Gisekia pharnaceoides restores colonic mucosal homeostasis by regulating antioxidant enzyme system and cytokines signaling in ulcerative colitis mice model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faraza Javed ◽  
Naveed Aslam ◽  
Hafiza Maida Arshad ◽  
Ambreen Mehmood Awan ◽  
Wafa Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Mucosal Homeostasis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Gisekia pharnaceoides Linn. (Aizoaceae), traditionally known as baluka saag or sareli is commonly found in the deep Cholistan region of Pakistan. It is used by native community for the mitigation of a range of diseases, including inflammatory disorders and gastric ulcers. Objective: This study is designed to evaluate the defensive impact of G. pharnaceoides in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in mice and to discover the mechanism for anti-inflammatory action. Method: The ethanolic crude extract of G. pharnaceoides (Gp.Cr) was prepared and evaluated for phytochemical substances by preliminary screening and HPLC analysis. Anti-inflammatory activity of Gp.Cr (300 and 500 mg/kg) was examined by administration of 200 µl of 7.5% acetic acid intra-rectally to induce ulcerative colitis and colonic mucosal injury, while mucosal homeostasis was evaluated by disease activity index, colonic ulcer score and hematological parameters. Anti-inflammatory potential was quantified by assessing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPX-1), lipid peroxides, nitric oxide and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) immunoassays and further analyzed by histological analysis of colon tissues. Results: Phytochemical screening of Gp.Cr revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, tannins and saponins, while HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, coumaric and sinapic acid. In acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis model, Gp.Cr (300 and 500 mg/kg) along with sulphasalazine (500 mg/kg) decreased disease activity index, ulcer scores and hematological parameters. Gp.Cr showed a significant anti-inflammatory potential by increasing antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxides, nitric oxide and cytokines levels. Histopathological examination showed significant decline in ulceration and tissue disruption. Conclusion: Hence, the findings confirmed the effectiveness of G. pharnaceoides crude extract in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and might be a promising remedy to manage inflammatory disorders.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and In Vivo Anticolitis Effects of Combretin A and Combretin B on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mbiantcha Marius ◽  
Dawe Amadou ◽  
Atsamo Albert Donatien ◽  
Ateufack Gilbert ◽  
Yousseu Nana William ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Combretum fragrans (Combretaceae) is a Cameroonian medicinal plant containing various secondary metabolites and traditionally used for the treatment of several pathologies. Two cycloartane-type triterpenes, Combretin A and Combretin B, were isolated from this plant. This study was aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticolitis effects of these compounds. In vitro anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by inhibition of cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, and denaturation of the protein; antioxidant properties were assessed by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) ABTS•+, capacity tests ferric reducing antioxidant (FRAP), and trapping nitric oxide. For in vivo analysis, we used the model of ulcerative colitis induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS). Studies of the anti-inflammatory activity showed that Combretin A and Combretin B had maximal inhibitory activity on cyclooxygenase (71.92% and 89.59%), 5-lipoxygenase (76.68% and 91.21%), and protein denaturation (63.93% and 87.78%). Antioxidant activity on DPPH, ABTS•+, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP), and nitric oxide scavenging showed that Combretin A and Combretin B showed good antioxidant activities. These compounds significantly reduced the signs of DSS-induced colitis in the treated animals by preventing the weight loss of the animals, by significantly reducing the disease activity index, improving the condition of the stool, preventing the reduction of the length of the colon, and preventing the degradation of the colon. This study revealed that Combretin A and Combretin B have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and curative properties against colitis experimentally induced by DSS in rats.

scholarly journals Protective Effect ofCalculus Bovis Sativuson Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiping Li ◽  
Yanjiao Xu ◽  
Chengliang Zhang ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Mujun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Dextran Sulphate ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Dextran Sulphate Sodium ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Calculus Bovis Sativus(CBS) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, which has been reported to exhibit antispasmodic, fever-reducing, anti-inflammatory, and gallbladder-repairing effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of CBS on dextran sulphate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 5% DSS in drinking water. CBS was given orally at 50 and 150 mg/kg once per day for 7 days. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. Administration of CBS significantly reserved these changes, decreased the MPO activity and MDA and NO level, and increased the SOD activity in the colon tissue. Histological observation suggested that CBS alleviated edema, mucosal damage, and inflammatory cells infiltration induced by DSS in the colon. Moreover, CBS significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 1βand IL-6 in the colon tissue. Our data suggested that CBS exerted protective effect on DSS-induced UC partially through the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats: Ameliorated by Otostegia fruticosa

