scholarly journals Characteristics and Potential Impacts of Rest Areas Proximate to Roadways: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-271
Author(s):  
Fathi Alkhatni ◽  
Siti Z. Ishak ◽  
Abdalrhman Milad
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Rest Areas ◽  
Extensive Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parking Facilities

Objective: Rest areas are one of the most common roadside service facilities designated for parking and resting purposes. They are considered crucial components in the roadway network since they provide road users with a safe and comfortable place nearby the mainline. Obtaining extensive information on the planning, advantages, and potential effects of rest areas will help establish a better understanding of their characteristics and essential benefits. This will enable decision-makers and safety engineers to implement effective policies. Therefore, this paper reviews the literature on the development and impact of rest areas close to roadways. The objectives of this paper are as follows: to discuss the potential positive and negative effects of rest areas, to determine major challenges, to provide recommendations for implementing such facilities based on the literature search, and to fill a research gap. Methods: The review focuses on articles and reports addressing the features and impacts of rest areas and parking facilities published in English. The literature on parking demands related to rest area facilities is not within the scope of this research. Results: The challenges and recommendations concerning the development and safety aspects of rest areas are critically discussed. The review of numerous studies concerning the safety and operation of rest areas has revealed conflicting results. Although several studies found that establishing rest area facilities proximate to roadway segments positively impacts safety and operation, some indicated that such facilities might pose safety and operation risks along adjacent sections. Thus, this paper highlights a gap in the research area, determining the distribution patterns of crashes occurring along the proximate segments of rest areas. Conclusion: Although rest areas do help in mitigating fatigue-related crashes, the review highlights that future research should investigate the relationship between roadway features and collisions occurring along nearby segments of rest areas to fully understand the safety effects of rest areas nearby the mainline. This work is beneficial for decision-makers and safety engineers since it provides valuable information in terms of the planning features of rest areas and parking facilities, along with their essential impact.

IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Feryal Zafar ◽  
Shaheera Munir ◽  
Muhammad Saqib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

The study attempts to figure out the relationship between the performance of the firms and corporate governance in Pakistan. Governance mechanisms used in this study are CEO duality, Independence of Board, Size of Board, and Ownership Concentration. While, the ROA and ROE have been used as dependent variables to measure the performance of firms. Using regression analysis technique on 10 listed firms trading over four years from 2014-2017, the results have been derived. The data regarding all the variables have been collected from all the companies’ annual reports. The discoveries of the study direct that fundamentals of corporate governance such as the Size of the Board, Ownership, and Duality Concentration of CEO have negative effects on performance of organization, as measured by ROA and ROE. While Board independence positively affects the performance of firms. The results are thus significant and provide valuable information for the decision makers about the research issues under consideration.

Sustainability balanced scorecard architecture and environmental performance outcomes: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaad Jassem ◽  
Zarina Zakaria ◽  
Anna Che Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to assess the current state of research on the use of sustainability balanced scorecards (SBSCs), as they relate to environmental performance-related outcomes. It also seeks to present a conceptual framework proposing relationships between SBSC and environmental performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper conducts a systematic literature review of articles published in double-blind peer-reviewed journals that are listed on Scopus and/or Web of Science databases.FindingsThe first part of the paper reveals that two architectures of SBSC appear to be dominant in the literature (SBSC-4 where sustainability parameters are integrated with the four perspectives of the balanced scorecard and SBSC-5 where sustainability is shown as an additional standalone fifth perspective). The next part of the paper presents a conceptual model relating SBSC as decision-making tools to environmental performance outcomes. The paper also indicates that SBSC knowledge mediates the above relationships. Furthermore, based on the theory of expert competence, the presence of experts possibly moderates the relationship between SBSC architecture and environmental performance outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThe literature indicates a lack of consensus on establishing a clear linkage on the relationship between SBSC architecture and environmental performance outcomes. As a result, a holistic conceptual framework where SBSC knowledge acts as a mediator and presence of experts as a moderator may be able to provide a more consistent relationship between SBSC architecture and environmental performance outcomes.Practical implicationsThe conceptual framework proposed provides factors to be considered by decision makers, for effective outcomes when aiming to achieve environmental stewardship objectives.Social implicationsEnvironmental performance by business organisations have come under close scrutiny of stakeholders. As a result, the holistic model proposed in the current study may pave the path for decision-makers to achieve superior environmental outcomes, leading to greater satisfaction of stakeholders such as the communities that are impacted by the business operations of an organisation.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to propose a model for future research regarding the link between SBSC and environmental performance outcomes – with expert managers acting as moderators and SBSC knowledge acting as a mediator.

