Comparative study of antimicrobial efficiency of biosurfactant producing Pseudomonas spp. from different soil samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mahulkar Ankita Vidyadhar Vaijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficiency ◽  
Test Drop

Amphiphilic biosurfactants are surface-active biological molecules secreted by hydrocarbanoclastic microorganisms. Biosurfactants are eco-friendly, less toxic, biodegradable, and low-cost material, so it has more advantages over chemical surfactants. In this research, Pseudomonas spp., biosurfactant producing microorganisms isolated from different sources of soil samples. IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4 isolates obtained from Garden soil sample; Metal contaminated soil sample; Petroleum contaminated soil sample; Oil contaminated soil sample; respectively. Each isolates identified as Pseudomonas spp. Furthermore, screened for biosurfactant producers. Each isolate showed positive results for the hemolysis test, drop collapse test, oil displacement test, and emulsification test. All isolate incubated in mineral salt medium for biosurfactant production. Biosurfactant extracted from IS1, IS2, IS3, IS4 showed 35%, 65%, 20%, 52% emulsification index respectively. Antimicrobial activity of extracted biosurfactants against pathogenic microorganisms checked by agar cup method. IS2 isolate shows the highest antimicrobial activity among all. All isolate showed a higher zone of inhibition against gram-positive microorganisms than gram-negative microbes. The purpose of this study involves the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of biosurfactant producers from the soil environment.

Evaluation of Nanotechniques and Conventional Techniques for the Removal of Dioxins

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Vaishali V. Shahare ◽  
Rajni Grover ◽  
Suman Meena
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Palladized Iron ◽  
The Impact

Background: The persistent dioxins/furans has caused a worldwide concern as they influence the human health. Recent research indicates that nonmaterial may prove effective in the degradation of Dioxins/furans. The nanomaterials are very reactive owing to their large surface area to volume ratio and large number of reactive sites. However, nanotechnology applications face both the challenges and the opportunities to influence the area of environmental protection. Objective: i) To study the impact of oil mediated UV-irradiations on the removal of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 2,3,7,8-TCDF, OCDD and OCDF in simulated soil samples. ii) To compare the conventional treatment methods with the modern available nanotechniques for the removal of selected Dioxins/furans from soil samples. Methods: The present work has investigated an opportunity of the degradation of tetra and octachlorinated dioxins and furans by using oil mediated UV radiations with subsequent extraction of respective dioxins/furans from soils. The results have been compared with the available nanotechniques. Results: The dioxin congeners in the simulated soil sample showed decrease in concentration with the increase in the exposure time and intensity of UV radiations. The dechlorination of PCDD/Fs using palladized iron has been found to be effective. Conclusion: Both the conventional methods and nanotechnology have a dramatic impact on the removal of Dioxins/furans in contaminated soil. However, the nanotechniques are comparatively costlier and despite the relatively high rates of PCDDs dechlorination by Pd/nFe, small fraction of the dioxins are recalcitrant to degradation over considerable exposure times.

scholarly journals INDUCED DEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL POLLUTED SOIL BY MICROBIAL AUGMENTATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
SYLVESTER UWADIAE ◽  
EMIKE OMOAYENA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Percentage Removal

This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of indigenous microbes for remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil by first increasing the population of the indigenous microbes via bioaugmentation. Soil samples were treated using a consortium of bacteria: Bacillus substilis and Pseudomonas sp. which were isolated and cultured from the contaminated soil. The non-bacteria injected soil sample had the highest hydrocarbon content (THC) of 271.021 in comparison with the other soil samples. The THC percentage removal of B1 (96.885 %), B2 (97.562 %), B3 (98.835 %), B4 (99.594 %) and B5 (99.540 %) were higher than that of the control; indicating that biodegradation actually took place.

