Trends in CD4+ cell counts, viral load, treatment, testing history, and sociodemographic characteristics of newly diagnosed HIV patients in Osaka, Japan, from 2003 to 2017: a descriptive study

Abstract To assess whether human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotype influences baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+) cell count and mortality of patients. The study was conducted from 2014 to 2019 in Guangxi, China, and included 2845 newly diagnosed HIV patients. We used a median regression model to compare CD4+ cell counts in patients newly diagnosed with different HIV-1 genotypes, and a Cox regression model to analyze the associations between HIV-1 genotypes and mortality before and after antiretroviral treatment (ART). In newly diagnosed HIV patients, the baseline CD4+ cell counts of patients with CRF01_AE were significantly lower than those of patients with CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, and other genotypes. Compared with CRF01_AE, patients infected with CRF07_BC (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI 0.36–0.85), CRF08_BC (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI 0.52–0.85), or other genotypes (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI 0.29–0.94) had significantly lower mortality rates before ART. There were no significant associations between different HIV-1 genotypes and mortality after ART. HIV-1 genotype significantly influences baseline CD4+ cell count and mortality before ART in newly diagnosed HIV patients. We find no significant difference in the outcome of death after ART in patients with different HIV-1 genotypes.

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Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92185-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini ◽

Hans-Uwe Dahms ◽

Ming-Tsang Wu

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

P Value ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Large Hospital ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv Aids

AbstractNon-communicable diseases are increasing faster in HIV/AIDS patients than in the general population. We studied the association between hypertension and other possible confounding factors on viral load and CD4-cell counts in hypertensive and non-hypertensive HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a large hospital in Eswatini over a 4-year period. We performed a retrospective longitudinal review of the medical records of 560 ART patients divided into non-hypertension and hypertension groups (n = 325 and n = 235) from July 27 to September 8, 2018. Generalized Estimated Equation was used to analyze the longitudinal data. Hypertensive patients were more likely to have improved CD4-cell counts than non-hypertensive patients (OR = 1.83, [1.37–2.44]). ART patients with hypertension were more likely to have detectable viral loads, though not significant (OR = 1.37 [0.77–2.43]). In non-hypertensive patients, second line ART was significantly associated with viral load (OR = 8.61 [2.93–25.34]) and adverse side effects (OR = 3.50 [1.06–11.54]), while isoniazid preventive therapy was significantly associated with CD4-cell counts (OR = 1.68 [1.16–2.45]). In hypertensive patients, factors associated with viral load were WHO HIV stage (OR = 2.84 [1.03–7.85]) and adherence (OR = 8.08 [1.33–49.04]). In both groups, CD4-cell counts significantly and steadily increased over time (p-value < 0.001). Results show a significant association between hypertension and CD4 cell counts but not viral load. In ART patients with and without hypertension, the factors associated with prognostic markers were different. More attention may need to be paid to ART patients with well controlled HIV status to monitoring and controlling of hypertension status.

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A Markov Model to Estimate Mortality Due to HIV/AIDS Using Viral Load Levels-Based States and CD4 Cell Counts: A Principal Component Analysis Approach

Infectious Diseases and Therapy ◽

10.1007/s40121-018-0217-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 457-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Claris Shoko ◽

Delson Chikobvu ◽

Pascal O. Bessong

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Viral Load ◽

Markov Model ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Analysis Approach ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv Aids

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Characteristics allelic of Human Leukocyte Antigen class I genotype and association with viral load and CD4 cell count in HIV-1 infected patients, Hanoi 2014 – 2016

Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng ◽

10.51403/0868-2836/2021/335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Tran Thi Minh Tam ◽

Nguyen Thuy Linh ◽

Phan Ha My ◽

Nguyen Thi Lan Anh

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Hla Class I ◽

Class I ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Leukocyte Antigen ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I plays a regulatory role in cellular immune response to HIV-1 infection. The role of HLA alleles in HIV progression via viral load and CD4 cell count is well known. HLA class I is polymorphic and distributed differently by nation. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 303 HIV-1 infected patients in 2014 - 2016, with aims to (i) characterize HLA class I genotype with 4-digit nomenclature and (ii) identify specifc alleles in correlate with CD4 cell counts and HIV viral load. 117 allele genotypes have been identifed, including 28 HLA-A alleles, 54 HLA-B alleles and 35 HLA-C alleles. The results showed that the most prevalent alleles in the population include A*11:01 (30.7%), B*15:02 (15.2%) and C*08:01 (17.1%). The frequency of haplotype created from these alleles is 8.4%. A*02:03, B*46:01 related to gender and ethnicity respectively. In conclusion, the study provided detailed pattern of HLA class I expression in a study population of HIV-1 infected patients and reported for the frst time the associated B*51:01, C*14:02 alleles associated to an increase in CD4 cell counts.

