Safe Use of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) to Deactivate SARS-CoV-2: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Waseem Ahmad Ansari ◽  
Tanveer Ahamad ◽  
Mohammad Saquib ◽  
Mohammad Faheem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Simplex Virus

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has now morphed into the most serious healthcare challenge that the world has faced in a century. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The number of cases and the death toll are rapidly increasing day by day because of its fast transmission from human to human through droplets, contaminated hands or body, and inanimate surfaces. Objective: SDS has been found to exhibit broad-spectrum and effective microbicidal and viral inactivation agents through the denaturation of both envelope and non-envelop proteins. Method: Viable SARS-COV-2 particles may also be found on contaminated sites such as steel surfaces, plastic surfaces, stainless steel, cardboard, and glass surfaces that can serve as a source of virus transmission. We reviewed the available literature about the SARS-CoV-2 persistence on inanimate surfaces as well as the decontamination strategies of corona and other viruses by using Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as well as other cleaning chemicals and disinfectants. Result: The efficacy of SDS has been amply demonstrated in several studies involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). SDS has also been found as deactivator of SARSCoV-2. In toxic profile, up to 1% concentration of SDS is safe for humans and showed no toxic effect if ingested. Conclusion: Since no specific treatment is available as yet so containment and prevention continue to be important strategies against COVID-19. In this context, SDS can be an effective chemical disinfectant to slow and stop the further transmissions and spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity and exercise on well-being in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Marques de Abreu ◽  
Roberta Andrade de Souza ◽  
Livia Gomes Viana-Meireles ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez ◽  
Alberto Filgueiras
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isolation Period

AbstractBackgroundA disease discovered in China, COVID-19, was characterized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic in March 2020. Many countries in the world implemented social isolation as a strategy to contain the virus transmission. The same physical distancing which protects society from COVID-19 from spreading may have an impact on the mental health and well-being of the population This study aims to shed some light on this phenomenon by assessing the relationship between physical activity and SWB among individuals in the social isolation period of COVID-19.MethodsData were collected in Brazil between March 31st and April 2nd, 2020. All volunteers agreed to participate by digitally checking the option of agreement right after reading the Consent Terms. The inclusion criteria were participants over 18 years old who had been in social isolation for at least one week and agreed to the Consent Terms. Three instruments were used: a questionnaire was built for this study which aimed to assess the participants’ exercise routine. The second instrument called Psychosocial Aspects, Well-being and Exercise in Confinement (PAWEC) was also created by these researchers and aimed to assess the relationship between well-being and physical activity during the social isolation period. And the third measure was the Brazilian Portuguese-adapted version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).FindingsA total of 592 participants reported being in social isolation for an average of 14.4 (SD=3.3) days. The amount of participants who reported strength training as exercise increased from 31 (5.2%) before isolation to 82 (13.9%) during quarantine. The study shows that well-being related to the practice of physical activity during quarantine is linked to an established routine of physical activity prior to the social isolation period.InterpretationPeople who already practiced physical activity feel more motivated to continue practicing during this period and this causes the appearance of positive affects, unlike people who are only now starting to exercise; according to the study, negative aspects can occur for those who are only just starting. In a period of social isolation, it is important that the practice of physical activity is closer to previous habits, also finding that an obligation to exercise during this period when this was not a reality for the person can contribute to an increase in malaise.

scholarly journals Recent Discovery and Development on SARS-CoV-2: A Review of Current Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Deepak Bamola ◽  
Rama Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Central China ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Origin and spread of current novel coronavirus raised serious concerns among stakeholders around the globe. Different speculations which may unfold the mystery in the future are taking roots, but now there is no globally acceptable opinion about the origin and spread of this novel coronavirus. It is reported that Wuhan city of Hubei Province of central China was the epicenter of this outbreak of novel coronavirus. However, initial inadequate preventive measures allowed the infection to cross the borders of China and that pull the world into a drastic public health and economic crisis. This novel coronavirus disease now named as COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO) and the responsible coronavirus is named as ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)’. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 is alarming even after five months of inception and WHO further warns the world to be prepared for more intense spread of COVID-19. Different diagnostic tools to detect SARS-CoV-2 are being used around the globe, but the identification of asymptomatic carriers of the disease is a serious challenge in countering the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no specific treatment available, only preventive, symptomatic and supportive treatments are being used for clinical management of COVID-19. The available knowledge is limited therefore any escalation of information on the disease will help to combat with this global challenge of COVID-19. In this review, we have discussed and summarized the available multi-factorial information and recent updates on the SARS-CoV-2 which can support future research and may help in the strategic management of currentCOVID-19 pandemic. The articles available online before 30 April 2020 on bioRxiv, medRxiv, ChemRxiv, Google scholar and PubMed have been assessed for compilation of this review. Information on the official portal of WHO, CDC, ICMR etc were also assessed and used with due credit.