Phyto-Availability of Potentially Toxic Metals in Curcubita ficifolia Grown on Contaminated and Non-Contaminated Soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Conrad K. Enenebeaku ◽  
Chidozie N. Anyanwu ◽  
Nnaemeka J. Okorocha ◽  
Uchechi E. Enenebeaku ◽  
Emmanuel Nzediegwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Before And After

In order to estimate plant available fraction of metals in two soil samples-contaminated soil (A) and non-contaminated soil (B), a vegetable crop,Curcubita ficifoliawas grown on both soil samples. The matured leaf was harvested and analyzed for its metal concentration after three (3) months of growth. The soil samples were collected before and after planting, digested with acid and analyzed to determine the pseudo total metal concentration and quantification was done using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). To correlate metal accumulation by the vegetable with potential bioavailability of metals in soils, sequential extraction (SE) using the modified BCR technique was performed on the soils. Soil sample B was used for quality control. It was observed that each metal differed considerably in uptake. And theC. ficifoliacultivated on soil sample A had tissue concentrations of Zn, Mn and Cu as follows: 39.6mgkg-1, 18.3mgkg-1and 26.3mgkg-1respectively. Also,C. ficifoliacultivated on soil sample B had a lower absorption of Zn, Mn and Cu with concentrations of 10.21mgkg-1, 9.11mgkg-1, and 7.6mgkg-1respectively. Results of sequential extraction showed that Zn for soil sample A, and Fe for sample B were mostly present in the acid exchangeable and reducible fractions where these metals were mostly taken up.

scholarly journals Effects of Plastic Pollution of Soil on the Growth and Survival of Bacteria and Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1187-1190
Author(s):  
U. Udochukwu ◽  
S.E. Emmanuel ◽  
E.O. Ehinmitan ◽  
R.S. Bodunde ◽  
J.O. Isheke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Test Soil ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The study examined the effect of plastic waste on soil bacteria and fungi. The test soil samples were collected from Lokoja international market waste dump site and the control soil sample was collected from non plastic contaminated garden in Salem University, Lokoja. The samples were analysed using Gas chromatography with mass spectrometer. The test soil sample soil sample had high quantity of plastic contaminant which were Methylene chloride 17.45mg/kg, hexane 10.05mg/kg, chloroform 1.56mg/kg, toluene 5.87mg/kg, tetrachloroethylene 1.48mg/kg as compared to the control garden soil sample, which had methylene chloride 0.54mg/kg, hexane 0.26mg/kg, chloroform 0.31mg/kg, toluene 5.87mg/kg and tetrachloroethylene 0.01mg/kg. The result showed the presence of plastic in the soil and it effect on bacteria and fungi. The totals of 11 bacteria were isolated from both soil samples using nutrient agar. The bacteria isolated are; Corynebacterium spp. (12%), Enterobacter spp. (8%), Acinetobacter spp. (6%), Escherichia coli (16%), Epidermis, Bacillus subtilis (15%), Serratia sp. (8%), Proteus spp. (4%), Micrococcus luteus (7%), Flavobacterium spp. (10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15%). Micrococcus luteus, Flavobacterium spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginose were not isolated in plastic composted soil sample due to the presence of plasticizers. The total of 6 fungi were isolated, namely Penicilliun expansion (12%), Sacchromyces sp. (24%), Aspergillus niger (19%), Fusarium spp. (20%), Rhizopus stolonifer (10%) and Mucor piriformis (15%). This study reveals the effect of plastic waste, as it inhibits the growth of microorganism that is important for soil activities, thereby reducing the soil nutrients, fertility and productivity.

scholarly journals INDUCED DEGRADATION OF CRUDE OIL POLLUTED SOIL BY MICROBIAL AUGMENTATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
SYLVESTER UWADIAE ◽  
EMIKE OMOAYENA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Percentage Removal

<p>This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of indigenous microbes for remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil by first increasing the population of the indigenous microbes via bioaugmentation. Soil samples were treated using a consortium of bacteria: <em>Bacillus substilis</em> and <em>Pseudomonas sp</em>. which were isolated and cultured from the contaminated soil. The non-bacteria injected soil sample had the highest hydrocarbon content (THC) of 271.021 in comparison with the other soil samples. The THC percentage removal of B1 (96.885 %), B2 (97.562 %), B3 (98.835 %), B4 (99.594 %) and B5    (99.540 %) were higher than that of the control; indicating that biodegradation actually took place.</p>

scholarly journals STUDY OF PURIFICATION PROCESSES OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH URANYL NITRATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Kh.F. Mammadov ◽  
H.N. Shiraliyeva ◽  
E.I. Mehtiyev ◽  
U.S. Aliyeva-Jabbarly ◽  
E.I. Guliyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Uranyl Nitrate ◽  
Weak Solutions ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Uranium Isotopes ◽  
Distilled Water