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Mohd Nazam Ansari ◽  
Najeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Aman Karim ◽  
Gamal A. Soliman ◽  
Majid A. Ganaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Tnf Α

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes irritation, inflammation, and ulceration in the linings of the colon and rectum. Otostegia fruticosa is traditionally used to treat various disorders in different parts of the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa. In the present study, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of crude leaves extract of O. fruticosa (OF.Cr) on acetic acid (AA)-induced UC model in Wistar albino rats. Wistar rats were administered orally with either vehicle (10 mL/kg), OF.Cr (200 and 400 mg/kg), or prednisolone (2 mg/kg) once a day for 6 days. On day 6, UC was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of a single dose of 5% AA (1.0 mL). Disease activity index (DAI) was recorded after one day of colitis induction by assessing the symptoms of colitis and then the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and colon tissues were isolated for the histopathological examination and biochemical analysis of oxidative stress parameters and cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α). OF.Cr pretreatment exhibits significant prevention against UC, as confirmed by a significant decrease of DAI, colonic ulceration, and reduced inflammatory score as compared to the AA-induced colitis rats. Depletion of total glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activities in the colitis group was significantly restored in the OF.Cr treated groups, while increased lipid peroxidation in the colon tissues was significantly reduced. OF.Cr prevented the activation of the IL-6 and TNF-α pathways in the colonic tissues, which were clearly observed by the decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the OF.Cr treated animals. Hence, OF.Cr could be developed in the future for the treatment of UC.

scholarly journals The Protection of Crocin Against Ulcerative Colitis and Colorectal Cancer via Suppression of NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Teng ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Hui Bi ◽  
Congcong Li ◽  
Yongfeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Background: In China, the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing every year, but the etiology of UC remains unclear. UC is known to increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of crocin against UC and CRC in mouse models.Methods: Crocin was used to treat the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mice for 3 weeks, and ApcMinC/Gpt mice with colorectal cancer for 8 weeks. Proteomics screening was used to detect changes in the protein profiles of colon tissues of UC mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and western blot were used to verify these changes.Results: Crocin strongly reduced the disease activity index scores of UC mice, and improved the pathological symptoms of the colonic epithelium. The anti-inflammatory effects of crocin were indicated by its regulation of the activity of various cytokines, such as interleukins, via the modulation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling. Crocin significantly suppressed tumor growth in ApcMinC/Gpt mice and ameliorated pathological alterations in the colon and liver, but had no effects on spleen and kidney. Additionally, crocin significantly decreased the concentrations of interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-α in the sera and colon tissues, suggesting its anti-inflammatory effects related to NF-κB signaling. Finally, 12-h incubation of SW480 cells with crocin caused cell cycle arrest, enhanced the apoptotic rate, promoted the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species. From the theoretical analyses, phosphorylated residues on S536 may enhance the protein-protein interactions which may influence the conformational changes in the secondary structure of NF-κB.Conclusion: The protective effects of crocin on UC and CRC were due to its suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammation.

Cardiotrophin-1 attenuates experimental colitis in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (9) ◽  
pp. 985-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Prieto-Vicente ◽  
Ana I. Sánchez-Garrido ◽  
Víctor Blanco-Gozalo ◽  
Miguel Arévalo ◽  
Enrique García-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ulcerative Lesions

