Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Dogan ◽  
Pinar Turan ◽  
Mehmet Dogan ◽  
Mahir Alkan ◽  
Oktay Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidase ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Inhibitor

The paper reports the inhibition model of the purified polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with L-cysteine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide, benzoic acid, salicylic acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol, catechol and pyrogallol as substrates. The inhibitors such as salicylic acid, benzoic acid and EDTA did not inhibit Ocimum basilicum L. PPO for all substrates used in this study. Purification was carried out by precipitation of contaminating proteins with (NH4)2O4 dialysis of the supernatant and a Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid affinity chromatography. The enzyme-catalysed browning reaction was significantly inhibited in the presence of L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors. It was found that the inhibition types were (i) competitive inhibition for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tropolone and glutathione inhibitors using catechol as a substrate; and for ascorbic acid inhibitor using pyrogallol as a substrate, (ii) uncompetitive inhibition for gallic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using catechol as a substrate; for tropolone and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate, (iii) noncompetitive inhibition for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for D,L-dithiothreitol and sodium azide inhibitors using catechol as a substrate; and for L-cysteine, glutathione and sodium azide inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate. Furthermore, tropolone was the most effective inhibitor for Ocimum basilicum L. PPO because of its low KI value. Results showed that the type of inhibition depended on the origin of the PPO studied and also on the substrate used.

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase Enzyme from Damson Plum (Prunus insititia) by Spectrophotometrically

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selinnur Yıldız ◽  
Çiğdem Bilen ◽  
Emine Karakuş
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidase ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sepharose 4B ◽  
Amino Benzoic Acid

Abstract Polyphenol oxidase enzyme, performing browning reactions in fruits and vegetables, was purificated from damson plum (Prunus insititia) which has a high antioxidant activity. Firstly, partially purified polyphenol oxidase was treated by 0-80% ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis, respectively. Characterization studies were carried out by using catechol, 4-methyl catechol, pyrogallol and caffeic acid as 0.05M/ pH:7.2/ 25°C; 0.2M/ pH:4.5/ 10°C; 0.01M/ pH:6.8/ 5°C and 0.2M/ pH:8.5/ 10°C, respectively. The kinetic constants of Vmax and KM were calculated for the same substrates as 17219.97 U/(mL*min) and 11.67mM; 7309.72 U/(mL*min) and 5mM; 12580.12 U/(mL*min) and 3.74mM; 12100.41 U/(mL*min) and 6.25 mM, respectively. Catechol gave the highest Vmax value when compared to others. In the second step, purification was performed by using Sepharose 4B-L-Tyrosine-p-amino benzoic acid and Sepharose 6B-L-Tyrosine-p-amino benzoic acid affinity gels. A single band of approximately as 50-55 kDa was observed in SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE. 90 and 10.2 purification folds were obtained for Prunus insititia PPO by the reference Sepharose-4B-L-Tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid and original Sepharose-6B-L-Tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid gels, respectively. PPO enzyme purification from Prunus insititia by affinity chromatography has not been investigated in literature yet.

scholarly journals Effect of Chemical Inducers of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) for the Management of Late Blight Disease of Potato

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-41
Author(s):  
S. H. Peerzada ◽  
H. S. Viswanath ◽  
K. A. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Chemical Inducers ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidases ◽  
Average Maximum

Late blight of potato is one of the most devastating diseases with great economic importance. Among several disease management strategies, ISR (Induced systemic resistance) plays an important role in checking the disease spread. So, in the present study, nine different SAR chemical inducers viz. Phosphoric acid, Salicylic acid, Naphthalene acetic acid(NAA), Benzoic acid, Benzothiadiazole, Dichloro-iso nicotinic acid (INA) and Kinetin were evaluated at 0.05% (C1), 0.10% (C2) and 0.15% (C3) concentrations, whereas Calcium chloride and Ascorbic Acid at 3.5% (C1), 5.0% (C2), 6.5% (C3) and 1.5% (C1), 2.0% (C2), 2.5% (C3) respectively at three different concentrations each, along with positive and negative checks of standard fungicide metalaxyl 8+ macozeb 64 WP @0.25% and control(water) respectively by spraying them at 2-3 compound leaf stage of plants which were challenged by P. infestans inoculations five days later in pots to assess disease incidence and intensity which were recorded at weekly intervals of four stages (stage I-IV). It was found that the foliar spray with benzothiadiazole (BTH) @ 0.10 to 0.15% was best in delaying the appearance of first symptoms of the disease by 11 days followed by salicylic acid@ 0.10 to 0.15% and ascorbic acid @ 2.5% which delayed the symptom appearance by 9 days, whereas the standard fungicidal spray of metalaxyl 8 + mancozeb 64 WP at the recommended concentration of 0.25% delayed the symptom appearance by only 8 days when compared to water sprayed check. It was also found that on an average, BTH sprays completely arrested the late blight development (0% intensity) followed by salicylic acid, INA and ascorbic acid sprays exhibiting 0.46-0.74% mean blight intensity compared to 2.00 and 6.28 percent intensity recorded, respectively, on metalaxyl 8 + mancozeb 64 WP and water-sprayed plants one week after first appearance of disease in control pots (stage I). These treatments with chemical inducers showed an increase in the activity of peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases in the infected potato leaves as a result of SAR activity at all stages (stage I-IV). Average maximum peroxidase activity of 19.01-20.66 mg and polyphenol oxidase activity of 2.70-2.89 mg were recorded in the potato leaves during stage-I, sprayed with either BTH, benzoic acid, phosphoric acid or salicylic acid as compared to only (16.78 mg and 2.28 mg), (4.66 mg and 1.36 mg) recorded in (metalaxyl 8 + mancozeb 64 WP) and water-sprayed check respectively. The highest concentrations of all the test chemicals, in general, showed increased biochemical activity thereby yielding lesser blight intensity compared to their lower concentrations.

