A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EVALUATION AS THE ASPECT OF THE ROAD SURFACE BY THREE-DIMENSIONAL COORDINATE DATA AND THE STRUCTURAL SOUNDNESS

The surface conditions of road pavements, including the occurrence and severity of distresses present on the surface, are an important indicator of pavement performance. Periodic monitoring and condition assessment is an essential requirement for the safety of vehicles moving on that road and the wellbeing of people. The traditional characterization of the different types of distress often involves complex activities, sometimes inefficient and risky, as they interfere with road traffic. The mobile laser systems (MLS) are now widely used to acquire detailed information about the road surface in terms of a three-dimensional point cloud. Despite its increasing use, there are still no standards for the acquisition and processing of the data collected. The aim of our work was to develop a procedure for processing the data acquired by MLS, in order to identify the localized degradations that mostly affect safety. We have studied the data flow and implemented several processing algorithms to identify and quantify a few types of distresses, namely potholes and swells/shoves, starting from very dense point clouds. We have implemented data processing in four steps: (i) editing of the point cloud to extract only the points belonging to the road surface, (ii) determination of the road roughness as deviation in height of every single point of the cloud with respect to the modeled road surface, (iii) segmentation of the distress (iv) computation of the main geometric parameters of the distress in order to classify it by severity levels. The results obtained by the proposed methodology are promising. The procedures implemented have made it possible to correctly segmented and identify the types of distress to be analyzed, in accordance with the on-site inspections. The tests carried out have shown that the choice of the values of some parameters to give as input to the software is not trivial: the choice of some of them is based on considerations related to the nature of the data, for others, it derives from the distress to be segmented. Due to the different possible configurations of the various distresses it is better to choose these parameters according to the boundary conditions and not to impose default values. The test involved a 100-m long urban road segment, the surface of which was measured with an MLS installed on a vehicle that traveled the road at 10 km/h.

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The Application of Airborne LiDAR System in Geological Disasters

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1921 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 807-809 ◽

pp. 1921-1927

Author(s):

Peng Tong ◽

Hong Cheng Liu ◽

Shuai Hua Gao

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Airborne Lidar ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

Lidar System ◽

Geological Disasters ◽

Disaster Assessment ◽

Point Data ◽

Three Dimensional Coordinate ◽

Data Acquisition And Processing ◽

Coordinate Data

Airborne LiDAR System is a laser detection and ranging system for quickly obtaining high-precision, high-density three-dimensional coordinate data. The target information after the geological disasters can be victimized for disaster assessment and decision analysis to provide effective support, LiDAR provides a new technical means for disaster mitigation, relief works. This paper focuses on the application of airborne LiDAR system in geological disasters, it summarizes some experience of the LiDAR point data acquisition and processing, and the results of the LiDAR point data.

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Optimal Active Control of Vehicle Suspension System Including Time Delay and Preview for Rough Roads

Journal of Vibration and Control ◽

10.1177/107754602029586 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 967-991 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Javad Marzbanrad ◽

Goodarz Ahmadi ◽

Yousef Hojjat ◽

Hassan Zohoor

Keyword(s):

Ride Comfort ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Suspension System ◽

Road Surface ◽

Vehicle Suspension ◽

Control Force ◽

Preview Control ◽

The Road ◽

Road Surface Roughness ◽

Vehicle Suspension System

An optimal preview control of a vehicle suspension system traveling on a rough road is studied. A three-dimensional seven degree-of-freedom car-riding model and several descriptions of the road surface roughness heights, including haversine (hole/bump) and stochastic filtered white noise models, are used in the analysis. It is assumed that contact-less sensors affixed to the vehicle front bumper measure the road surface height at some distances in the front of the car. The suspension systems are optimized with respect to ride comfort and road holding preferences including accelerations of the sprung mass, tire deflection, suspension rattle space and control force. The performance and power demand of active, active and delay, active and preview systems are evaluated and are compared with those for the passive system. The results show that the optimal preview control improves all aspects of the vehicle suspension performance while requiring less power. Effects of variation of preview time and variations in the road condition are also examined.

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ROAD SURFACE DETECTION FROM MOBILE LIDAR DATA

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-5-95-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol IV-5 ◽

pp. 95-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Yadav ◽

B. Lohani ◽

A. K. Singh

Keyword(s):

