MMR Vaccine Susceptibility of Viral Agents Causing Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Rahmani ◽  
Hosein Alimadadi ◽  
Reihaneh Mohsenipour ◽  
Mohammad Roshanghalb
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parotid Swelling ◽  
Post Marketing

Background: Meningitis and meningoencephalitis are very adverse drug reactions that had not been documented in clinical studies. Nevertheless, cases were reported within the post marketing period. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence, clinical and laboratory characteristics of aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis following Hoshino MMR (Mumps-Measles-Rubella) vaccine in children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, children who were diagnosed with meningitis following MMR vaccine in an infectious or emergency department of the Tehran Medical Center were enrolled, and their demographic information was recorded from the file. A questionnaire concerning diagnostic criteria in favor of aseptic meningitis was provided for each child and the results of clinical examinations were recorded. Results : This study was performed on 73 children with meningitis symptoms of aspiration, where, 46 of the children were males and 27 were females. Prevalence of meningitis-related symptoms were: fever 66%, headache 49.3%, nausea and vomiting 74%, parotid swelling 0%, and meningeal symptoms 37%. Lab tests showed that 8.2% of patients had normal WBC whereas, 76.7% had abnormal levels. Conclusion: Our study showed that following MMR vaccine, in children with meningitis symptoms, nausea and vomiting followed by fever were most commonly seen symptoms.

Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Trong Nghia Nguyen ◽  
Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dua Dao
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Key Words Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
And Control

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors that tend to cluster together in affected individuals more often than predicted by chance. The presence of the metabolic syndrome substantially increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes, many of which are closely associated with aging. Current estimates suggest that approximately 20 - 25% of the world’s population is affected by the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome rises with age and more than 45% of people aged over 60 years have the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies show that low vitamin D status is very common in the world and this is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Objective: (1) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome. (2) Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Material and method: A cross-sectional study with control group on 318 adult subjects for health examinations at International Medical Center at Hue Central Hospital, including 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome and control group of 179 healthy subjects. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the IDF, NHLBI, AHA, WHF, IAS, IASO (2009). Plasma hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Reciever operating characteristic (ROC) curve were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cut off value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Results: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome was 26.4 ng/ml, incidence of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (59.7%) was significantly higher than in control group (23.5%) (p < 0.001). The optimal cut off point for 25-OH-D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml (AUC=0.657, sensitivity=53.4%, specificity=71.6%). Conclusion: In 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 26.4 ng/ml and the incidence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the metabolic syndrome group was 59.7%. The optimal cut off point for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml. Key words: Metabolic syndrome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽  
Diriba Dereje Olana ◽  
Behailu Terefe Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

scholarly journals Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 598-604
Author(s):  
Valentina Opancina ◽  
Snezana Lukic ◽  
Slobodan Jankovic ◽  
Radisa Vojinovic ◽  
Milan Mijailovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractIntroductionAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a type of spontaneous hemorrhagic stroke, which is caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is the most grievous complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors that influence the onset of CVS that develops after endovascular coil embolization of a ruptured aneurysm.Materials and methodsThe study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The patients included in the study were 18 or more years of age, admitted within a period of 24 h of symptom onset, diagnosed and treated at a university medical center in Serbia during a 5-year period.ResultsOur study showed that the maximum recorded international normalized ratio (INR) values in patients who were not receiving anticoagulant therapy and the maximum recorded white blood cells (WBCs) were strongly associated with cerebrovascular spasm, increasing its chances 4.4 and 8.4 times with an increase of each integer of the INR value and 1,000 WBCs, respectively.ConclusionsSAH after the rupture of cerebral aneurysms creates an endocranial inflammatory state whose intensity is probably directly related to the occurrence of vasospasm and its adverse consequences.

