Microstrip Antenna-inception, Progress and Current-state of The Art Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunaram ◽  
Vijay Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Horn Antenna ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Microstrip Antennas ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Ieee Transaction ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Number Of Publications

Background: Microstrip antenna has gained significant attention for a large number of communication systems due to its adaptable features and compatibility. Objective: The major objective of this manuscript is to assess the microstrip antenna technology for structure adaptability, the feature based performance capabilities, design and versatility. Methods: The major reviews conducted in every decade on antenna technology highlighted the significance of microstrip antenna technology. Moreover, a review of the articles on microstrip antenna published in ‘IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation’ revealed that these antennas can primarily be used instead of other types of antennas. : The available presentation of microstrip antennas includes features, such as small size, flatness (low profiles), wide-ranging impedance bandwidth, high gain, and circular polarization. A chronological assessment of the major endeavors in the microstrip antenna study conducted during the last four decades, is highlighted. Results: This manuscript focuses on the cutting-edge developments in the microstrip antenna technology and facilitates various modern designated extents, which provide the readers an insight into the tractability presented by microstrip antennas and their prospective benefits as compared to different types of other antennas like lens antenna, dish antenna, horn antenna, etc. The recent advancements in manufacturing techniques of microstrip antenna are reviewed. A large number of publications on the applications of microstrip antennas, such as communication, sensing, energy harvesting, biomedical relevance etc. are also included to show their importance at present. Conclusion: This article presents a state of the art evaluation of the research carried out on microstrip antennas from the time of their inception to till date. It consolidates the information for the researchers working in this field and will be helpful in enhancing the efforts for the research.

scholarly journals Microstrip Antenna with High Gain and Strong Directivity Loaded with Cascaded Hexagonal Ring-Shaped Metamaterial

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7289
Author(s):  
Cheng Cui ◽  
Yingnan Ren ◽  
Pengfei Tao ◽  
Binzhao Cao
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Microstrip Antennas ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Hexagonal Ring ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
Ground Plate ◽  
Simulation Results

A new cascaded hexagonal ring-shaped metamaterial element is designed, which is arranged periodically and placed on the top of a traditional microstrip antenna to optimize the performance of the traditional antenna. The simulation results show that the new metamaterial microstrip antenna works at near 10 GHz, the impedance bandwidth is extended by 0.25 GHz and the gain is increased by 113.6% compared with a traditional microstrip antenna. Cross-shaped slots are etched on the ground plate of the microstrip antenna to widen the impedance bandwidth. It is shown that the impedance bandwidths at the resonant frequencies of 10 GHz and 14 GHz are broadened by 0.06 GHz and 0.56 GHz, respectively, and the gain of the slot-etched antenna is 13.454 dB. After the metamaterial unit structure is optimized, a nested double-hexagon ring-shaped electromagnetic metamaterial unit structure is proposed. The metamaterial slot microstrip antenna operates in two frequency bands of 10 GHz and 14 GHz; the relative bandwidths are increased to 16.9% and 19.4% with two working bandwidths of 1.74 GHz and 4.98 GHz, respectively; and the gain and directivity are also improved compared with the traditional microstrip antenna. The metamaterial unit structure proposed in this paper is of certain reference value for the variety of metamaterial and the application of metamaterial in traditional microstrip antennas.

scholarly journals Dual wideband and high gain microstrip antenna for wireless system

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-444
Author(s):  
Biplab Bag ◽  
Sushanta Biswas ◽  
Partha Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Ring Shape ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Measured Impedance ◽  
4G Lte ◽  
Peak Gain

In this paper dual wideband high gain circular shaped microstrip antenna with modified ground plane is presented for wireless communication systems. The overall dimension of the proposed antenna is 50 x 40 x 1.6 mm3. The radiating element consists of circular shaped patch which is excited by microstrip feed-line printed on FR4 epoxy substrate. The ground plane is on the other side of the substrate having a rectangular ring shape to enhance the peak gain of the antenna. The proposed antenna exhibits two wide fractional bandwidths (based on ? -10 dB) of 61.1% (ranging from 2.0 to 3.8 GHz, centred at 2.88 GHz) and 53.37% (ranging from 5.48 to 9.6 GHz, centred at 7.44 GHz). The measured peak gain achieved is 8.25 dBi at 8.76 GHz. The measured impedance bandwidth and gain suffice all the commercial bands of wireless systems such as 4G LTE band-40, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WLAN, WiMAX, C-band, and Xband. The measured results are experimentally tested and verified with simulated results. A reasonable agreement is found between them.

