Glycyrrhizic acid derivatives as new antiviral and immune modulate agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Baltina ◽  
Rimma Kondratenko
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Amino Sugars ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

: A search of new drugs for the treatment of viral infections and immune deficiencies of various etiologies is still one of the most important tasks of medicinal chemistry, pharmacy and medicine due to the wide spread of a number socially dangerous viral infections. This review is devoted to the chemical modification of Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of licorice root, which is currently a leading natural glycoside promising as a basis for creation of new antiviral agents. The review presents the results of studies conducted over the past 15 years to obtain a library of Glycyrrhizic acid derivatives for biological studies and search of lead compounds. The synthesis of new biologically active derivatives and analogues (conjugates with amino acids and dipeptides, amino sugars, licorice triterpene acids conjugates with amino sugars, saponins and mono glycosides, heterocyclic amides) was carried out , and their antiviral and immune modulate properties were studied. Potent inhibitors of HIV, SARS CoV, Epstein-Barr, influenza A/H1N1 viruses and stimulators of primary immune response were found among GL derivatives and analogues produced.

Impaired Hemostasis Leads To Alveolar Hemorrhages and Increased Mortality In Influenza A Infection

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1095-1095
Author(s):  
Silvio Antoniak ◽  
Kohei Tatsumi ◽  
Justin Milner ◽  
Melinda Beck ◽  
Nigel Mackman
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Littermate Control ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Body Weights

Abstract Objective Viral infections lead to activation of coagulation which enhances inflammatory responses. For instance, influenza A is associated with activation of coagulation and the increased risk for thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction. Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR-4) is the main functional receptor on mouse platelets. Here, we investigated the role of tissue factor (TF) and platelets in influenza A infection in mice. Methods We used male LowTF mice, which express 1% of normal TF levels, PAR-4 deficient mice and respective control mice. All mice were infected intranasal with influenza A H1N1/PR8. Changes in body weights and survival were analyzed up to 14 days after infection. In addition, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was collected and analyzed 7 days after virus challenge. Results LowTF mice exhibited increased loss of body weights compared to littermate control mice between day 4 and 6 after infection (P<0.05). At day 7, BAL of LowTF had increased levels of free hemoglobin compared to infected control mice (2.60±0.39 g/dL vs. 0.05±0.02 g/dL, P<0.05). In addition, LowTF lungs exhibited increased protein levels in the BAL compared to controls (1.52±0.18 mg/mL vs. 0.70±0.26 mg/mL, P<0.05). Lung histology revealed that LowTF mice had extensive hemorrhages. The impaired hemostasis resulted in increased mortality in LowTF mice compared to control mice (90% vs 30%, P<0.004, N=9-10, Figure). Similarly, mice with defective thrombin signaling in platelets (PAR-4-/-) exhibited visible lung hemorrhages with increased hemoglobin levels in the BAL (P<0.05) at day 7 and increased mortality compared to controls (57% vs 10%, P<0.03, N=9-14, Figure). Conclusions TF mediated activation of coagulation and PAR-4 dependent platelet activation are essential for pulmonary hemostasis during influenza A infection. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Concomitant Infections of Influenza A H1N1 and Disseminated Cryptococcosis in an HIV Seropositive Patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Gupta ◽  
Malini R Capoor ◽  
Sonal Gupta ◽  
Harish Chand Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Seropositive Patient ◽  
Seropositive Individual ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

ABSTRACTRespiratory viral infections, especially influenza have a potential to form a fatal association with cryptococcosis in the setting of compromised immunity. Considering the lethality of these two infections, we report an unusual case of dual infection of pandemic influenza A H1N1 and disseminated cryptococcosis in an HIV seropositive individual.

scholarly journals Progress in using the drugs based on hydrobionts in treatment of respiratory viral infections and their complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya E Katelnikova ◽  
Valerii G Makarov ◽  
Victoria V Vorobieva ◽  
Olga N Pozharitskaya ◽  
Alexander N Shikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Action

The data of possibilities to use biologically active compounds, peptides and polysaccharides in particular, from sea urchins as potent sources of drugs are represented in the article. Their ability to act on the main chains of pathogenesis of the respiratory viral infections has been shown. So peptides and polysaccharides possess anti-inflammatory action due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase and inhibition of MAP kinase p38 phosphorylation, as well as antioxidant, immune correcting, antiviral and antibacterial effects. The progress in searching new drugs based on glycopeptides from sea urchins for treatment of respiratory tract infections and their complications are discussed.

scholarly journals ЕPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND СLINICAL FEATURES OF INFLUENZA IN CHILDREN IN THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY IN THE EPIDEMIC PERIOD OF 2015–2016 AND 2016–2017 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
S. M. Bezrodnova ◽  
N. A. Yatsenko ◽  
O. O. Kravchenko ◽  
Sh. M. Khurtsilava
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Epidemic Season ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Microcirculation Disturbance ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