scholarly journals Molecular Genotyping and Epidemiology of Measles Virus Transmission in the World Health Organization European Region, 2007–2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S335-S342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Mankertz ◽  
Mick N. Mulders ◽  
Sergey Shulga ◽  
Jacques R. Kremer ◽  
Kevin E. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
Molecular Genotyping ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Alternatives to Remdesivir: Drug repurposing for inhibition of SARSCoV2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Sharp
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
World Health ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Even after more than a year of the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, a specific treatment for the disease has not been discovered. Vaccination programmes are being rolled out as the fastest pace possible but achievement of herd immunity will take time.[1] Many drugs like favipiravir, remdesivir and tocilizumab are being used for the treatment of this disease but reports published by the World Health Organization and the New England Journal of Medicine shows that they do not produce any significant clinical results. In this study, by molecular docking a large set of drugs has been used to replace remdesivir in RdRp protein so that they can produce the same action and therefore provide suitable alternatives for clinical trials and emergency use. The drugs identified in the study are saquinavir, cefoperazone, gliquidone, nelfinavir, 5-methyltetrahyrofolate among various others.

scholarly journals Analysing the Sentiments towards Work-From-Home Experience during COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Dutt Dubey ◽  
Shreya Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

With almost one third of the world on a lockdown, the corporates and the offices have now rapidly shifted to working from home. Since no specific treatment has been suggested by any medical institution so far, World Health Organization has recommended that the only possible solution to be safe is to self-isolate and stay home. Due to this, the world has come to a screeching halt and the businesses have to be shifted to remote work. Work-from-Home is a very new experience for most of us and hence the perception of the people ranges from being very excited to very hopeless. This study aims to examine the sentiments of the people regarding Work-from-Home concept by analysing twitter activities posted on social media. Total 100,000 tweets were analysed for this study. Results indicate that Work-from-Home concept was taken positively by the people. The emotions associated with most of the tweets were of trust and anticipation indicating that this concept is being welcomed by the people.

scholarly journals Rubella in Poland in 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Joanna Bogusz ◽  
Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
The World ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

INTRODUCTION. Rubella is the disease subject to the elimination programme coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Generally, rubella is an infection of mild course among children but in the case of pregnant women, who are not immunized, the probability of the occurrence of severe congenital abnormalities (congenital rubella syndrome) may amount to 95%. The strategy of the countries belonging to the WHO European Region is directed to the interruption of the rubella virus transmission in the environment in order to prevent the cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). OBJECTIVES. The aims of the present article are to analyze the epidemiological situation of rubella in Poland in 2017 and to discuss the rubella vaccination coverage. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The epidemiological situation of rubella in Poland was analyzed on the basis of publications: “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2017” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2017”. RESULTS. In 2017, there was a decrease in the number of rubella cases - with registered 476 cases (in 2016 – 1 105 cases) - and a decline in incidence (from 2.9 per 100 000 to 1.2). The highest incidence rate, regardless of gender and the environment, was observed among children aged 0-4 years (11.8 per 100,000). In 2017, no cases of congenital rubella syndrome were registered. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. In 2017, there was a decrease in the number of rubella cases. In Poland Rubella is reported exclusively on the basis of the clinical picture. The proportion of laboratory tests confirming/excluding rubella infection is still very low in Poland.

scholarly journals Rubella in Poland in 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 391-397
Author(s):  
Joanna Bogusz ◽  
Ewa Augustynowicz ◽  
Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
The World ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

INTRODUCTION. Rubella is the disease subject to the elimination programme coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Generally, rubella is an infection of mild course among children but in the case of pregnant women, who are not immunized, the probability of the occurrence of severe congenital abnormalities (congenital rubella syndrome) may amount to 95%. The strategy of the countries belonging to the WHO European Region is directed to the interruption of the rubella virus transmission in the environment in order to prevent the cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). OBJECTIVES. The aims of the present article are to analyze the epidemiological situation of rubella in Poland in 2018 and to discuss the rubella vaccination coverage. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The epidemiological situation of rubella in Poland was analyzed on the basis of publications: “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2018” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2018”. RESULTS. In 2018, there was a decrease in the number of rubella cases - with registered 437 cases (in 2017 – 476 cases) - and a decline in incidence (from 1.2 per 100 000 to 1.1). The highest incidence rate, regardless of gender and the environment, was observed among children aged 0-4 years (9.8 per 100,000). In 2018, no cases of congenital rubella syndrome were registered. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. In 2018, there was a decrease in the number of rubella cases. In Poland Rubella is reported exclusively on the basis of the clinical picture. The proportion of laboratory tests confirming/excluding rubella infection is still very low in Poland.

Repurposing Drugs for the Management of Patients with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski Lovato ◽  
Lorena Neris Barboza ◽  
Samantha Wietzikoski ◽  
Amanda Nascimento Vasques de Souza ◽  
Pablo Alvarez Auth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Interferon Β ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization, is a newly emerging zoonotic agent that emerged in China in December 2019. No specific treatment for COVID-19 is currently available. Usual palliative treatment includes maintaining hydration and nutrition and controlling fever and cough. The clinical severity and extent of transmission need to be determined, and therapeutic options need to be developed and optimized. Methods: The present review discusses the recent repurposing of drugs for COVID-19 treatment. Results: Several compounds, including remdesivir, lopinavir, ritonavir, interferon-β, ribavirin, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, tocilizumab, and ivermectin, have emerged as promising alternatives. They block the virus from entering host cells, prevent viral replication, and attenuate exacerbation of the host's immune response. Conclusion: Although some evidence indicates the positive actions of different classes of compounds for the treatment of COVID-19, few clinical assays have been established to definitively demonstrate their therapeutic value in humans. Multicenter clinical studies are urgently needed to validate and standardize therapeutic regimens that involve these agents. Although science has not yet presented us with a specific drug against COVID-19, the repurposing of drugs appears to be promising in our fight against this devastating disease.

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