The extraction of uranyl nitrate contaminated soil with weak solutions of nitric and hydrochloric acid, caustic sodium and subsequent washing of soil residues with distilled water leads to a more than tenfold decrease in the content of uranium isotopes (U238, U235, U234, and U236) in the soil. At the same time, there is a decrease in the content of natural radionuclides (Na22, K40, Zn65, Sn113, Sn126) in the extracted soil samples. An increase in their content in the extract of the analyzed soil sample corresponds to a decrease in their content in the residue of the extracted soil sample. The combined extraction with weak solutions of these acids and alkalis leads to the enrichment of the soil with nitrates and chlorine-containing compounds of non-radioactive metals.

scholarly journals Application of Steam Enhanced Extraction Method on BTEX Contaminated Soil in A Nigerian Petroleum Depot and Automobile Workshop Sites in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Ismail Muhibbu-din ◽  
Ayodele Isaac Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Remediation Process

The contamination of soil in the environment is a natural consequence of industrialization and urbanization. Organic chemical pollutants dissolve into groundwater, absorb and adsorb into soil grains. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are major causes of contaminated soil. This is due to fuel leakages or spillages, various forms of hydrocarbon burning/combustion and land disposal petroleum base oil. Contaminated soil samples were excavated from two different locations within the Ilorin metropolis; pipelines and products marketing company, a Nigerian petroleum depot, Ilorin depot and auto mechanic workshop of over ten years. Steam enhanced extraction method was employed through injection of steam to contaminated soil from steam generator into soil pot where contaminated soil was placed. The condensation of steam on soil particles provides energy to release desorbed contaminants molecules from the soil and the mobilized contaminants vapor was transferred into the recovery pot via the pipe that was connected to the soil pot. After the remediation process, the steamed soil samples were taken to the laboratory where the sonication extraction technique was used to extract the contaminants (BTEX) from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. The extract from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes was subjected to Gas Chromatography fitted with flame ionization detector analysis to determine the exact amount of BTEX removed after the remediation process. Pre-treated soil sample of auto mechanics workshop was found to be 4.5004 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 1.8164 x10-1 mg/kg, 8.7519 x10-1 mg/kg and 5.7006 x10-2 mg/kg  for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after remediation process while Pre-treated soil sample of a Nigerian petroleum depot was found to be 6.6049 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 2.9320 x10-1 mg/kg, 1.9855 x10-1 mg/kg and 1.0237 x10-1 mg/kg  for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after the remediation process. This study established the effectiveness of the remediation process of hydrocarbon contaminated soil using steam enhanced extraction method an In situ remediation technique.

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of Actinomycetes isolated from garden soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jacintha Jasmine Doss ◽  
Anita Rosemarie Joseph Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Enzyme Degradation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Show Maximum Activity ◽  
Different Strains

Five different strains of Actinomycetes were isolated from rhizosphere soil sample taken from Tulsi gardens of Kayathar, Tuticorin District. Heat treated Tulsi growing rhizosphere soil samples (Kayathar, Tuticorin District) were subjected to serial dilution and plated on starch casein medium, incubated at 37 °C for 7 - 14 days. The isolated strains were subjected to morphological, biochemical and cultural characterisation to study their spore morphology, asexual reproductive spores, substrate mycelial growth and enzyme degradation. Tests were performed as per International Streptomyces Project (ISP). Morphological and cultural characteristics showed that the strains AJ1, AJ2, AJ3, AJ4 and AJ5 belonged to the genus Actinomycete. The cultures showed substrate and aerial mycelial growth and also soluble pigments. Based on their morphology the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Antimicrobial activity was performed against seven clinical isolates. AJ1 was found to show maximum activity against Klebsiella, S.typhi and Enterobacter whereas AJ5 was found to show inhibitory activity against Klebsiella.

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