Application of Inherent Risk of Contagion (IRC) framework & modelling to aid local Covid-19 response & mitigation: Viewpoint (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Zakariah ◽  
Fadzilah bt Kamaluddin ◽  
Choo-Yee Ting ◽  
Hui-Jia Yee ◽  
Shereen Allaham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

UNSTRUCTURED The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 has been a major global public health problem threatening many countries and territories. Mathematical modelling is one of the non-pharmaceutical public health measures that plays a crucial role for mitigating the risk and impact of the pandemic. A group of researchers and epidemiologists have developed a machine learning-powered inherent risk of contagion (IRC) analytical framework to georeference the COVID-19 with an operational platform to plan response & execute mitigation activities. This framework dataset provides a coherent picture to track and predict the COVID-19 epidemic post lockdown by piecing together preliminary data on publicly available health statistic metrics alongside the area of reported cases, drivers, vulnerable population, and number of premises that are suspected to become a transmission area between drivers and vulnerable population. The main aim of this new analytical framework is to measure the IRC and provide georeferenced data to protect the health system, aid contact tracing, and prioritise the vulnerable.

scholarly journals Application of Inherent Risk of Contagion (IRC) framework and modelling to aid local Covid-19 response and mitigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Zakariah ◽  
Fadzilah bt Kamaluddin ◽  
Choo-Yee Ting ◽  
Hui-Jia Yee ◽  
Shereen Allaham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 represents a major global public health problem threatening many countries and territories. Mathematical modelling is one of the non-pharmaceutical public health measures that has the potential to play a crucial role for mitigating the risk and impact of the pandemic. A group of researchers and epidemiologists have developed a machine learning-powered inherent risk of contagion (IRC) analytical framework that, through the geo-referencing of COVID-19 cases in a particular region, is able to provide support to operational platforms from which response and mitigation activities can be planned and executed. This framework dataset provides a coherent picture to track and predict the COVID-19 epidemic post lockdown by piecing together preliminary data on publicly available health statistic metrics alongside the area of reported cases, drivers, vulnerable population, and number of premises that are suspected to become a transmission area between drivers and vulnerable population. The main aim of this new analytical framework is to measure the IRC and provide georeferenced data to protect the health system, aid contact tracing, and prioritise the vulnerable.

A Comprehensive Study on COVID-19 Epidemiology, Anatomical Assemblage and Its Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Sharma ◽  
◽  
Chourasiya R ◽  
Susha D ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Global Public Health Problem ◽  
Novel Therapeutic ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The COVID-19, or also called SARS-CoV-2, which is causative agent of probably inevitable disease which is of big global public health problem. COVID-19 is a positive stranded RNA virus that is majorly found in wildlife & humans. And the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus is unleashing chaos across the world due to inadequate risk assessment with reference to insistence of problem. The COVID-19 pandemic has enrolled in a critical novel phase. When compared to MERS & SARS, SARS-CoV-2 has transmitted more rapidly, because of increased globalization and adaptation of Novel coronavirus. However, the recent outbreak of COVID-19 showing an immediate requirement for therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2. Here, we have discussed the different symptoms in COVID-19, SARS, MERS & common flu as well as structure of virus regarding its immune response and we are providing a brief about the Indian traditional plants as conceivable novel therapeutic pathways.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Muslim Students, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110134
Author(s):  
Chutima Rattanawan ◽  
Suraiya Cheloh ◽  
Asma Maimahad ◽  
Malatee Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem. The prevalence of anemia among different ages, genders or ethnic groups must be clarified in order to solve problems. This study proposed to determine the prevalence and factors related to anemia among the Muslim school-age population in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were collected by a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected from 200 school-age subjects. The thalassemia screening was performed with KKU-OF and KKU-DCIP reagents. The prevalence of anemia in this study was 36.5%, divided into males and females, 33.3% and 39.1%, respectively. The means of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the anemic group were significantly lower. The positive results for KKU-OF or KKU-DCIP or both were 15.0%, 2.5%, and 1.0%, respectively. The result of positive OF test was a significantly independent factor for anemia. The number of family members was 5 to 7 and more than 7 persons are related factors for anemia in this study. In summary, the contribution of thalassemia and socio-economic factor are associated factors to anemia in this population. These findings should be addressed in public health strategies for the control of anemia of school-aged Muslims in the region.

scholarly journals Medication Error in Anaesthesia – A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Montosh Kumar Mondal ◽  
Beauty Rani Roy ◽  
Shibani Banik ◽  
Debabrata Banik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medication Error ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Medication error is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in medical profession . There is an increasing recognition that medication errors are causing a substantial global public health problem, as many result in harm to patients and increased costs to health providers.Anaesthesia is now safe and routine, yet anaesthetists are not immune from making medication errors and the consequences of their mistakes may be more serious than those of doctors in other specialties. Steps are being taken to determine the extent of the problem of medication error in anaesthesia. In this review, incidence, types, risk factors and preventive measures of the medication errors are discussed in detail.Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 31-35

scholarly journals Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection; recent findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e19-e19
Author(s):  
Alireza Pouramini ◽  
Fatemeh Kafi ◽  
Shakiba Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

COVID-19 infection increases the risk of death in patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes or obesity. The exact role of vitamin D in COVID-19 infection is unknown and controversial. Furthermore, the exact prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is still unknown but it affects individuals worldwide regardless of ethnicity and age. Herein, we give an overview of vitamin D deficiency as a global public health problem, the role of vitamin D in COVID-19 infection, and the proper approach to treating vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals PERSONAL HYGIENE AND ANTHELMINTIC CONSUMPTION IN PREVENTION OF ENTEROBIASIS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ratna Muliawati ◽  
Mushidah Mushidah ◽  
Siti Musyarofah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio

Background: Pinworm infection remains a global public health problem in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence in primary school–aged children. The government has made helminthiasis control efforts through annual deworming every six months, yet data on the enterobiasis prevalence and its risk factors are still limited. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the role of personal hygiene and anthelmintic or worm medicine consumption in the prevention of enterobiasis among primary school children. Methods: This research employed an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The population used was primary school children in the Public Health Center (PHC) of Kaliwungu area, Kendal District, Central Java Province. The research sample was 150 students from first grade to third grade at 1 Primary Elementary School 1 Kutoharjo. The data sources were obtained from interviews of risk factors and perianal swab examinations. The data were analyzed by a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pinworm infection among primary school children remains high (37.33%). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there are three determinant variables of pinworm infections: not washing hands with soap before eating (p < 0.01; Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 6.47; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 2.87 < POR < 14.59); not washing hands with soap after defecation (p = 0.01; POR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.40 < POR < 8.05); and not consuming anthelmintic drugs within the past six months (p = 0.03; POR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.08 < POR < 5.50). Conclusion: Hand washing habits and annual deworming are important factors to prevent pinworm infections.

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