Competition and the Winner's Curse in B2B Reverse Auctions

2011 ◽  
pp. 150-165
Author(s):  
Indranil K. Ghosh ◽  
John L. Fizel ◽  
Ido Millet ◽  
Diane H. Parente
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Procurement Auctions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Winner's Curse ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Winner’S Curse ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship

The Winner’s Curse is a common phenomenon mostly in auctions, even though it has applications in a diverse range of fields. We define the idea of a Winner’s Curse and specify the types of auctions in which this could be prevalent. We look at the data provided by a major multinational corporation on online procurement auctions conducted by them. We specify the relationship that the prevalence of the Winner’s Curse would have on the success of such procurement auctions. Using this theoretical background, we analyze the given data and show that in some cases, the presence of the Winner’s Curse and the subsequent need for bidders to show caution in the presence of the Winner’s Curse could lead to lower auction success for the firm. We specify the particular cases where this is true. This leads to Managerial Implications for firms wishing to conduct procurement auctions online and we spell them out. We also provide some examples of how firms might try and lower the negative effects of the Winner’s Curse. Finally we provide some future research ideas that may be pursued and some additional readings for the curious reader.

scholarly journals MANAGING MANAGED CARE: PERSPECTIVES FROM KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S498-S499
Author(s):  
Andrea E Daddato ◽  
Cynthia Drake ◽  
Edward A Miller ◽  
Pamela Nadash ◽  
Denise Tyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Managed Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Skilled Nursing Facilities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Nursing Facilities ◽  
Skilled Nursing ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In recent years, Medicare Advantage (MA) plan enrollment has increased, a trend that is expected to continue. Many skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) rely on MA managed care insurer referrals to maintain their census in a market with high competition for post-acute care patients. This study used semi-structured interviews to describe the relationship between MA plans and SNFs from the perspective of key decision-makers in SNFs. Twenty-three interviews were conducted with key stakeholders from 11 Denver Metropolitan area SNFs. A combined purposive-snowball sampling approach was used to identify and recruit select staff from the participating facilities. Interviews focused on the relationship between MA plans and SNFs, including mechanisms of control, power dynamics, and preferences for MA versus Fee-for-Service (FFS) Medicare patients. Key findings included: 1) challenges SNF staff had navigating MA plans’ case management processes, a key mechanism used by MA plans to influence the behavior of SNF decision-makers; 2) MA plans exercising power over beneficiaries’ length of stay, potentially leading to early discharge and heightened risk for rehospitalization; 3) SNF preference for admitting Medicare FFS over MA patients due to higher rates of Medicare FFS reimbursement and greater control over patient care. SNFs are increasingly reliant on MA plans for patient referrals and revenue. The themes suggest that this growing reliance may place SNFs at odds with MA plans on how best to manage overall patient care. It is therefore important that future research investigate how MA plans’ influence over care affects patient outcomes in SNFs and other post-acute settings.

scholarly journals No Evidence for a Relationship between Intelligence and Ejaculate Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470492096045
Author(s):  
Tara DeLecce ◽  
Bernhard Fink ◽  
Todd Shackelford ◽  
Mohaned G. Abed
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Genetic Quality ◽  
Phenotypic Quality ◽  
The Relationship

Genetic quality may be expressed through many traits simultaneously, and this would suggest a phenotype-wide fitness factor. In humans, intelligence has been positively associated with several potential indicators of genetic quality, including ejaculate quality. We conducted a conceptual replication of one such study by investigating the relationship between intelligence (assessed by the Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices Test–Short Form) and ejaculate quality (indexed by sperm count, sperm concentration, and sperm motility) in a sample of 41 men (ages ranging 18 to 33 years; M = 23.33; SD = 3.60). By self-report, participants had not had a vasectomy, and had never sought infertility treatment. We controlled for several covariates known to affect ejaculate quality (e.g., abstinence duration before providing an ejaculate) and found no statistically significant relationship between intelligence and ejaculate quality; our findings, therefore, do not match those of Arden, Gottfredson, Miller et al. or those of previous studies. We discuss limitations of this study and the general research area and highlight the need for future research in this area, especially the need for larger data sets to address questions around phenotypic quality and ejaculate quality.

The Interactions Between Information and Communication Technologies and Innovation in Services

2020 ◽  
pp. 1920-1947
Author(s):  
Giulia Nardelli
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Relationship

Recent literature reveals the increasingly important role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) within innovation in services. This paper aims at outlining how scholars have conceptualized and defined the relationship between ICT and innovation in services so far, by analysing the fragmented body of knowledge available on the topic, to strengthen the research area as field of study and support its progress. The results of the literature review were derived through a concept-centric analysis of the existing research on ICT and innovation in services. The outcome of the literature review is a conceptual typology that organizes and summarizes the body of knowledge on ICT and innovation in services, and reveals the critical knowledge gaps along with an agenda for future research. The main contribution of this work resides in having organized existing literature on the relationship between ICT and innovation in services into a conceptual typology. The conceptual typology outlines the three main aspects of the link between ICT and innovation in services: the integration of organizational and innovation processes; the cooperation among internal and external agents; and the self-reinforcing innovation mechanism that characterizes ICT as a product.