scholarly journals 695. Infective endocarditis in people who inject drugs (PWID) at UK Medical Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S399-S400
Author(s):  
Evelyn Villacorta Cari ◽  
John T Henderson ◽  
Donna R Burgess ◽  
J Zachary Porterfield ◽  
Nicole Leedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Addiction Medicine ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background The Intravenous Drug Use (IVDU) epidemic has been developing into a public health crisis in the last twenty years. As a result, the incidence of severe bacterial infections such as infective endocarditis (IE) has been rising dramatically. Methods Cross-sectional study, we reviewed records of all admissions to University of Kentucky hospitals with IVDU associated ICD9/10 codes who received an Infectious Diseases consult during 2018 and focused on the cases with a diagnosis of IE. We describe associated epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiological features Results We include 391 patients in this cohort, among those 157 patients were for IE. Patients had a median age of 34 years old (range: 20 - 62); 81 (51.5%) were female, and five (6.1%) were pregnant and 153 (97.4%) identified as white. A previous episode of infective endocarditis was reported in 55 (35%) cases. The most common illicit substances used were heroin 68 (43.3%) and methamphetamine 65 (41.45%). Tobacco abuse was reported in 134 (86.4%) cases. Fever reported in 93 (59.8%) cases, shortness of air in 43 (28.0%) cases, and chest pain in 44 (28.6%) cases were the most common symptoms. Hepatitis C antibody was positive in 115/149 (73.2%) and 3/143 (1.9%) were HIV positive. Right-sided IE was more frequent, the tricuspid valve was involved in 94 (59.8%) patients. Gram-positive pathogens were isolated in 139 (88.5%) patients, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 102 (64.9%) patients, of which 67 (65.7%) were methicillin resistant. Gram-negative pathogens were isolated in 18 (11.2%) patients. Eighty-eight (56.4%) patients had an addiction medicine consult during their admission, (22.9%) patients left against medical advice and 20 (12.7%) patients needed to be readmitted within 30 days after discharge. Overall mortality was 12.7% and was significantly associated with infection by gram-negative pathogens (RR: 2.5; CI 95% 1.05 – 6.25, p=0.037). Conclusion Infectious endocarditis is a frequent complication in PWID which carries a high risk of mortality and often involves the tricuspid valve. The most common pathogen isolated was S. aureus, isolation of gram-negative pathogens was associated with increased mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

A cross-sectional study on the guideline adherence to antiemetic regimens for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A single center retrospective study of 1000 patients.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Luo ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Qi Xu ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Qing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Delayed Cinv

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common symptom in patients who undergoing chemotherapy, it is very important to control CINV to maintain dose intensity and patients' quality of life. To analyze the current situation of CINV for the tumor patients who undergoing chemotherapy, we used a cross-sectional survey to assess CINV status in those patients, and whether the drugs used by doctors in each department met the guidelines, and compared the incidence of acute and delayed CINV overall post-chemotherapy periods. Methods This was a single-center, cross-sectional retrospective study of patients with chemotherapy discharged from different departments of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in China. Participants reported the occurrence, severity, and impact on daily life of nausea and vomiting from the day of chemotherapy administration up to 5 days, and physicians collected the clinical data from the medical records. Results Data were collected from 875 responses totally. In this study, the overall incidence rate of CINV was 44.34%, acute CINV was 24.57%, and delayed CINV was 39.66%. 19.89% patients had both acute and delayed CINV. The consistency rates of antiemetic with guideline in different departments showed significant gap between the actual usage of drugs and the recommended guidelines (P=0.001). In 875 patients, 518 patients received guideline recommended antiemetic regimen, the CINV rates of complete control (CC), defined as the absence of any symptoms, were 61.58%. While the CC rates in other 357 patients were 47.06%(P<0.001). Conclusion Overall, clinician adherence to antiemetic guideline recommendations in different departments remained poorly characterized with varying degrees. Future studies should focus on the complete rate as a primary end point rather than complete remission. The standardized management of CINV in patients need to be further strengthened and doctors need to use drugs more regularly to reduce the occurrence of CINV in patients.

Compliance and Adherence to Treatment in Hypertensive Patients in different Tertiary Care Hospitals in Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1858-1860
Author(s):  
Junaid Mushtaq ◽  
Israr-Ul- Haq ◽  
Waqas Mahmood ◽  
Mujtaba H. Siddiqui ◽  
Atiq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Aim: To determine the factors that affect compliance and adherence to medications of hypertensive patients visiting OPD clinics. Study design: Descriptive-cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Unit 1, Lahore General Hospital, Doctors Hospital & Medical Center and Farooq Hospital Lahore from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. Methodology: One hundred and sixty five patients with hypertension were handed over questionnaire socio-demographic, compliance and adherence were recorded. Results: Patients who maintained BP charting were only 13(7.9%) and those without BP charting were 152(92.1%). Patients taking regular medications were only 20(12.1%). Forgetfulness in taking medications was found in 47.3% of patients. 20.6% of patients were unable to purchase medicines because of financial reasons. Thirty two patients (19.4%) thought that they should not take medicines as they were not having any symptoms. Conclusion: Major causes of non-adherence were expense of medications, lack of symptoms, lack of money, forgetfulness, lack of awareness due to poor educational status and nature of job. Keywords: Compliance, Adherence, Medications, Hypertension, Forgetfulness

scholarly journals Caregiver strain and quality of life 6 - 36 Months post stroke