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A real-world, cross sectional study of oral lesions and their association with CD4 cell counts and HIV viral load in Yunnan, China

Medicine ◽

10.1097/md.0000000000022416 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (40) ◽

pp. e22416

Author(s):

Wen Shu ◽

Chengwen Li ◽

Fei Du ◽

Jinsong Bai ◽

Kaiwen Duan

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Real World ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell

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Identification of an HIV-1 and Neurosyphilis Cluster in Vermont

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa1834 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Devika Singh ◽

William M Switzer ◽

Roy Belcher ◽

Daniel Daltry ◽

Jennifer S Read

Keyword(s):

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Viral Loads ◽

Network Analyses ◽

Intervention Specialists ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1 ◽

Sexual Networking

Abstract Background Rates of syphilis in the U.S. have more than doubled over the last several decades, largely among men who have sex with men (MSM). Our study characterizes a cluster of neurosyphilis cases among HIV-1-infected individuals in Vermont in 2017-2018. Methods Vermont Department of Health disease intervention specialists conduct interviews with all newly diagnosed HIV-1 cases and pursued sexual networking analyses. Phylogenetic and network analyses of available Vermont HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences identified clusters of infection. Fishers-exact and independent t-tests were used to compare HIV-1-infected individuals within or outside an identified cluster. Results Between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018, 38 Vermont residents were newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection. The mean age was 35.5 years, 79% were male and 82% were white. Risk factors for HIV-1 acquisition included MSM status (79%) and methamphetamine use (21%). Eighteen cases (49%) had HIV-1 viral loads (VLs) >100,000 copies/mL and 47% had CD4 cell counts <200/mm 3. Eleven of the 38 (29%) cases had positive syphilis serology, including four (36%) with neurosyphilis. Sexual networking analysis revealed a ten-person cluster with higher VLs at diagnosis (90% with VLs > 100,000 copies/mL vs. 33%, p=0.015). Phylogenetic analysis of pol sequences showed a cluster of 14 cases with sequences that shared 98-100% HIV-1 nucleotide identity. Conclusions This investigation of newly infected HIV-1 cases in Vermont led to identification of a cluster that appeared more likely to have advanced HIV-1 disease and neurosyphilis. Identification of a cluster was strongly supported by both phylogenetic and network analyses of HIV-1 pol sequences.

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Role of Interferon-Gamma (Ifn-γ) in Immune Response Regulation in Hiv-1 and Hiv-1 + Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Tb) Infected Patients / Interferona-gamma (Ifn-γ) Loma Imūnās Atbildes Regulēšanā Pacientiem Ar HIV-1 un HIV-1 + mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1515/prolas-2016-0033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 211-214

Author(s):

Inga Januškevica ◽

Baiba Rozentāle ◽

Elvīra Hagina ◽

Jeīena Eglīte ◽

Tatjana Kolupajeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Viral Load ◽

University Hospital ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the role of IFN-γ in interaction between IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b, CD4 cell counts and HIV-1 RNA viral load in the development of HIV-1 in patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). The study was conducted by Rīga East Clinical University Hospital with data from the HIV-1 register, in collaboration with the RSU Joint Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics. 200 HIV-1 infected patients and 184 HIV-1 with TB co-infection patients divided in four groups were included in the study. IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b levels were measured in serum with commercially enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Vector-Best Corporation, Novosibirsk, Russia). CD4 cell counts were measured by flow Partec IVD cytometry (USA). HIV-1 RNA quantification was performed using the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS Taqman HIV-1 Test (Germany). All groups were compared with each another. IFN-γ production was significantly lower, and IL-10 and CD4 cell counts were significantly higher, in HIV-1 patients without TB compared with the other groups. The group with HIV-1 and TB had significantly elevated IL-18 production. HIV patients with primary TB had significantly elevated IFN-γ production and HIV-1 RNA viral load and significantly lower IL-10 production.

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