Point Cloud ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Test Site ◽

Road Surface ◽

Lidar Data ◽

Rural Roads ◽

The Road ◽

Surface Detection ◽

Rural Road ◽

Data Points

Abstract. The accurate three-dimensional road surface information is highly useful for health assessment and maintenance of roads. It is basic information for further analysis in several applications including road surface settlement, pavement condition assessment and slope collapse. Mobile LiDAR system (MLS) is frequently used now a days to collect detail road surface and its surrounding information in terms three-dimensional (3D) point cloud. Extraction of road surface from volumetric point cloud data is still in infancy stage because of heavy data processing requirement and the complexity in the road environment. The extraction of roads especially rural road, where road-curb is not present is very tedious job especially in Indian roadway settings. Only a few studies are available, and none for Indian roads, in the literature for rural road detection. The limitations of existing studies are in terms of their lower accuracy, very slow speed of data processing and detection of other objects having similar characteristics as the road surface. A fast and accurate method is proposed for LiDAR data points of road surface detection, keeping in mind the essence of road surface extraction especially for Indian rural roads. The Mobile LiDAR data in XYZI format is used as input in the proposed method. First square gridding is performed and ground points are roughly extracted. Then planar surface detection using mathematical framework of principal component analysis (PCA) is performed and further road surface points are detected using similarity in intensity and height difference of road surface pointe in their neighbourhood.A case study was performed on the MLS data points captured along wide-street (two-lane road without curb) of 156m length along rural roadway site in the outskirt of Bengaluru city (South-West of India). The proposed algorithm was implemented on the MLS data of test site and its performance was evaluated it terms of recall, precision and overall accuracy that were 95.27%, 98.85% and 94.23%, respectively. The algorithm was found computationally time efficient. A 7.6 million MLS data points of size 27.1MB from test site were processed in 24 minutes using the available computational resources. The proposed method is found to work even for worst case scenarios, i.e., complex road environments and rural roads, where road boundary is not clear and generally merged with road-side features.

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Three-Dimensional Coordinate Data Processing in Human Motion Analysis

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.3426258 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 279-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

T. P. Andriacchi ◽

S. J. Hampton ◽

A. B. Schultz ◽

J. O. Galante

Keyword(s):

Data Processing ◽

Gait Analysis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Human Motion ◽

Human Gait ◽

Human Motion Analysis ◽

Coordinate Processing ◽

Three Dimensional Coordinate ◽

Human Gait Analysis ◽

Coordinate Data

A method for three-dimensional coordinate processing of human motion is presented. The method is well suited for use with opto-electronic data acquisition equipment. A resolution of one part in 500 was achieved over a viewing field of 2.4 m. This resolution was found to be adequate for human gait analysis studies.

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Application of Lodrigues Matrix in Coordinate Transformation of Similar Material Simulation Experiment

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.204 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 455-456 ◽

pp. 204-210

Author(s):

Guo Wang ◽

Xi Min Cui ◽

De Bao Yuan ◽

Ya Hui Qiu ◽

Jin Lin Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coordinate Transformation ◽

Simulation Experiment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Similar Material ◽

Rotation Parameters ◽

Three Dimensional Coordinate ◽

Coordinate Conversion ◽

Coordinate Data ◽

Matrix Conversion ◽

Similar Material Simulation

In the two-dimensional experiment of similar material simulation, three-dimensional coordinate data obtained by total station should be conversed to the coordinate system which is concerned in the experiment.When using bursa-wolf model to converse coordinate,the three rotation parameters should be linearized,which will affect the accuracy of coordinate conversion if the three rotation parameters are big.In this paper,it is researched that using an antisymmetric matrix which is consist of three separate parameters to substitute for the three rotation parameters,and then the lodrigues matrix is composed from the antisymmetric matrix. Conversion results showed that: By introducing of lodrigues matrix, not only the algorithm becomes simple but also the coordinate transformation precision is improved.

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Quantitative visualization of physical barriers for vulnerable pedestrians based on photogrammetry

Construction Innovation ◽

10.1108/ci-04-2021-0087 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Koki Taniguchi ◽

Satoshi Kubota ◽

Yoshihiro Yasumuro

Keyword(s):

Effective Means ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Road Surface ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Web Based ◽

Content Type ◽

Wheelchair Users ◽

Digital Twin ◽

The Road ◽

Physical Barriers

Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose a method for vulnerable pedestrians to visualize potential obstacles on sidewalks. In recent years, the number of vulnerable pedestrians has been increasing as Japanese society has aged. The number of wheelchair users is also expected to increase in the future. Currently, barrier-free maps and street-view applications can be used by wheelchair users to check possible routes and the surroundings of their destinations in advance. However, identifying physical barriers that pose a threat to vulnerable pedestrians en route is often difficult. Design/methodology/approach This study uses photogrammetry to create a digital twin of the three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the existing walking space by collecting photographic images taken on sidewalks. This approach allows for the creation of high-resolution digital elevation models of the entire physical sidewalk surface from which physical barriers such as local gradients and height differences can be detected by uniform image filtering. The method can be used with a Web-based data visualization tool in a geographical information system, permitting first-person views of the ground and accurate geolocation of the barriers on the map. Findings The findings of this study showed that capturing the road surface with a small wide-angle camera while walking is sufficient for recording subtle 3D undulations in the road surface. The method used for capturing data and the precision of the 3D restoration results are described. Originality/value The proposed approach demonstrates the significant benefits of creating a digital twin of walking space using photogrammetry as a cost-effective means of balancing the acquisition of 3D data that is sufficiently accurate to show the detailed geometric features needed to navigate a walking space safely. Further, the findings showed how information can be provided directly to users through two-dimensional (2D) and 3D Web-based visualizations.

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