Radiomics- Quantitative Biomarker Analysis for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prediction: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Dinkar Moyya ◽  
Mythili Asaithambi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Tumor Characterization ◽  
Breast Malignancy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biomarker Analysis

Background: Cancer of the breast has become a global problem for women's health. Though concerns regarding early detection and accurate diagnosis were raised, an effort is required for precision medicine as well as personalized treatment. In the past years, the area of medicinal imaging has seen an unprecedented growth that leads to an advancement of radiomics, which provides countless quantitative biomarkers extracted from modern diagnostic images, including a detailed tumor characterization of breast malignancy. Discussion: In this research, we presented the methodology and implementation of radiomics, together with its future trends and challenges by the basis of published papers. Radiomics could distinguish between malignant from benign tumors, predict prognostic factors, molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma, treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and recurrence survival. The incorporation of quantitative knowledge with clinical, histopathological and genomic information will enable physicians to afford customized care of treatment for patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Our research was intended to help physicians and radiologists learn fundamental knowledge about radiomics and also to work collaboratively with researchers to explore evidence for further usage in clinical practice.

Heterogeneity Within Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Turner ◽  
Syn Kok Yeo ◽  
Tammy M Holm ◽  
Elizabeth Shaughnessy ◽  
Jun-Lin Guan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Intratumoral Heterogeneity ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Single Tumor

Breast cancer is the quintessential example of how molecular characterization of tumor biology guides therapeutic decisions. From the discovery of the estrogen receptor to current clinical molecular profiles to evolving single cell analytics, the characterization and compartmentalization of breast cancer into divergent subtypes is clear. However, competing with this divergent model of breast cancer is the recognition of intratumoral heterogeneity, which acknowledges the possibility that multiple different subtypes exist within a single tumor. Intratumoral heterogeneity is driven by both intrinsic effects of the tumor cells themselves as well as extrinsic effects from the surrounding microenvironment. There is emerging evidence that these intratumoral molecular subtypes are not static; rather, plasticity between divergent subtypes is possible. Inter-conversion between seemingly different subtypes within a tumor drives tumor progression, metastases, and treatment resistance. Therapeutic strategies must therefore contend with changing phenotypes in an individual patient's tumor. Identifying targetable drivers of molecular heterogeneity may improve treatment durability and disease progression.

Breast malignancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1025-1052
Author(s):  
Kieran Horgan ◽  
Barbara Dall ◽  
Rebecca Millican-Slater ◽  
Russell Bramhall ◽  
Fiona MacNeill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Invasive Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Western World ◽  
Breast Malignancy ◽  
The United Kingdom

Breast cancer is the commonest cancer to affect women in developed countries and is increasing in frequency in the Western world. Approximately 50,000 women and 400 men are diagnosed with breast cancer in the United Kingdom each year. Eighty per cent of these individuals will survive for at least 5 years after diagnosis. In 2012, 11,762 women died of breast cancer in the United Kingdom. Age-standardized rates of new invasive breast cancer diagnosis have increased from 75 to 126 per 100,000 population in the United Kingdom between 1977 and 2010.

scholarly journals A Matched Case-Control Study of Beans Intake And Breast Cancer Risk in Urbanized Nigerian Women.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galya Bigman ◽  
Sally Adebamowo ◽  
King-David Terna Yaw ◽  
Monday Yilkudi ◽  
Oluwole Olaomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
African Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Purpose. Beans intake has been associated with reduced risk of breast cancer (BRCA), however; only few studies considered molecular subtypes status and none in African women. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations between dietary intake of beans and BRCA including its subtypes in Nigerian women.Methods. Overall, 472 newly diagnosed patients with primary invasive BRCA were age-matched (±5 years) with 472 controls from the Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer (NIBBLE) Study from 01/2014-07/2016. We collected dietary intake of beans using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Beans intake was categorized into three levels of never (never in the past year), low (≤1 portion/week) and high intake (>1 portions/week). We used conditional and unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) of beans intake and the risk of overall BRCA and by its molecular subtypes.Results. The mean (SD) age of cases was 44.4(10.0) and of controls was 43.5(9.5) years. In the case group, more than half (51.1%) has never consumed beans alone in the past year compared to 39.0% in the control group. In multivariable models, we found significant inverse associations between beans intake and overall BRCA risk (OR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.38-0.85), hormone receptor-positive BRCA (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.90) and triple-negative BRCA (OR=0.47 95%CI: 0.25-0.88). Conclusion. Dietary intake of beans of more than one portions a week is associated with reduced risk of BRCA in African women and it may play a significant role in reducing the incidence of BRCA particularly of the more aggressive triple-negative subtype, which is more prevalent in SSA.

scholarly journals Invasive breast tumors are characterized by the presence of crystalline nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tsolaki ◽  
William Doran ◽  
Luca Magnani ◽  
Alessandro Olivo ◽  
Inge K. Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Tumour Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples

The presence of calcification in tumours has been known for decades1. Indeed, calcified breast tissue is a fundamental criterion for early breast cancer diagnosis, indicative of malignancies2, and their appearance is used to distinguish between benign and malignant in breast biopsies3,4. However, an in-depth characterization of the nature and origin of tumour tissue calcification remains elusive5–8. Here, we report the presence of nano and micron-sized spherical particles made of highly crystalline whitlockite that are exclusively found in the arterial wall of malignant invasive tumours. By applying nanoanalytical methods to healthy, benign and malignant tumour breast tissue biopsies from patients, we show that poorly crystalline apatite can be found in all breast tissue samples, whereas spherical crystalline whitlockite particles are present only in invasive cancers, mainly in areas close to the lumen of the arterial wall. Moreover, we demonstrate that the concentration of these spherical crystalline particles increases with the grade of disease, and that their size can be related to tumour type. Therefore, our results not only provide new insight into calcification of tumour tissue, but also enable a precise, yet simple route of breast cancer diagnosis and staging.

