A Task-Analysis-Based Evaluation of Sonification Designs for Two sEMG Tasks

Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Auditory Display - ICAD 2016 ◽

10.21785/icad2016.038 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

S. Camille Peres ◽

Daniel Verona

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Surface Electromyography ◽

Task Analysis ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Data Monitoring ◽

Future Research ◽

Visual Displays ◽

Activation Time ◽

Movement Training

This paper presents a brief description of surface electromyography (sEMG), what it can be used for, as well as some of the problems associated with visual displays of sEMG data. Sonifications of sEMG data have shown potential for certain applications in data monitoring and movement training, however there are still challenges related to the design of these sonifications that need to be addressed. Our previous research has shown that different sonification designs resulted in better listener performance for different sEMG evaluation tasks (e.g. identifying muscle activation time vs. muscle exertion level). Based on this finding, we speculated that sonifications may benefit from being designed to be task-specific, and that integrating a task analysis into the sonification design process may help sonification designers identify intuitive and meaningful sonification designs. This paper presents a brief introduction to what a task analysis is, provides an example of how a task analysis can be used to inform sonification design, and outlines future research into a task-analysis-based approach to sonification design.

Download Full-text

Lower Extremity Muscle Activation in Patients With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability During Walking

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-50.2.06 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 350-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Mark A. Feger ◽

Luke Donovan ◽

Joseph M. Hart ◽

Jay Hertel

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Surface Electromyography ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Control Group ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Activation Time ◽

Peroneus Longus ◽

Healthy Control

Context Ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries, and many individuals with ankle sprains develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). Individuals with CAI exhibit proprioceptive and postural-control deficits, as well as altered osteokinematics, during gait. Neuromuscular activity is theorized to play a pivotal role in CAI, but deficits during walking are unclear. Objective To compare motor-recruitment patterns as demonstrated by surface electromyography amplitudes between participants with CAI and healthy control participants during walking. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Fifteen adults with CAI (5 men, 10 women; age = 23 ± 4.2 years, height = 173 ± 10.8 cm, mass = 72.4 ± 14 kg) and 15 matched healthy control adults (5 men, 10 women; age = 22.9 ± 3.4 years, height = 173 ± 9.4 cm, mass = 70.8 ± 18 kg). Intervention(s) Participants walked shod on a treadmill while surface electromyography signals were recorded from the anterior tibialis, peroneus longus, lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gluteus medius muscles. Main Outcome Measure(s) Preinitial contact amplitude, postinitial contact amplitude, time of activation relative to initial contact, and percentage of activation time across the stride cycle were calculated for each muscle. Results Time of activation for all muscles tested occurred earlier in the CAI group than in the control group. The peroneus longus was activated for a longer duration across the entire stride cycle in the CAI group (36.0% ± 10.3%) than the control group (23.3% ± 22.2%; P = .05). No differences were noted between groups for measures of electromyographic amplitude at either preinitial or postinitial contact (P > .05). Conclusions We identified differences between the CAI and control groups in the timing of muscle activation relative to heel strike in multiple lower extremity muscles and in the percentage of activation time across the entire stride cycle in the peroneus longus muscle. Individuals with CAI demonstrated neuromuscular-activation strategies throughout the lower extremity that were different from those of healthy control participants. Targeted therapeutic interventions for CAI may need to be focused on restoring normal neuromuscular function during gait.

Download Full-text

Roles of externalisation activities in the design process

Swedish Design Research Journal ◽

10.3384/vid.2000-964x.14134 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Maral Babapour Chafi

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Design Research ◽

Research Literature ◽

Physical Models ◽

Future Research ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Design Processes ◽

Digital Modelling

Designers engage in various activities, dealing with different materials and media to externalise and represent their form ideas. This paper presents a review of design research literature regarding externalisation activities in design process: sketching, building physical models and digital modelling. The aim has been to review research on the roles of media and representations in design processes, and highlight knowledge gaps and questions for future research.

Download Full-text

Integrating Theory in Co-design: An Abductive Approach

Australasian Marketing Journal ◽

10.1177/1839334921998541 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 66-77

Author(s):

Erin Hurley ◽

Timo Dietrich ◽

Sharyn Rundle-Thiele

Keyword(s):

Social Cognitive Theory ◽

Design Process ◽

Social Marketing ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Cognitive Theory ◽

Expert Knowledge ◽

Future Research ◽

Abductive Inference ◽

Design Framework ◽

Research Recommendations

Co-design empowers people, giving them a voice in social marketing program design; however, approaches have mostly excluded expert knowledge. An abductive approach to co-design allows for inclusion of expert knowledge, providing theoretical guidance while simultaneously investigating user views and ideas extending understanding beyond known effective approaches. We use the seven-step co-design framework and outline how an abductive inference can be applied to co-design. Social cognitive theory constructs were integrated into the seven-step co-design process. The abductive approach to co-design was tested in two co-design sessions involving 40 participants. Findings demonstrate that theory can be successfully integrated into the seven-step co-design process through utilization of theory-mapped activity cards. This article provides guidance on how theory can be incorporated into ideation and insight generation. Limitations and future research recommendations are provided.