The role of benzoic acid, gallic acid and salicylic acid in protecting tomato callus cells from excessive boron stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 109867
Author(s):  
Fatma A. Farghaly ◽  
Hussein Kh. Salam ◽  
Afaf M. Hamada ◽  
Abeer A. Radi
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FENOLIK EKSTRAK DAUN JATI (Tectona grandis L.) DENGAN WAKTU DEKOMPOSISI YANG BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Vanilic Acid

Teak (Tectona grandis L.) is a plant with strong wood and is resistant to pests and diseases. In addition, its leaf extract is widely used by public as an additive in foods both as a preservative and as an alternative food coloring. The objective of this research was to determine phenolic compounds of teak leaves extracted with three different decomposition times (one, two and three weeks of decomposition). Extraction was conducted by using maceration method in which water was used as solvent. Identification of Phenolics was done by using Gas Chromatography. The results showed that the compounds of vanilic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, cumaric acid, gallic acid, benzoic acid and cafeic acid were identified in the analysis. The concentration and composition of phenolic compounds in the extract was determined by decomposition.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Biochemical Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants against Blood Cancer Clinical Isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1277-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afnan Abdul-Jalil Farhan ◽  
Munazza Gull ◽  
Sawsan Abdulaziz Rahimuddin ◽  
Taha Abdullah Kumosani ◽  
Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Hejin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Blood Cancer ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Boswellia Sacra

ABSTRACT: The need of antibiotics obviate in treated cancer patients when suppression of immune system leads to secondary infections development. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and biochemical profiling of various medicinal plants Trigonella foenum-graecum, Ocimum basilicum, Olea europaea, Mentha longifolia and Boswellia sacra against clinical isolates of blood cancer cases. Crude plant extracts in ethanol and methanol were used to test antimicrobial activity through disc diffusion method. Biochemical profiling identified the presence of Gallic acid, parahydroxy benzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid and ferulic acid by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Boswellia sacra showed the maximum antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridian with 12.4 mm inhibition zone. Trigonella foenum-graecum showed the maximum antibacterial activity against Salmonella Group B 11.8 mm with crude extracts in methanol. The antibacterial activity showed that Streptococcus viridian and Corynebacterium were more inhibited bacteria but Klebsiall pneumonia was found more resistant. Total phenolics analysis by HPLC revealed that parahydroxy benzoic acid was the major phenolic acid found in Olea europaea with 797.8 ng/g. The highest concentration of Gallic acid was found in Ocimum basilicum with 547.02 ng/g. These results indicated that these medicinal plants may serve as antimicrobial agents against clinical bacterial isolates from cancer patient successfully.

scholarly journals Promotion of Growth and Physiological Characteristics in Water-Stressed Triticum aestivum in Relation to Foliar-Application of Salicylic Acid

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1316
Author(s):  
Abida Parveen ◽  
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽  
Iqbal Hussain ◽  
Shagufta Perveen ◽  
Rizwan Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Growth Attributes

The present work reports the assessment of the effectiveness of a foliar-spray of salicylic acid (SA) on growth attributes, biochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and osmolytes accumulation in wheat grown under control (100% field capacity) and water stressed (60% field capacity) conditions. The total available water (TAW), calculated for a rooting depth of 1.65 m was 8.45 inches and readily available water (RAW), considering a depletion factor of 0.55, was 4.65 inches. The water contents corresponding to 100 and 60% field capacity were 5.70 and 1.66 inches, respectively. For this purpose, seeds of two wheat cultivars (Fsd-2008 and S-24) were grown in pots subjected to water stress. Water stress at 60% field capacity markedly reduced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins (TSP) and total phenolic contents (TPC) compared with control. However, cv. Fsd-2008 was recorded as strongly drought-tolerant and performed better compared to cv. S-24, which was moderately drought tolerant. However, water stress enhanced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane electrolyte leakage (EL) and modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) contents. Foliar-spray with salicylic acid (SA; 0, 3 mM and 6 mM) effectively mitigated the adverse effects of water stress on both cultivars. SA application at 6 mM enhanced the shoot and root length, as well as their fresh and dry weights, and improved photosynthetic pigments. SA foliage application further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and phenolics contents. However, foliar-spray of SA reduced MDA, H2O2 and membrane permeability in both cultivars under stress conditions. The results of the present study suggest that foliar-spray of salicylic acid was effective in increasing the tolerance of wheat plants under drought stress in terms of growth attributes, antioxidant defense mechanisms, accumulation of osmolytes, and by reducing membrane lipid peroxidation.

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