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) holds potent anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and anti-apoptotic effects in the liver, kidneys, and heart. In the present study, the role of endogenous CT-1 and the effect of exogenous CT-1 were evaluated in experimental ulcerative colitis. Colitis was induced in CT-1 knockout and wild-type (WT) mice by administration of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in the drinking water during 7 days. CT-1 knockout mice showed higher colon damage and disease severity than WT mice. In addition, CT-1 (200 µg/kg/day, iv) or vehicle (as control) was administered during 3 days to WT, colitic mice, starting on day 4 after initiation of DSS. Disease activity index (DAI), inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), INFγ, IL-17, IL-10, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)), colon damage, apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3), nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and STAT-3 activation, and bacterial translocation were measured. Compared with mice treated with DSS, mice also treated with exogenous CT-1 showed lower colon damage, DAI, plasma levels of TNFα, colon expression of TNF-α, INFγ, IL-17, iNOS and cleaved caspase 3, higher NFκB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways activation, and absence of bacterial translocation. We conclude that endogenous CT-1 plays a role in the defense and repair response of the colon against ulcerative lesions through an anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect. Supplementation with exogenous CT-1 ameliorates disease symptoms, which opens a potentially new therapeutic strategy for ulcerative colitis.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Anti-Inflammatory Effect on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Between Novel Glycyrrhiza Variety and Official Compendia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Sa-Haeng Kang ◽  
Young-Jae Song ◽  
Yong-Deok Jeon ◽  
Dong-Keun Kim ◽  
Jeong-Hyang Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Glycyrrhizae radix (GR), a plant commonly referred to as licorice, is used as a medicine and food worldwide. However, the utilization of GR from wild areas has caused desertification and a depletion of natural resources. Environmental restrictions and low productivity have limited plant cultivation. For this reason, an improved Glycyrrhiza variety, Wongam (WG), in cultivation and quality has been developed by Korea Rural Development Administration. To evaluate the equivalence of efficacy, several comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars have been conducted. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of WG extracts in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, in comparison to that of GR extracts. WG extract significantly improved the clinical signs of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, including disease activity index, body weight loss, and colon length shortening, which was equivalent to the effect of GR. Furthermore, the fecal microbiota was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. The composition of the fecal microbiota did not show a specific pattern based on experimental groups; however, a tendency toward an increase in the proportion of Lactobacillales was observed. These findings showed an equivalence of efficacy and the possible utilization of WG as a medicinal resource with already-registered species.

The combination of indirubin and isatin attenuates dextran sodium sulfate induced ulcerative colitis in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Gao ◽  
Luding Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqian Wang ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Changhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Epithelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Indirubin and isatin have been used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases due to their anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of indirubin and isatin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was induced by the administration of 3% (w/v) DSS solution, and then the model mice were administered indirubin (10 mg/kg body mass) and (or) isatin (10 mg/kg body mass) by gavage once daily for 7 days. The results showed that indirubin and isatin, individually or combined, significantly inhibited weight loss, lowered disease activity index (DAI), ameliorated pathological changes, decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and Foxp3, suppressed CD4+ T cell infiltration, and inhibited oxidative stress and epithelial cell apoptosis. Additionally, indirubin and isatin, both individually and combined, can also inhibit activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways induced by DSS. The protective effect of combination therapy against UC was superior to that of single-agent treatment. These results suggest that indirubin combined with isatin attenuates DSS-induced UC, and changes to the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways may mediate the protective effects of indirubin and isatin in UC.

scholarly journals The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Guchangzhixie-Pill by Reducing Colonic EC Cell Hyperplasia and Serotonin Availability in an Ulcerative Colitis Rat Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Xianwei Zhu ◽  
Yifei Qin ◽  
Guihai Chen ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the major types of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Abnormal colonic enterochromaffin (EC) cell hyperplasia and serotonin availability have been described in UC. Guchangzhixie-pill (GCZX-pill), a Chinese herbal formula composed of six herbs, is modified based on a traditional formula (Jiechangyan-pill) for inflammatory and ulcerative gastrointestinal disorders. This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and the underlying mechanisms of GCZX-pill on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid- (TNBS-) induced UC in rats. After orally administrating a GCZX-pill to UC rats for 14 days, the results of the inflammation evaluation, such as disease activity index (DAI), macroscopic score (MS), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and other methods, suggested that the GCZX-pill showed remarkable anti-inflammatory results in UC rats. In addition, the abnormal EC cell numbers, colonic tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression, and serotonin (5-HT) contents in TNBS-induced UC rats were significantly reduced by the GCZX-pill. This data demonstrates that the GCZX-pill can attenuate the inflammation in UC rats and the anti-inflammatory effect of the GCZX-pill may be medicated by reducing colonic EC cell hyperplasia and 5-HT availability.

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