A Polarization Reconfigurable Aperture-Coupled Microstrip Antenna and Its Binary Array for MIMO

Frequenz ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhong ◽  
Jin-Song Hong ◽  
Hong-Cheng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Polarization Diversity ◽  
Cross Polarization ◽  
Pin Diodes ◽  
Circular Patch Antenna ◽  
Binary Array

AbstractIn the paper, a singly fed circular patch antenna with polarization diversity is proposed, and its binary array for MIMO application is explored as well. The air substrate and aperture-coupled feed structure are adopted to increase bandwidth and simplify the bias circuit of PIN diodes. By controlling the states of four PIN diodes on the patch, the proposed antenna can produce linear polarization (LP), left- or right-hand circular polarization (LHCP or RHCP). For each polarization sense, the antenna exhibits wide impedance bandwidth, high gain and low cross-polarization. Two antennas are orthogonally placed to form a binary array for MIMO application, which has high isolation and low envelope correlation. The antenna and its array have advantages of simple biasing network, easy fabrication and adjustment, which can be widely applied in wireless communication systems.

The Design of a Microstrip Antenna with Radiation Pattern Controlled

2011 ◽  
Vol 143-144 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Su Ling Wang ◽  
Ya Ting Gan ◽  
Guo Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Radiation Intensity ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Microstrip Antennas ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Antenna Theory

Microstrip Antennas have many applications in various communication systems. A new configuration of microstrip antenna is proposed in this paper. The microstrip antenna has two radiation ports. Through changing the radiation intensity of the two ports, the proposed structure breaks the balance of the radiation of the microstrip antenna therefore the radiation pattern would be changed corresponsively. Theory analysis is carried out based on microstrip antenna theory. Both analysis and simulation show that the new configuration can realize the radiation pattern controlled and the theory analysis agreed very well with simulation.

Sub-terahertz (THz) antenna for Internet of Things and 6G Communication

Frequenz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamsakutty Vettikalladi ◽  
Waleed Tariq Sethi ◽  
Wonsuk Ko
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Single Element ◽  
High Frequency Structure Simulator ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Intelligent Communication

Abstract Sub-terahertz (THz) technology is expected to deliver exceptional data rates for future sixth generation wireless communication systems especially for intelligent communication among devices falling under the Internet of Things (IoT) category. Moving from current 5G millimeter wave (mmW) technology towards THz spectrum will eventually provide unprecedented solutions that will guarantee higher transmission rates and channel capacity for any wireless communication system. With various electronic and wireless components working together to fulfill this promise, high gain antennas having compact profile is one such technology that will aid in achieving sub-THz communication while offering low path and power losses with reliable and fast data transfers. In this context, this work proposes a novel deformed patch antenna operating in the sub-THz spectrum i.e. at 300 GHz band. The proposed antenna is fed via a microstrip line following the proximity coupled feeding technique. Utilizing this technique provides a wide impedance bandwidth with a broadside radiation pattern having minimum side lobe levels of around −12 dB and a directivity of 10–15 dBi for the single and array elements respectively. The proposed design has a small footprint of 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.06 mm3 for the single element while the array element has dimensions of 6 × 5 × 0.06 mm3. Both the designs have been simulated in Computer Simulation Technology-Microwave Studio (CST-MWS) and the results verified via high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) simulator. The results confirm the viability of the proposed designs to be potential candidates for future sixth generation and IoT based applications.

scholarly journals A Novel High Gain Monopole Antenna Array for 60 GHz Millimeter-Wave Communications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4546
Author(s):  
Tarek S. Mneesy ◽  
Radwa K. Hamad ◽  
Amira I. Zaki ◽  
Wael A. E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Single Element ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Element Array

This paper presented the design and implementation of a 60 GHz single element monopole antenna as well as a two-element array made of two 60 GHz monopole antennas. The proposed antenna array was used for 5G applications with radiation characteristics that conformed to the requirements of wireless communication systems. The proposed single element was designed and optimized to work at 60 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.6 GHz (57.2–63.8 GHz) and a maximum gain of 11.6 dB. The design was optimized by double T-shaped structures that were added in the rectangular slots, as well as two external stubs in order to achieve a highly directed radiation pattern. Moreover, ring and circular slots were made in the partial ground plane at an optimized distance as a defected ground structure (DGS) to improve the impedance bandwidth in the desired band. The two-element array was fed by a feed network, thus improving both the impedance bandwidth and gain. The single element and array were fabricated, and the measured and simulated results mimicked each other in both return loss and antenna gain.

scholarly journals A Compact Vivaldi Shaped Partially Dielectric Loaded TEM Horn Antenna for UWB Communication

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa İlarslan ◽  
A. Serdar Türk ◽  
Salih Demirel ◽  
M. Emre Aydemir ◽  
A. Kenan Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Horn Antenna ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Horn Antennas ◽  
Compact Antenna ◽  
Uwb Antennas ◽  
Tem Horn ◽  
Uwb Applications

Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas are of huge demand and Vivaldi antennas as well as the TEM horn antennas are good candidates for UWB applications as they both have relatively simple geometry and high gain over a wide bandwidth. The aim of this study is to design a compact antenna that achieves maximum gain over a bandwidth between 1.5 and 10.6 GHz while minimizing its size. The idea is to make use of combined respective advantages of Vivaldi and TEM horn antennas to achieve the desired goals by shaping the TEM horn antenna to look like a Vivaldi antenna. The antenna structure is modified by a dielectric load in the center to increase the gain bandwidth. It is placed in a surrounding box made of PEC material to reduce the undesired side lobes and to obtain more directive radiation pattern. The simulations are performed by using the CST STUDIO SUITE electromagnetic (EM) simulation software and they are later verified by the actual measurements. The Vivaldi shaped partially dielectric loaded (VS-PDL) TEM horn antenna is proposed as a compact UWB antenna for systems using the newly established UWB band and also for the communication systems of popular bands like ISM, Wi-Fi, and GSM.

ANALYSIS PERFORMANCE OF SINGLY-FED CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fauzan Edy Purnomo ◽  
Hadi Suyono ◽  
Panca Mudjirahardjo ◽  
Rini Nur Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Circular Polarization ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Microstrip Antennas ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Large Bandwidth ◽  
Doubly Fed

The circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antennas, both of singly- and doubly-fed types, possess inherent limitation in gain, impedance and axial-ratio bandwidths. These limitations are caused mainly by the natural resonance of the patch antenna which has a high unloaded Q-factor and the frequency-dependent excitation of two degenerative modes (TM01 and TM10) when using a single feed. Many applications which require circular polarization, large bandwidth, and good performance, especially in the field of wireless communication, are still difficult to be designed by using antenna software. Some consideration to take will include the application target and design specification, the materials to be used, and the method to choose (formula, numerical analysis, etc). This paper explains and analyzes the singly-fed microstrip antenna with circular polarization and large bandwidth. This singly-fed type of microstrip antenna provides certain advantage of requiring no external circular polarizer, e.g. the 900 hybrid, as it only needs to apply some perturbation or modification to a patch radiator with a standard geometry. The design of CP and large-bandwidth microstrip antenna is done gradually, by firstly truncating one tip, then truncating the whole three tips, and finally modifying it into a pentagonal patch structure and adding an air-gap to obtain larger bandwidths of impedance, gain and axial ratio. The last one antenna structure results in a novelty because it is a rare design of antenna which includes all types of bandwidth (impedance, gain, and axial ratio) being simultaneously larger than the origin antenna. The resulted characteristic performance of the 1-tip (one-tip) antenna shows respectively 1.9% of impedance bandwidth, 3.1% of gain bandwidth, and 0.45% of axial-ratio bandwidth. For the 3-tip (three-tip) step, the resulted bandwidths of respectively impedance, gain, and axial ratio are 1.7%, 3.3% and 0.5%. The pentagonal structure resulted in the bandwith values of 15.67%, 52.16% and 4.11% respectively for impedance, gain, and axial ratio. 

Enhancement of the gain and bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna with modified ground plane

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1179-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyan Mondal ◽  
Partha Pratim Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antenna ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Network Analyzer ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Optimum Selection ◽  
Peak Gain ◽  
Selection Of

In this work, microstrip antenna with W- and V-shaped radiating patches have been proposed. Here square- and circular-shaped modified ground planes have been designed by poly tetra fluoro ethylene (PTFE) substrate with dielectric constant 2.4. Broadband with high gain is obtained by optimum selection of radiating patch with modified ground plane. The ground planes are modified by loading a U-shaped slot. The simulated and measured results are compared. Considering −10 dB impedance bandwidth maximum frequency band of 6.97 GHz (3.04–10.01 GHz) with percentage bandwidth of 106.8% is achieved. The proposed antenna exhibits maximum peak gain of 5.1 dBi. The simulation and measurement have been done by Ansoft designer software and vector network analyzer.

scholarly journals Compact Ultra-Wideband Series-Feed Microstrip Antenna Arrays for IoT Communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6267
Author(s):  
Tiago Varum ◽  
João Caiado ◽  
João N. Matos
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Millimeter Waves ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
High Bandwidth

Modern communication systems require high bandwidth to meet the needs of the huge number of sensors and the growing amount of data consumed, and an exponential growth is expected in the future with the integration of internet of things networks. Spectrum regions in the millimeter waves have aroused new interests, mainly because of the contiguous bands available to meet these needs. In return, and to combat the high losses of propagation in these frequencies, higher gain antennas are needed. This paper describes the use of a logarithmic architecture in the design of microstrip antenna arrays, creating structures with high gain and ultra-wide bandwidth. Three different solutions are presented with five, seven, and nine elements, reaching about 25%, 30%, and 44% of bandwidth, achieving ultra-wideband behavior, efficient and with a compact structure operating at frequencies in around 28 GHz.

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