Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of New Vacuum Degassing Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Kumar Mondal ◽  
Govind Sharan Gupta ◽  
Shin-ya Kitamura ◽  
Nobuhiro Maruoka
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Decarburization Rate ◽  
Vacuum Degassing ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
New Process ◽  
Flow Phenomena

Recently, the demand of the steel having superior chemical and physical properties has increased for which the content of carbon must be in ultra low range. There are many processes which can produce low carbon steel such as tank degasser and RH (Rheinstahl-Heraeus) processes. It has been claimed that using a new process, called REDA (Revolutionary Degassing Activator), one can achieve the carbon content below 10ppm in less time. REDA process, in terms of installment cost, is in between the tank degasser and RH processes. As such, REDA process has not been studied thoroughly. Fluid flow phenomena affect the decarburization rate the most besides the chemical reaction rate. Therefore, momentum balance equations along with k-? turbulent model have been solved for gas and liquid phases in two-dimension (2D) for REDA process. The fluid flow phenomena have been studied in details for this process by varying gas flow rate, depth of immersed snorkel in the steel, diameter of the snorkel and change in vacuum pressure. It is found that the design of the snorkel affects the melt circulation of the bath significantly.

Influence of Electrode Argon-Hydrogen Co-Injection on Carbon Content in a Alternating Current Ladle Furnace

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2361-2364
Author(s):  
Dong Ping Zhan ◽  
Hui Shu Zhang ◽  
Zhou Hua Jiang ◽  
Wei Gong ◽  
Zhao Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Local Equilibrium ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Ladle Furnace ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Decarburization Rate

About 80 kg low carbon steel was refined in a multifunction ladle furnace (AC-LF) with alternating current supplying. The argon-hydrogen gas mixtures were injected into the electric arc zone through one hollow graphite electrode. The flow rate of the gas mixtures was 3 m3/h. Results of the tests and the calculation based on the plasma local equilibrium thermodynamics and metallurgical thermodynamics theories show that, when the argon-hydrogen gas mixtures are injected into the electric arc zone, the carburetion rate is 4.7×10-6per minute for the steel heated by conventional AC-LF, which is 1.26 and 1.51 times of the heats blown 90%Ar-10%H2and 80%Ar-20%H2, respectively. The carburetion rate is reduced by 20% at least when argon-hydrogen gas mixtures are blown into the furnace. When H2content in the gas mixtures reached 20% from 0, the decarburization rate increased but the total reaction rate decreases by 1.59×10-6per minute.

scholarly journals ENENTUAN PARAMETER PENGELASAN RANGKA UTAMA SEPEDA MOTOR MATIC BAGIAN DEPAN MENGGUNAKAN LAS MIG OTOMATIS (PANASONIC TM-1400G3)

POROS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Yusril Irwan ◽  
Gatot Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Welding Machine ◽  
Main Frame

Abstract: Main frame welding at the front automatic motorcycle of PT. XXX is the stage of (trial production). The welding machine is Panasonic TM-1400G3 MIG automatic welding machine with 75% Argon and 25% Ar-CO2. Main frame material low carbon steel STAM 390G. To obtain the welding results in accordance with the standards specified by the client, weld testing parameters are varied for each test, which are ampere and voltage. The constant welding parameters in this research are travel speed, gas flow, welding direction, tip distance to workpiece, torch angle and welding angle. All test results are inspected visually and dimensionally, if passed, it will be followed by inspection of macro structure analysis. The results measured on the macro structure analysis ar : penetration (a1), penetration (a2), bead welding, throuth, leg length and crown with standard measurement values determined by the client PT.XXX. The welding results (OK) in the macro structure analysis measurement are defined as reference parameters for mass production. The best parameters for main frame welding are vertical position down (3G) with 170 Ampere current and 20 Volt voltages, and for horizontal position (2G) with 180 ampere current parameters and 17 Volt voltages. 

Objective Laws of Nitrogen Removal in the Vacuum Tank Degasser

2020 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 381-387
Author(s):  
Vlasta D. Tutarova ◽  
Alexey N. Shapovalov ◽  
Alexander N. Kalitaev
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Vacuum Degassing ◽  
Rational Combination ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Steel Treatment

This article discusses the problems of efficient removal of nitrogen in the vacuum tank degasser operating at the electric arc furnace shop of Uralskaya Stal (Ural Steel) OJSC in the course of manufacturing of high-quality low carbon steel grades by means of steel grades «2» and «T». In order to determine the reasonable and balanced treatment parameters that ensure the required level of nitrogen content in the above steel grades, an analysis of production data for the period of November-December 2016 has been carried out. This analysis is the basis for identifying the vacuum degassing parameters in compliance with the technological capabilities and well-balanced levels, which allow predicting the level of nitrogen content in steel. To assess the cumulative quantitative effect of the main parameters of vacuum degassing on nitrogen removal, there has been performed a regression analysis. As a result, there have been obtained multiple regression equations describing a rational combination of steel treatment parameters for achieving the required nitrogen removal level.