Objective: to study the clinical and epidemiological features of influenza in children in the Stavropol Territory.Materials and methods: influenza prevalence is analyzed from 2015 to 2017 the paper used the data from the Territorial Rospotrebnadzor in the Stavropol Territory. We used the following methods: bibliographic, monographic description, epidemiological, analytical, statistical methods.Results: Among the deciphered acute respiratory viral infections, the specific gravity of influenza A (H1N1) 09 in 2016 reached 78%, and in 2017 influenza B prevailed – in 57,4% of children, and influenza A (H3N2) – in 42,6% of cases. In 2016 68,5% of children under 6 years of age, of all admitted, were hospitalized, and in 2017 – 83,86%. We presented the peculiarities of the course of influenza in different epidemic seasons.Conclusion: Unvaccinated children up to 6 years of age have the disease mainly in severe forms and with complications. The epidemic period began to increase in 2015–2016 at week 52, and in 2016–2017 from week 48, ended at week 13 and at week 17. At the epidemic of 2015–2016, intoxication syndrome with chills, microcirculation disturbance, catarrhal syndrome, ARDS prevailed in the clinical picture. The epidemic season of 2016–2017 was characterized by intoxication syndrome, encephalic reaction, hemorrhagic and myalgic syndromes.

PROSPECTS FOR THE CREATION OF MEDICINES BASED ON A NATURAL ADAPTOGEN IN THE COMPLEX THERAPY OF VIRAL INFECTIONS

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
А.М. ОМАРИ ◽  
Т.А. АРЫСТАНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Current State ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Licorice Root Extract

В статье описано современное состояние распространения, переработки и использования солодки в Казахстане. Представлены литературные данные использования компонентов корня солодки в создании лекарственных средств для профилактики и лечения иммунодефицитного состояния при вирусных инфекциях. Обобщены литературные данные о комбинированных препаратах, содержащих экстракт корня солодки, глицирризиновую кислоту. The article describes the current state of distribution, processing and use of licorice in Kazakhstan. The literature data on the use of licorice root components in the creation of medicines for the prevention and treatment of immunodeficiency in viral infections are presented. The literature data on combined preparations containing licorice root extract and glycyrrhizic acid are summarized.

scholarly journals Pattern of Respiratory Viruses among Pilgrims during 2019 Hajj Season Who Sought Healthcare Due to Severe Respiratory Symptoms

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Salma M. Alsayed ◽  
Thamir A. Alandijany ◽  
Sherif A. El-Kafrawy ◽  
Ahmed M. Hassan ◽  
Leena H. Bajrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Hajj Season ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim of our study was to define the spectrum of viral infections in pilgrims with acute respiratory tract illnesses presenting to healthcare facilities around the holy places in Makkah, Saudi Arabia during the 2019 Hajj pilgrimage. During the five days of Hajj, a total of 185 pilgrims were enrolled in the study. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs) of 126/185 patients (68.11%) tested positive for one or more respiratory viruses by PCR. Among the 126 pilgrims whose NPS were PCR positive: (a) there were 93/126 (74%) with a single virus infection, (b) 33/126 (26%) with coinfection with more than one virus (up to four viruses): of these, 25/33 cases had coinfection with two viruses; 6/33 were infected with three viruses, while the remaining 2/33 patients had infection with four viruses. Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most common detected viruses with 53 cases (42.06%), followed by 27 (21.43%) cases of influenza A (H1N1), and 23 (18.25%) cases of influenza A other than H1N1. Twenty-five cases of CoV-229E (19.84%) were detected more than other coronavirus members (5 CoV-OC43 (3.97%), 4 CoV-HKU1 (3.17%), and 1 CoV-NL63 (0.79%)). PIV-3 was detected in 8 cases (6.35%). A single case (0.79%) of PIV-1 and PIV-4 were found. HMPV represented 5 (3.97%), RSV and influenza B 4 (3.17%) for each, and Parechovirus 1 (0.79%). Enterovirus, Bocavirus, and M. pneumoniae were not detected. Whether identification of viral nucleic acid represents nasopharyngeal carriage or specific causal etiology of RTI remains to be defined. Large controlled cohort studies (pre-Hajj, during Hajj, and post-Hajj) are required to define the carriage rates and the specific etiology and causal roles of specific individual viruses or combination of viruses in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract infections in pilgrims participating in the annual Hajj. Studies of the specific microbial etiology of respiratory track infections (RTIs) at mass gathering religious events remain a priority, especially in light of the novel SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Rationale for using nutrient complexes with vitamin and mineral compositions in rehabilitation schemes for patients who have undergone viral infections (literature review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-36
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Important Link ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures

The results of the previous studies have shown that the use of nutrient complexes with vitamin and mineral compositions in rehabilitation schemes for patients who have undergone viral infections, including COVID-19, is an important link in rehabilitation measures and post COVID-19. The article pathogenetically substantiates the use of biologically active food supplements containing vitamins A, D3, E, C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, folic acid, zinc, vanadium, catechins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and glycyrrhizic acid.

scholarly journals Glycyrrhizic acid derivatives as influenza A/H1N1 virus inhibitors

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1742-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia A. Baltina ◽  
Vladimir V. Zarubaev ◽  
Lia A. Baltina ◽  
Iana A. Orshanskaya ◽  
Alina I. Fairushina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1
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