scholarly journals Proteomic Characterization of Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles in Human Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganfei Xu ◽  
Weiyi Huang ◽  
Shaoqian Du ◽  
Minjing Huang ◽  
Jiacheng Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

There is a lack of comprehensive understanding of breast cancer (BC) specific sEVs characteristics and composition on BC unique proteomic information from human samples. Here, we interrogated the proteomic landscape of sEVs in 167 serum samples from patients with BC, benign mammary disease (BD) and from healthy donors (HD). The analysis provides a comprehensive landscape of serum sEVs with totally 9,589 proteins identified, considerably expanding the panel of sEVs markers. Of note, serum BC-sEVs protein signatures were distinct from those of BD and HD, representing stage- and molecular subtype-specific patterns. We constructed specific sEVs protein identifiers that could serve as a liquid biopsy tool for diagnosis and classification of BC from benign mammary disease, molecular subtypes, as well as assessment of lymph node metastasis. We also identified 11 potential survival biomarkers for distant metastasis. This work may provide reference value for the accurate diagnosis and monitoring of BC progression using serum sEVs.

APPLICATION OF ELASTOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSIS BREAST TUMORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Huong Tran Thi Song ◽  
Yen Vo Thi Kim ◽  
Quan Nguyen Phuoc Bao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
A New Technique

Breast tumor is common in women. Benign tumors account for 80%, malignant tumors account for 20%. Breast cancer is the most common and deadly cancer among women, including Vietnam. Elastography, evaluates the stiffness of the tissue, helps to distinguish soft or hard tumors, which can help distinguish benign or malignant. Benign lesions tend to be softer than malignant lesions. There are two types of elastography: SE (Strain Elastography) and Shear Ware Elastography (SWE). In examining breast lesions, the maligne tumor tends to be stronger and the higher the velocity. Studies have shown that the SWE features should be combined with 2D ultrasound to complement the BIRADS classification. Elastography is a new technique that has emerged in the past few years, promising good diagnostic prospects, more and more research and application of elastography in diagnostics breast lesions. Breast elastogarphy, survey of hardness of breast cancer showed 4 times higher than that of benign tumor and 7 folds of normal breast tissue.

Characterization of bone only metastasis (BOM) patients (pts) with respect to tumor subtypes (TS).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1072-1072
Author(s):  
Amanda Marie Parkes ◽  
Katherine Clifton ◽  
Aydah Al Awadhi ◽  
Oluchi Oke ◽  
Carla L. Warneke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Tumor Subtypes ◽  
Lytic Lesions ◽  
Initial Biopsy ◽  
Md Anderson

1072 Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) pts with BOM are a unique population with limited characterization. Our goal was to characterize the TS of BOM pts, evaluating differences in sites and types of bone metastases (BM), treatment, and survival. Methods: We identified pts followed at MD Anderson Cancer Center from 01/01/1997 to 12/31/2015 for at least 6 months with a BOM diagnosis as first site of metastasis (met). TS was assessed by initial biopsy immunohistochemistry (IHC) (Table 1) with hormone receptor (HR) + defined as ER or PR >10%. Results: We identified 1445 pts with BOM, 1049 with initial biopsy IHC available to group into TS (Table 1). Among BOM pts, the majority had multiple BM at diagnosis (1141/79%), most in both the axial (Ax) and appendicular (App) skeleton (53%). Of the 808 pts with BM categorized on imaging at diagnosis, the majority were lytic (389/48%), with 21% sclerotic, 18% mixed, and 12% blastic. Time from breast cancer diagnosis to first met differed significantly by TS, χ2(3) = 94.33, P< .0001, with median time to met longer for pts with blastic (3.08 years; 95% CI 2.03, 4.24) versus lytic lesions (1.75 years; 95% CI 1.27, 2.17). Conclusions: BOM patients are a unique MBC subpopulation, more commonly found in luminal TS patients. Our study demonstrates prognostic differences in BOM pts specific to TS and emphasizes the need for further study of BOM patients. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals A New Challenge for Radiologists: Radiomics in Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Crivelli ◽  
Roberta Eufrasia Ledda ◽  
Nicola Parascandolo ◽  
Alberto Fara ◽  
Daniela Soro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

Introduction. Over the last decade, the field of medical imaging experienced an exponential growth, leading to the development of radiomics, with which innumerable quantitative features are obtained from digital medical images, providing a comprehensive characterization of the tumor. This review aims to assess the role of this emerging diagnostic tool in breast cancer, focusing on the ability of radiomics to predict malignancy, response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, prognostic factors, molecular subtypes, and risk of recurrence. Evidence Acquisition. A literature search on PubMed and on Cochrane database websites to retrieve English-written systematic reviews, review articles, meta-analyses, and randomized clinical trials published from August 2013 up to July 2018 was carried out. Results. Twenty papers (19 retrospective and 1 prospective studies) conducted with different conventional imaging modalities were included. Discussion. The integration of quantitative information with clinical, histological, and genomic data could enable clinicians to provide personalized treatments for breast cancer patients. Current limitations of a routinely application of radiomics are represented by the limited knowledge of its basics concepts among radiologists and by the lack of efficient and standardized systems of feature extraction and data sharing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document