Characteristics and Potential Impacts of Rest Areas Proximate to Roadways: A Review

Objective: Rest areas are one of the most common roadside service facilities designated for parking and resting purposes. They are considered crucial components in the roadway network since they provide road users with a safe and comfortable place nearby the mainline. Obtaining extensive information on the planning, advantages, and potential effects of rest areas will help establish a better understanding of their characteristics and essential benefits. This will enable decision-makers and safety engineers to implement effective policies. Therefore, this paper reviews the literature on the development and impact of rest areas close to roadways. The objectives of this paper are as follows: to discuss the potential positive and negative effects of rest areas, to determine major challenges, to provide recommendations for implementing such facilities based on the literature search, and to fill a research gap. Methods: The review focuses on articles and reports addressing the features and impacts of rest areas and parking facilities published in English. The literature on parking demands related to rest area facilities is not within the scope of this research. Results: The challenges and recommendations concerning the development and safety aspects of rest areas are critically discussed. The review of numerous studies concerning the safety and operation of rest areas has revealed conflicting results. Although several studies found that establishing rest area facilities proximate to roadway segments positively impacts safety and operation, some indicated that such facilities might pose safety and operation risks along adjacent sections. Thus, this paper highlights a gap in the research area, determining the distribution patterns of crashes occurring along the proximate segments of rest areas. Conclusion: Although rest areas do help in mitigating fatigue-related crashes, the review highlights that future research should investigate the relationship between roadway features and collisions occurring along nearby segments of rest areas to fully understand the safety effects of rest areas nearby the mainline. This work is beneficial for decision-makers and safety engineers since it provides valuable information in terms of the planning features of rest areas and parking facilities, along with their essential impact.

Where Truck Drivers Stop – Application of Vehicle Tracking Data for the Identification of Rest Locations and Driving Patterns

Road transport plays an essential role in freight transport throughout Europe, therefore, conditions that may hinder seamless operations in this sector require thorough consideration for evidence-based action. Critical amongst these key conditions is how, when, and where truck drivers stop, as a common set of rules strictly regulates their driving times and rest periods, which causes mandatory interruptions in the supply chains. However, approximating reliable estimations of freight traffic flows and road infrastructure usage constitutes a considerable challenge for researchers. This paper presents a robust data processing approach to designate rest area stops and to calculate the pertaining driving and rest times. Drawing on the abundance of navigation information provided by private fleet toll registration services, a comprehensive spatial-temporal truck stop database on all major rest areas along the toll road network in Hungary has been compiled. Based on the assessment and comparison of driving and rest times, driving and parking times have been analysed, including micro-scale analysis of particular rest areas. Both the methods applied and the results achieved can be of strategic interest to better understand truck driving patterns, as well as to develop targeted and cost-effective measures to streamline freight transport operations in other contexts.

Systems for intelligent parking of trucks at motorway rest areas as part of Construction 4.0

The Road and Motorway Directorate of the Czech Republic is introducing a system of smart truck parking at motorway rest areas. Thanks to the use of detection technologies in the place of rest and connection with NDIC, where traffic information is collected and processed, it is possible to include this technology in the Construction 4.0 concept. The subject of this article is a brief description of these systems, including examples of use. With the help of SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses, respectively opportunities and threats of these systems will be identified with the help of experts.

Penerapan Arsitektur Tropis pada Rest Area di Katoi Kabupaten Kolaka Utara

Rest area in Katoi North Kolaka Regency is a stopover / resting place. Designing a rest area that can adequate the needs of road users who travel far, with the aim as a means of accommodation that can meet the needs. When resting and can be a means of recreation for rest areausers. The approach method used in this research is a descriptive analysis method, namely by collecting, describing, compiling and analyzing data so that a planning and design program approach is obtained for further use in the preparation of space programs and the basic concepts of planning and design. Discussion produces a concept of design reference, namely macro concept, and micro concept. Macro concepts discuss references in determining location, managing site / site, circulation, basic shape and appearance of buildings, and the arrangement of outdoor spaces. While the micro concept discusses the reference on the needs that can support functions in the building, including facilities and infrastructure in the rest areabuilding. With the planning and design of rest areas, it is expected to be an adequate facility for Trans Sulawesi road as a means of accommodation for road users, so as to reduce the accident rate. The application of tropical architectural themes in rest areas is expected to overcome the problems posed by the climate. Tropical architecture can provide solutions to buildings through natural lighting and natural conditioning, so that comfort can be felt for its users.

Spatial distribution and the facility evaluation of the service and rest areas in the toll motorway network of the European Union

Among safety countermeasures for roads, service and rest areas play a vital role, providing a place to stop or rest during a journey and offering services such as petrol stations. Due to their importance, they must be logically distributed along routes at convenient locations with respect to travel itineraries and must be conveniently equipped. These needs become even more apparent on motorways that charge a toll to use the road, because drivers tend avoid leaving the motorway until they have reached their planned destination or departure point. The objective of this paper is to explore the spatial distribution of the service and rest areas on the toll motorways (or freeways) in the European Union (EU) and their facilities. Additionally, the distance and facility specifications established by the regulations of each country were compared. The EU was selected for this evaluation because of the virtual inexistency of borders and the substantial international traffic volumes that result from this relatively free flow of traffic between countries. Countries with a toll road network over 100 km were included: Italy, Portugal, France, Spain, Poland, Greece, and the Slovak Republic. Analysis of average and maximum distances between areas and the facilities provided showed a great variability due to different distribution policies. Few regulations exist that establish maximum distances between areas. Standardization of the spatial distribution of these facilities, on both free and tolled roadways, in the EU would benefit drivers, especially on long journeys, creating a consistent and predictable network of areas and services.

