In vitro Assessment of Period of Oviposition and Hatching in Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
Mohd Akil ◽  
RK Bagherwal ◽  
AK Jayraw ◽  
N Rajput ◽  
R Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum Anatolicum ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
The Cost

Hyalomma anatolicum anatolocum is one of the most important tick species in India (Geeverghese and Dhanda, 1987), which assumed noticeable importance because of its role as the major vector of the hemoprotozoan parasites. Besides, the role of Hyalomma species in transmitting the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus in humans has been established in different countries (Karti et al., 2004). Ticks produce severe economic losses through blood-sucking and acting as vectors of pathogens and toxins. In India alone, the cost of tick and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) in animals has been estimated to the tune of approx. Two thousand crores (Ghosh et al., 2007). Scanty literature is available pertaining to the life cycle of H. a. anatolicum in general and from Madhya Pradesh in particular. Therefore, the present study was designed to record the period of oviposition and hatching of eggs in H. a. anatolicum.

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Doganci ◽  
Meltem Ceyhan ◽  
Nuriye Fisgin Tasdeler ◽  
Hanife Sarikayalar ◽  
Necla Tulek
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

Although the pathology of Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is mainly related to a haemorrhagic process with secondary cytokine storm, there have been no published reports of this fatal disease being a cause of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH). There are many aetiological factors emphasizing the direct role of endothelial injury on DAH. We present the case of a young adult Turkish man with diffuse bilateral alveolar haemorrhage without an episode of gross haemoptysis caused by the CCHF virus. Successful clinical results and a rapid clinical and radiological clearance were obtained within few days after starting daily oral ribavirin treatment. This fatal infection should be considered to exist in any patient presenting with DAH, and should rapidly be treated with ribavirin. Another very important factor which should always be borne in mind is the contagious character of the CCHF virus. It is one of the most dangerous microorganisms transmitted from person to person. Even the bronchoscopes contaminated with patient blood carry a high risk for nosocomial spread to medical staff and other patients.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Anticoccidials: Methods and Molecules

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1962
Author(s):  
Martina Felici ◽  
Benedetta Tugnoli ◽  
Andrea Piva ◽  
Ester Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Avian Coccidiosis

Avian coccidiosis is a disease causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. It is caused by Eimeria spp., protozoan parasites characterized by an exogenous–endogenous lifecycle. In vitro research on these pathogens is very complicated and lacks standardization. This review provides a description of the main in vitro protocols so far assessed focusing on the exogenous phase, with oocyst viability and sporulation assays, and on the endogenous phase, with invasion and developmental assays in cell cultures and in ovo. An overview of these in vitro applications to screen both old and new remedies and to understand the relative mode of action is also discussed.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma bovis mbfN Encodes a Novel LRR Lipoprotein That Undergoes Proteolytic Processing and Binds Host Extracellular Matrix Components

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. e00154-20
Author(s):  
James Y. Adamu ◽  
Filimon Mitiku ◽  
Carol A. Hartley ◽  
Fiona M. Sansom ◽  
Marc S. Marenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Heparin Binding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components

ABSTRACTMycoplasma bovis causes serious infections in ruminants, leading to huge economic losses. Lipoproteins are key components of the mycoplasma membrane and are believed to function in nutrient acquisition, adherence, enzymatic interactions with the host, and induction of the host’s immune response to infection. Many genes of M. bovis have not been assigned functions, in part because of their low sequence similarity with other bacteria, making it difficult to extrapolate gene functions. This study examined functions of a surface-localized leucine-rich repeat (LRR) lipoprotein encoded by mbfN of M. bovis PG45. Homologs of MbfN were detected as 48-kDa peptides by Western blotting in all the strains of M. bovis included in this study, with the predicted 70-kDa full-length polypeptide detected in some strains. Sequence analysis of the gene revealed the absence in some strains of a region encoding the carboxyl-terminal 147 amino acids found in strain PG45, which could account for the variation detected by immunoblotting. In silico analysis of MbfN suggested that it may have an adhesion-related function. In vitro binding assays confirmed MbfN to be a fibronectin and heparin-binding protein. Disruption of mbfN in M. bovis PG45 significantly reduced (P = 0.033) the adherence of M. bovis PG45 to MDBK cells in vitro, demonstrating the role of MbfN as an adhesin.IMPORTANCE Experimental validation of the putative functions of genes in M. bovis will advance our understanding of the basic biology of this economically important pathogen and is crucial in developing prevention strategies. This study demonstrated the extracellular matrix binding ability of a novel immunogenic lipoprotein of M. bovis, and the role of this protein in adhesion by M. bovis suggests that it could play a role in virulence.

In vitro and in vivo efficacies of ivermectin and cypermethrin against the cattle tick Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (Acari: Ixodidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad S. Sajid ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad N. Khan ◽  
Ghulam Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum Anatolicum

In vivo and in vitro assessment of the role of glutathione antioxidant system in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Vávrová ◽  
Olga Popelová ◽  
Martin Štěrba ◽  
Eduard Jirkovský ◽  
Pavlína Hašková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Glutathione Antioxidant System ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

scholarly journals Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus Occurrence in Ixodi¬dae Ticks of Armenia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasmik Gevorgyan ◽  
Gohar G. Grigoryan ◽  
Hripsime A. Atoyan ◽  
Martin Rukhkyan ◽  
Astghik Hakobyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Remote Sites

Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) causes serious health problems in humans. Though ticks of the genera Hyalomma play a significant role in the CCHF virus transmission it was also found in 31 other tick species. Methods: Totally, 1412 ticks from 8 remote sites in Armenia during 2016 were sampled, pooled (3-5 ticks per pool) and tested for the presence of CCHFV antigen using ELISA test. Results: From 359 tick pools, 132 were CCHF virus antigen-positive. From 6 tick species, four species (Rhipicepha­lus sanguineus, R. annulatus, R. bursa, Hyalomma marginatum) were positive for the virus antigen and R. sanguineus was the most prevalent (37.9%). Dermacentor marginatus and Ixodes ricinus revealed no positive pools, but both revealed delectable but very low virus antigen titers. The highest infection rate (50%) was observed in R. sanguineus, whereas H. marginatus rate of infection was 1 out of 17 pools. Conclusion: For the first time in the last four decades CCHF virus antigen was detected in Ixodid ticks of Armenia. This finding substantiates the role of R. sanguineus in the disease epidemiology; however, the role of H. marginatum in the CCHF virus circulation in the country could not be excluded.

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