A Salutogenic Perspective on Adverse Experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Höltge ◽  
Shauna L. Mc Gee ◽  
Andreas Maercker ◽  
Myriam V. Thoma
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. Research has predominantly focused on the negative effects of adversity on health and well-being. However, the salutogenic perspective suggests that adversity may not always be detrimental ( Antonovsky, 1996 ). In fact, under certain circumstances, adversity may have the potential for positive outcomes, such as increased resilience and thriving ( Carver, 1998 ; Rutter, 1987 ). The “steeling effect” suggests that past experiences of adversity may increase resistance to later adversities. It proposes that moderate adversity may facilitate more adaptive functioning than no adversity or high levels of adversity ( Rutter, 2006 , 2012 ). The relationship between adversity and health may be optimally assessed using curvilinear models, yet the majority of previous studies have examined linear associations ( Masten & Cicchetti, 2016 ). It is therefore the aim of this review to determine whether moderate adversity is associated with more adaptive functioning when compared to no and high levels of adversity. Practical implications and future research are also discussed.

The Link Between Neuroticism and Everyday Cognitive Failures is Mediated by Self-Reported Mindfulness Among College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110484
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Kondracki ◽  
Michael C. Riedel ◽  
Katharine Crooks ◽  
Patricio Viera Perez ◽  
Jessica S. Flannery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
Everyday Cognitive Failures ◽  
The Relationship

Neuroticism has been linked to an increased likelihood of cognitive failures, including episodes of inattentiveness, forgetfulness, or accidents causing difficulties in successfully executing everyday tasks and impacting health and quality of life. Cognitive failures associated with trait neuroticism can prompt some negative psychological outcomes and risky behaviors. Accumulating evidence shows that augmenting mindfulness can benefit cognitive health and general well-being. However, little is known regarding potential cognitive-behavioral pathways through which individual differences in trait neuroticism could influence the propensity to cognitive failures. Using a sample of 1003 undergraduate college students (females: n = 779) consisting of self-reported questionnaire data, we conducted correlational and mediational analyses to investigate the interrelationship between neuroticism, mindfulness, and cognitive failures. Higher neuroticism scores (females: r = −0.388, males: r = −0.390) and higher cognitive failures scores (females: r = −0.339, males: r = −0.407, p < .001) were significantly correlated with lower self-reported mindfulness scores. Mindfulness significantly mediated the relationship between neuroticism and cognitive failures (β = 0.50, 95%, CI: 0.37, 0.65). These findings indicate that higher mindfulness may help ameliorate negative effects of neuroticism on everyday cognitive failures. Future research will determine how college students may benefit from positive impact of mindfulness to improve their psychological and physical health.

How humble leadership fosters employee innovation behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Yenchun Jim Wu
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Participative Leadership ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Skills ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Behavior ◽  
Humble Leadership

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between humble leadership and employee innovation behavior and to investigate the mediating effects of core self-evaluation (CSE) and the moderating effects of leader political skill in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data from a sample of 169 employee-leader dyads from technology enterprises in China were employed in this research. Findings The results show that humble leadership positively affects employee innovation behavior; moreover, employee CSE and leader political skills play partial mediating and moderating roles, respectively, in the relationship between humble leadership and employee innovation behavior. Research limitations/implications This study considered only the positive role of humble leadership and not its negative effects in extreme cases, such as the perceived weakness and inferiority of a humble leader, which may inhibit leadership effectiveness. Future research may examine the excessive and/or negative effects of humble leadership in an organization. Practical implications The findings of this study suggest that leaders should maintain humility, develop certain political skills, and enhance employee CSE to stimulate employee innovation behavior. Originality/value Although humility has been understood as the core trait of servant leadership, level-five leadership and participative leadership, humble leadership as a new type of independent leadership style has yet to be thoroughly investigated. In particular, there is limited empirical research examining the link between humble leadership and employee innovation behavior.

scholarly journals Social networking’s peril: Cognitive absorption, social networking usage, and depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoney Brooks ◽  
Phil Longstreet
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Cognitive Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Relationship

Social networking has become commonplace in today’s always-connected world. Due to this ubiquity, researchers have sought to explore the positive and negative effects that can result from usage of social networking. This research has shown many effects on an individual's psychological well-being, with one of the most concerning being mixed results of how usage relates to depression. In this study, we further examine the relationship between usage and depression for social networking users. In addition, we posit that aspects of cognitive absorption, namely temporal dissonance, focused immersion, and heightened enjoyment, have a direct effect on the amount of usage. A survey of 251 social networking users reveals that temporal dissociation and heightened enjoyment are associated with increased usage, and usage was found to be associated with greater levels of depression. Further, prior research has shown a significant difference between genders in Internet usage and social networking. Therefore, we report our findings as an overall analysis and as a gender-based between-groups analysis. This analysis shows that more variance is explained for females than males in most relationships. Implications for research and society are discussed along with future research directions.

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