compound might be a promising anticancer candidate for further investigation.

Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) Benzene, A Plant Derived Anti-Neoplastic Compound: Purified from Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrat Paul ◽  
Piyali Basak ◽  
Namrata Maity ◽  
Chayan Guha ◽  
Nandan Kumar Jana
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Dimeric Form ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Moringa oleifera lam, commonly known as “Sajina”, is an indigenous species to India. In our folk medicine, it is used for the treatment of Canker (cancer). The Moringa oleifera leaf extract contains many phyto-compounds, with some being anti-neoplastic in nature. Objective: Our preliminary study showed that the leaf extract significantly kills cancer cells compared to normal cells. On searching for the new phyto-compound, Bis-isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene was purified and isolated. Methods: The sequential process of fractional distillation, column chromatography, followed by TLC and HPLC is performed for purification. Every fraction from each step was tested on HeLa cell line for evaluating the presence of the phyto-compound. Results and Conclusion: FTIR peak analysis of a single phyto-compound shows the presence of thiocyanate group, aromatic carbon group. 1H & 13C NMR peak analysis along with High-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) calculation confirm the chemical structure with IUPAC name [Bis (Isothiocyanatomethyl) benzene]. Previously, Isothiocyanatomethyl- benzene solely or in conjugation with sugar molecule has been reported, but its dimeric form in nature hasnot yet been published anywhere. It shows anticancer activity by retarding cancer cell growth & inhibits carcinogenesis on HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines by caspase 3 apoptotic pathway and showed comparatively less cytotoxicity to PBMC cell. It shows anticancer activity almost the same as the market available drug Cis-Platin. Therefore, further extrapolating its activity with different concentrations may result in its use as a drug formulation for the treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals A systems biology model of junctional localization and downstream signaling of the Ang–Tie signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Christopher D. Kontos ◽  
Brian H. Annex ◽  
Aleksander S. Popel
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Vascular Growth ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Agonistic Activity ◽  
Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms

AbstractThe Ang–Tie signaling pathway is an important vascular signaling pathway regulating vascular growth and stability. Dysregulation in the pathway is associated with vascular dysfunction and numerous diseases that involve abnormal vascular permeability and endothelial cell inflammation. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the Ang–Tie pathway has been limited due to the complex reaction network formed by the ligands, receptors, and molecular regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we developed a mechanistic computational model of the Ang–Tie signaling pathway validated against experimental data. The model captures and reproduces the experimentally observed junctional localization and downstream signaling of the Ang–Tie signaling axis, as well as the time-dependent role of receptor Tie1. The model predicts that Tie1 modulates Tie2’s response to the context-dependent agonist Ang2 by junctional interactions. Furthermore, modulation of Tie1’s junctional localization, inhibition of Tie2 extracellular domain cleavage, and inhibition of VE-PTP are identified as potential molecular strategies for potentiating Ang2’s agonistic activity and rescuing Tie2 signaling in inflammatory endothelial cells.

scholarly journals DNA methylation mediated RSPO2 to promote follicular development in mammals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Zhou ◽  
Yingting He ◽  
Nian Li ◽  
Guofeng Bai ◽  
Xiangchun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Expression Level

AbstractIn female mammals, the proliferation, apoptosis, and estradiol-17β (E2) secretion of granulosa cells (GCs) have come to decide the fate of follicles. DNA methylation and RSPO2 gene of Wnt signaling pathway have been reported to involve in the survival of GCs and follicular development. However, the molecular mechanisms for how DNA methylation regulates the expression of RSPO2 and participates in the follicular development are not clear. In this study, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of RSPO2 significantly increased during follicular development, but the DNA methylation level of RSPO2 promoter decreased gradually. Inhibition of DNA methylation or DNMT1 knockdown could decrease the methylation level of CpG island (CGI) in RSPO2 promoter and upregulate the expression level of RSPO2 in porcine GCs. The hypomethylation of −758/−749 and −563/−553 regions in RSPO2 promoter facilitated the occupancy of transcription factor E2F1 and promoted the transcriptional activity of RSPO2. Moreover, RSPO2 promoted the proliferation of GCs with increasing the expression level of PCNA, CDK1, and CCND1 and promoted the E2 secretion of GCs with increasing the expression level of CYP19A1 and HSD17B1 and inhibited the apoptosis of GCs with decreasing the expression level of Caspase3, cleaved Caspase3, cleaved Caspase8, cleaved Caspase9, cleaved PARP, and BAX. In addition, RSPO2 knockdown promoted the apoptosis of GCs, blocked the development of follicles, and delayed the onset of puberty with decreasing the expression level of Wnt signaling pathway-related genes (LGR4 and CTNNB1) in vivo. Taken together, the hypomethylation of −758/−749 and −563/−553 regions in RSPO2 promoter facilitated the occupancy of E2F1 and enhanced the transcription of RSPO2, which further promoted the proliferation and E2 secretion of GCs, inhibited the apoptosis of GCs, and ultimately ameliorated the development of follicles through Wnt signaling pathway. This study will provide useful information for further exploration on DNA-methylation-mediated RSPO2 pathway during follicular development.

Neuroprotective effect of NDEELNK from sea cucumber ovum against scopolamine-induced PC12 cells damage through enhancing energy metabolism and upregulation of PKA/BDNF/NGF signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yifei Dong ◽  
Qi Ge ◽  
Pengbo Cui ◽  
Na Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ngf Signaling ◽  
Neuroprotective Function

The aim of study was to evaluate the neuroprotective function of sea cucumber ovum peptides-derived NDEELNK and explore underlying molecular mechanisms. NDEELNK exerted neuroprotective effect by improving the acetylcholine (ACh)...

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