Download Full-text

SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY IN PRODUCT DESIGN: A REVIEW AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v79.8697 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohd Fahrul Hassan ◽

Muhamad Zameri Mat Saman ◽

Salwa Mahmood ◽

Nik Hisyamudin Muhd Nor ◽

Mohd Nasrull Abdol Rahman

Keyword(s):

Product Design ◽

Design Process ◽

Sustainability Assessment ◽

Integrated Design ◽

Working Environment ◽

Future Research ◽

Sustainable Product Design ◽

Great Opportunity ◽

Product Design Process ◽

Sustainable Product

To achieve sustainable product design, it is crucial to use sustainability assessment during the product design process. In this paper, numerous sustainability assessment methodologies in product design are reviewed. A comprehensive assessment of sustainability has been reported to present better performance for improving product sustainability. This review focused on the consideration of sustainability elements by previous researchers that have proposed integrated design tools, commercial software tools and combination both methods in supporting the methodologies. Based on this review, it can be concluded that the inclusion of sustainability performance among the assessment criteria in the design process activities is suggested as a critical point of concern which presents a challenge and is a great opportunity to develop useful guidelines or directions for industries or any product-based project so that the proposed approach will be accepted for implementation in the working environment.

Download Full-text

A Methodology for Architecture Theory and Practices Research: Design Practices Evaluation Studio

European Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n4p195 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Fathi Bashier

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Base ◽

Design Process ◽

Design Theory ◽

Design Research ◽

Future Research ◽

Design Problems ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

Research Goal ◽

Architecture Theory ◽

The Way

This article presents the initial findings of the design research carried out during the last semester by the master of architecture students at Wollega University, Ethiopia. The research goal is the creation of new knowledge to improve the design process. The dissatisfaction with the outcomes of the conventional design approach has led to rising concern and growing awareness of the need to evaluate design outcomes and to learn from the failure. That inadequate understanding of design problems leads frequently to design failure suggests that the evaluation of design outcomes can be made by assessing the way architects develop understanding of design problems, and how they use that understanding for developing knowledge base of the design process. The assumption is that architects’ understanding of design problems can be assessed by examining the way data is used for developing the knowledge base of the design process. The students surveyed the architects’ views in order to produce knowledge, which can be used to develop methods for discovering how inadequate data contributes to miss-informed design decisions; and methods for assessing the architects’ understanding of design problems. In this article the survey findings are analyzed and documented; and, the way the insight drawn from the inquiry can be used in future research for developing design theory, is discussed.Keywords: design outcomes, failure, evaluation, questionnaire, analyze

Download Full-text

Function, strength, and muscle activation of the shoulder complex in Crossfit practitioners with and without pain: a cross-sectional observational study

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-022-02915-x ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elisa Raulino Silva ◽

Nicola Maffulli ◽

Filippo Migliorini ◽

Gilmar Moraes Santos ◽

Fábio Sprada de Menezes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Pain ◽

Surface Electromyography ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

National Registry ◽

Kinetic Chain ◽

Balance Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lower Trapezius

Abstract Background The shoulder joint is the most commonly injured joint in CrossFit practitioners, because of the high intensity and loads associated with this sport. Despite the large number of clinical cases, there is a shortage of studies that investigate influence of biomechanical aspects of upper limbs' injuries on CrossFit practitioners. This study hypothesized that there would be a difference in function, strength, and muscle activation between Crossfit practitioners with and without shoulder pain. Methods We divided 79 Crossfit practitioners into two groups according to whether they reported pain (n = 29) or no pain (n = 50) in the shoulder during Crossfit training. Muscle function, strength, and activation were assessed using the Disability Arm, Shoulder and Hand function questionnaire, Upper Quarter Y Balance Test and Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test shoulder tests, isometric muscle strength assessment by manual dynamometry and muscle activation by surface electromyography and pain report. Results The function based on questionnaire was associated with pain (p = 0.004). We observed a statistically significant difference between the two groups only in the surface electromyography activity of the lower trapezius, and in the variables of shoulder pain and function (p = 0.038). Conclusion Crossfit practitioners with shoulder pain occurring during training showed good function and stability of the shoulder joint, but there was a reduction in the activation of stabilizing muscles, especially the lower trapezius. Trial registration Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clinico (Brasilian National Registry) with the ID: RBR-2gycyv.