Recreational Centers in Chisinau in the Vision of Visual Artists

One of the genres of easel painting that remains less pretentious to politics is landscape. The city of Chisinau, one of the most important cities of the Republic, was and remains a source of inspiration for artists Eugenia Gamburd, Rostislav Ocușco, Mihail Petric, Filimon Hămuraru, Ludmila Țonceva, Vasile Toma, Inesa Țîpina, Petru Jireghea, Ion Jumatii, Ion Chitoroagă, Florentin Leancă and others. That is one of the topics addressed by artists reflecting moments of relaxation, rest, sports - recreational centres (parks, lakes, stadiums etc.). This article analyzes the paintings from the collection of the National Museum of Art of Moldova, but also the private collections of plastic artists concerning the rest areas of Chisinau. These paintings made on the subject under research can be attributed not only to the landscape genre but also, in some cases, to genre painting. The subject becomes current for painters with the arrangement of the capital’s parks: The square of the Ensemble of the Metropolitan Cathedral of Chisinau, the Public Garden of Chisinau, the Botanical Garden, the Valley of Roses park, the Valley of Mills park, the Ghidighici Reservoir, the Dinamo Stadium etc.

Green-Blue Spaces and Population Density versus COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in Poland

In the last year, in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, scientific papers have appeared in which the authors are trying to identify factors (including environmental) favoring the spread of this disease. This paper presents the spatial differentiation in the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths during the full year (March 2020–March 2021) of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Poland versus green-blue spaces (green—i.a., forests, orchards, meadows and pastures, recreational and rest areas, biologically active arable land; blue—lakes and artificial water reservoirs, rivers, ecological areas and internal waters) and population density. The analysis covers 380 counties, including 66 cities. This study used daily reports on the progress of the pandemic in Poland published by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Poland and unique, detailed data on 24 types of land use available in the Statistics Poland database. Statistical relationships were determined between the above-mentioned environmental variables and the variables characterizing COVID-19 (cases and deaths). Various basic types of regression models were analysed. The optimal model was selected, and the determination coefficient, significance level and the values of the parameters of these relationships, together with the estimation error, were calculated. The obtained results indicated that the higher the number of green-blue spaces in individual counties, the lower the total number of COVID-19 infections and deaths. These relationships were described by logarithmic and homographic models. In turn, an increase in the population density caused an increase in COVID-19 cases and deaths, according to the power model. These results can be used in the current analysis of the spread of the pandemic, including the location of potential outbreaks. In turn, the developed models can be used as a tool in forecasting the development of the pandemic and making decisions about the implementation of preventive measures.

Prinsip Perencanaan dan Kriteria Pengendalian Pengembangan Fasilitas Rest-Area pada Jalan Tol di Indonesia

Stopovers and relaxing facilities are important in intercity travel on toll roads. Long distances travel times in toll roads increase the supply and demand of these facilities in Indonesia. Not only the needs for refueling and resting, but also new support facilities demanded in rest area are often found, such as shopping, restaurant, worship place, and others. This phenomenon has attracted many investors to establish rest area with those complex facilities in term of business profit. To prevent negative impact of development and to protect main function of toll roads, this paper will discuss the planning and development control principles of rest areas located on toll roads in Indonesia. Analysis of components and criteria for rest areas on toll roads are generated by analyzing problems occurred. Site location, site area, accessibility, and main facilities specification are absolute factors, while zoning, circulation, road signage, and site utilities are conditional factors. The planning principles is to guarantee safety, security, and convenience of all activities in and around rest area and toll road. This research describes several criteria and components that should be controlled in order to achieve rest area planning principles that determined by qualitative methods.

Potensi Wisata Kuliner di Rest Area dengan Strategi Analisis Menu di Kukm Rest Area 379A, 389B, dan 391A

The role of academics is urgently needed in strengthening human resources for owners and employees who run businesses and provide information on online sales and take away as well as drive-thru which use cashless payments as an alternative to increasing sales turnover in the midst of the Covid 19 Pandemic situation. The method used is qualitative or descriptive. with a phenomenological approach with data triangulation (method: in-depth interviews and observations at 30 tenant in the three rest areas, between researchers: culinary and tourism management, data sources: documentation and other document references). The results obtained are that the potential for culinary tourism in the Rest Area is a change in the lifestyle of tourists to find regional specialities in a rest area in addition to supporting facilities in the rest area that create a market share rest area, structured financial administration based on a menu management approach, developing delicious, attractive, and hygienic product variants and increasing the mastery of information technology for product marketing that is integrated with non-cash payments