Modeling of heat transfer and fluid flow during gas tungsten arc spot welding of low carbon steel

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 3022-3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zhang ◽  
G. G. Roy ◽  
J. W. Elmer ◽  
T. DebRoy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Gas Tungsten

The Influence of Critical Turning Point of Argon Flowrate Ascension on Decarburization Rate of RH Treatment for Ultra-Low Carbon Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1025-1030
Author(s):  
Chong Wei Li ◽  
Guo Guang Cheng ◽  
Ai Min Cui
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Bubble Surface ◽  
Droplet Surface ◽  
Gas Bubble ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Decarburization Rate ◽  
Argon Gas ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Ultra Low Carbon Steel

Through the mathematical model of RH vacuum decarburization, the decarburization mechanism of argon gas bubble surface was studied. By the RH equipment of Shougang Qian’an Iron and Steel Co. Ltd for background, the calculated results of this model showed that the decarburization quantity of argon gas bubble surface was about 8% that of overall decarburization. In the initial conditions was constant, the ascension of argon flowrate will promote the decarburization quantity of argon gas bubble surface, free surface and splash droplet surface as well as reducing the decarburization quantity of internal liquid steel decarburization. Based on the commercial production data, it was found the best opportunity of ascension blow argon flowrate to acquire lower carbon content in relatively shorter time.

Decarburization rate of RH refining for ultra low carbon steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai-song Liu ◽  
Guo-sen Zhu ◽  
Huan-xi Li ◽  
Ben-hai Li ◽  
Yang cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Decarburization Rate ◽  
Ultra Low Carbon Steel

A Stagnation Flow Analysis of the Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Phenomena in Laser Drilling

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Batteh ◽  
M. M. Chen ◽  
J. Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Laser Drilling ◽  
Beam Radius ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Stagnation Flow ◽  
Laser Materials ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Flow Phenomena

This paper presents a quasi-steady stagnation flow analysis for the material removal processes in high-intensity laser materials processing, such as laser drilling. The governing stagnation flow equations for the heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena are derived for the region near the centerline of the laser beam. The analysis accounts for conduction in the solid, conduction, and convection in the melt layer, and the latent heats of melting and vaporization. The stagnation flow governing equations and boundary conditions are appropriately normalized and solved, and the important combinations of material properties and independent laser parameters are identified. This semiquantitative analysis yields quasi-steady estimates for the penetration velocity, the thickness of the melt layer, the velocity and temperature profiles in the melt layer, and the fraction of melt that is vaporized for varying absorbed laser power and beam radius. Inviscid results from the stagnation flow analysis are shown for five different materials: aluminum, copper, low carbon steel, stainless steel, and titanium. Relatively good agreement exists between the results from the analysis and experimental data from the literature. [S0022-1481(00)01804-1]

A new process to fabricate ultrafine-grained low-carbon steel with high strength and high elongation

2010 ◽  
Vol 528 (2) ◽  
pp. 784-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lei ◽  
T.S. Wang ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
X.J. Zhang ◽  
Q.F. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
New Process ◽  
High Elongation

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Parametric Optimization of Weld Strength of Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding by using Analysis of Variance, Taguchi, and VIKOR Techniques

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 463-471
Author(s):  
Shivani Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Mig Welding ◽  
Vikor Method ◽  
Quality Response

Abstract: Welding is an enormously essential manufacturing technique which allows the users to create permanent joints efficiently, due to its durability this process is extensively used in various industries like automotive, construction as well as in the aviation industry. The present study focuses on the optimization of the Metal Arc Welding using VIKOR method. Four input variables Current, Voltage, Wire Feed Rate and Gas Flow Rate are considered to study their effect on three responses tensile, bending and hardness on the weldments of AISI 1008 low carbon steel material. Experiments were planned as per Taguchi‘s L9 OA. As traditional Taguchi method is not adequate to solve multi responses problem, to overcome this limitation MCDM approach VIKOR analysis has been carried out for obtaining optimal parameters setting for multi-response optimization. Three specimens (for tensile, bending, and hardness) for each experimental run are fabricated for the measurement of respective strength and hardness. Investigation is done by following the steps of VIKOR method, and optimal parameter setting for multi quality response is obtained corresponding to the lower VIKOR index value. Keywords: Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding, VIKOR, S/N ratio, ANOVA

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