Download Full-text

The effects of shoe collar height on ankle sprain mechanics in athletes: A review of literature

Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/2210491720950325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 221-230

Author(s):

Jojo Hoi-Ching Lai ◽

Samuel KK Ling ◽

Patrick Cacho ◽

SW Mok ◽

Patrick SH Yung

Keyword(s):

Ankle Sprain ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Literature Search ◽

Dynamic Testing ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Future Research ◽

Systematic Literature Search ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Weak Evidence ◽

Future Direction

Background: Our aim was to conduct a review to summarize the existing information regarding the effects of shoe collar height in altering ankle sprain mechanics in athletes. Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus was conducted in September 2019. Results: There were 10 studies published from 1993 to 2019 that were included. Most studies showed high-top shoes limited ankle sprain kinematics and increased resistance to inversion moment in static but not dynamic testing. High-top shoes were associated with delayed pre-landing ankle evertor muscle activation and smaller electromyography amplitudes. Conclusions: There is currently weak evidence to support that high-top shoes can limit ankle sprain kinematics in dynamic testing. Further studies with more consistent study interventions and outcome variables are needed to definitively establish the effects of shoe collar height on ankle sprain mechanics in athletes. The Translational Potential of this Article: Multiple studies on the effects of shoe collar height and ankle sprain mechanics have been performed but there is a lack of consistency in terms of study design, intervention, and outcome measures. A formal systematic review and meta-analysis were not applicable due to the heterogeneity of studies, and mixed results from these studies can be confusing to interpret, making further research on this topic difficult as a result of lack of future direction. We summarized the existing literature on this topic to provide a clearer picture and guide future research on this controversial matter.

Download Full-text

Back and Forth: Using Conversation Analysis to Explore Dialogues of Sharedness of Mental Models

Volume 8: 32nd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) ◽

10.1115/detc2020-22515 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sue Yi ◽

Nicole B. Damen ◽

Christine A. Toh

Keyword(s):

Conversation Analysis ◽

Mental Models ◽

Design Process ◽

Team Performance ◽

Future Research ◽

Design Teams ◽

Design Practice ◽

Team Mental Models ◽

Different Types ◽

Design Activities

Abstract Shared mental models have been shown to enhance team performance. However, research has not observed the different types of sharedness of mental models that may uniquely impact the design process. Therefore, this study examines the types of sharedness of mental models that occur in design teams using Conversation Analysis on data collected from two design teams that performed activities in the early design process in a controlled lab environment. Designers were asked to develop an agreed upon list of ranked design principles, and then generate one or two solutions using the list. These design activities allow for the examination of the varying ways that designers share knowledge, negotiate, and reach understanding. Through our analysis, we identify characteristics of conversation that designers used to build shared understanding. Our results also show how team mental models are built from patterns of conversation that are evident during open-ended and unstructured design discussions. This work sets a foundation for future research to gain a deeper understanding of how designer mental models are shared in unstructured conversations that take place during design practice.

Download Full-text

Preflight Weather Decision Support Tool (PWDST): User-Centered Design Process and Usability Validation

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181319631435 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 1915-1919

Author(s):

Jayde King ◽

John Kleber ◽

Ashlee Harris ◽

Barbara Chaparro ◽

Beth Blickensderfer

Keyword(s):

Decision Support ◽

Design Process ◽

Decision Support Tool ◽

General Aviation ◽

Future Research ◽

User Centered Design ◽

Accident Rate ◽

Support Tool ◽

Perceived Usability ◽

User Centered

General Aviation flight operations have been negatively affected by the slow decreasing weather related accident rate for the last 20 years. Upon further investigation, research suggests, that poor preflight planning and a lack of aviation weather experience and knowledge may be contributing factors to the stagnant weather related accident rate. Our team developed a Preflight Weather Decision Support Tool (PWDST) to help novice pilots access, interpret, and apply weather information. We used a user-centered design process which involved an initial task analysis, low-fidelity prototyping, low-fidelity usability testing, user interviews and expert review. This study assessed and compared the perceived usability, difficulty, and the system assistance satisfaction of the PWDST. Participants (n=9) completed a usability study and a series of surveys during, as well as, after the completion of the preflight planning scenario. A series of Mann-Whitney U Tests were conducted to compare the difference between Private Pilot and Certified Flight Instructors (CFI) perceived usability, difficulty, and system assistance satisfaction ratings. Results indicated, there were no significant differences between group ratings. Overall, both groups reported above average usability, system assistance and low difficulty rating for the PWDST. Future research and possible implications are discussed.

Download Full-text