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hilton ◽  
W. Mudzi ◽  
V. Ntsiea ◽  
S. Olorunju
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caregiver Strain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke

Background: Caregivers of patients with stroke are central in providing for the patient’s needs post stroke. The well-being and quality of life of the caregiver is important in the rehabilitation of the patient with stroke. This study sought to establish the: functional level of patients, level of strain and quality of life of the caregiver, and the factors that influence caregivers’ quality of life six to 36 months post stroke. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which included 35 patients six to 36 months post stroke and their primary caregiver utilising a sample of convenience from local clinics/hospitals in Johannesburg. Demographic information was obtained from the patient and the caregiver using a questionnaire. The Barthel Index (BI), Caregiver Strain Index (CSI) and the EQ-5D were also administered. Results: On the BI, 60% of the patients were moderately dependent to independent while 77% of the caregivers were strained. Older caregivers were 81% more likely to experience a decrease in quality of life than younger caregivers. Conclusion: A large proportion of patients are discharged from hospital without receving rehabilitation and are still dependent on caregivers six to 36 months post stroke. Caregivers of patients with stroke need more support from health professionals to mitigate against the high strain and low quality of life that they experience when caring for patients six to 36 months post stroke.

scholarly journals Elevated Serum Thyroglobulin and Low Iodine Intake Are Associated with Nontoxic Nodular Goiter among Adults Living near the Eastern Mediterranean Coast

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv S. Ovadia ◽  
Dov Gefel ◽  
Svetlana Turkot ◽  
Dorit Aharoni ◽  
Shlomo Fytlovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background.Information about iodine intake is crucial for preventing thyroid diseases. Inadequate iodine intake can lead to thyroid diseases, including nontoxic nodular goiter (NNG).Objective.To estimate iodine intake and explore its correlation with thyroid diseases among Israeli adults living near the Mediterranean coast, where iodine-depleted desalinated water has become a major source of drinking water.Methods.Cross-sectional study of patients attending Barzilai Medical Center Ashkelon. Participants, who were classified as either NNG (n=17), hypothyroidism (n=14), or control (n=31), provided serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and completed a semiquantitative iodine food frequency questionnaire.Results.Elevated serum Tg values (Tg > 60 ng/mL) were significantly more prevalent in the NNG group than in the other groups (29% versus 7% and 0% for hypothyroidism and controls, resp.,P<0.05). Mean estimated iodine intake was significantly lower in the NNG group (65±30 μg/d) than in controls (115±60 μg/d) (P<0.05) with intermediate intake in the hypothyroid group (73±38 μg/d).Conclusions.Elevated serum Tg values and low dietary iodine intake are associated with NNG among adult patients in Ashkelon District, Israel. Larger studies are needed in order to expand on these important initial findings.

scholarly journals Impact of Sleep Disturbances on the Quality of Life Among Schizophrenic Out-patients of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 684-691
Author(s):  
Aman Dule ◽  
Mustefa Mohammedhussein ◽  
Mohammedamin Hajure
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Jimma University

Aim: Current study was aimed to assess the impacts of sleep disturbances on patient’s quality of life. Background: Schizophrenia is a syndrome, which affects sleep. Up to 80% of schizophrenic patients complain of sleep disturbances which affect the quality of life Objectives: To assess the association of sleep disturbances and quality of life and other contributing factors among schizophrenic patients on follow-up treatment at Jimma University Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a consecutive sampling of 411 out-patients at Jimma University medical center was employed from April 21-June 20, 2019. Sleep disturbances and the quality of life were assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index and WHOQOL-BREF, respectively. Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23.0 software was used. Chi-square and independent samples t-test were used for association and P-value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: Most participants had sleep disturbances and the mean score of positive scale on PANSS was higher for patients with sleep disturbances. About one-fourth of the patients had very good subjective sleep quality and > 85% of sleep efficiency was reported by 139 participants. More than half (51.1%) of the subjects had used sleep medication and the majority (64.7%) of them were reported daytime dysfunctions in the past month. The social domain (M±SD=3.92±2.51, t=8.46, p= <0.001, eta2=0.15) and overall WHOQOL (M±SD=57.60±16.87, t=9.24, p= < 0.001, eta2= 0.17) score had a large difference of means and about 15% and 17% of the variance in sleep disturbance have been explained. Conclusion: Generally, the finding of the current study was in agreement with most of the previous studies and sleep disturbances respectively moderate to significant effects on the patient’s quality of life.

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