scholarly journals La desigualdad como ventaja comparativa: fronteras, asimetrías territoriales y extractivismo agrícola; Apuntes desde el caso de Honduras / Inequality as a Comparative Advantage: Borders, Territorial Asymmetries and Agricultural Extractivism; Notes of the case of Honduras

Revista Trace ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Delphine Prunier
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Central America ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Rural Studies ◽  
Know How ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Productive Systems

Al cruce entre estudios migratorios y estudios rurales, el artículo explora las condiciones de la construcción de un terreno fértil para la expulsión migratoria en Centroamérica. Para comprender mejor las situaciones de desigualdades y exclusión que caracterizan actualmente los espacios rurales en la región, propone convocar un análisis histórico y espacial de las múltiples capas de fronteras que atraviesan las sociedades marginalizadas, tanto social como territorialmente, en el caso de Honduras. Se trata de evidenciar que los sistemas productivos globales extractivos y el capitalismo en su fase contemporánea de globalización se basan en procesos de diferenciación, contraste y heterogeneidad en los que se saben apoyar. Se observan en particular las diferentes etapas de reformas agrarias, la expansión del cultivo de palma africana en el litoral norte y las lógicas de dominación y organización social de las cadenas productivas. La contribución se dedica a explorar dos aceptaciones de la noción de frontera —la agrícola y la social—, desde el enfoque de la discontinuidad, las relaciones de poder y las asimetrías territoriales que explican en parte el fenómeno actual de expulsión migratoria en Honduras.Abstract: At the crossroads between migratory studies and rural studies, the article explores the conditions for the construction of a fertile ground for migratory expulsion in Central America. To better understand the situations of inequalities and exclusion that currently characterize rural spaces in the region, it proposes to convene a historical and spatial analysis of the multiple layers of frontiers that cross marginalized societies, both socially and territorially, in the case of Honduras. It is about demonstrating that the global extractive productive systems and capitalism in its contemporary phase of globalization are based on processes of differentiation, contrast and heterogeneity on which they know how to support. The different stages of agrarian reforms, the expansion of the cultivation of African palm in the north coast and the logics of domination and social organization of the productive chains are observed in particular. The contri-bution is dedicated to exploring two acceptances of the notion of frontier —the agricultural and the social— from the perspective of discontinuity, power relations and territorial asymmetries that partly explain the current phenomenon of migratory expulsion in Honduras.Keywords: agricultural extractivism; African palm; frontiers; migration; Honduras.Résumé : À la croisée des études migratoires et des études rurales, l’article explore les conditions de construction d’un terrain propice à l’expulsion migratoire en Amérique centrale. Pour mieux comprendre les situations d’inégalités et d’exclusion qui caractérisent actuellement les espaces ruraux de la région, il propose de convoquer une analyse historique et spatiale des multiples couches de frontières qui traversent les sociétés marginalisées, du point de vue social et territorial, dans le cas du Honduras. Il s’agit de démontrer que les systèmes productifs extractifs mondiaux et le capitalisme dans sa phase contemporaine de mondialisation reposent sur des processus de différenciation, de contraste et d’hétérogénéité sur lesquels ils savent s’appuyer. On observe en particulier les différentes étapes des réformes agraires, l’expansion de la culture de la palme africaine sur la côte nord et les logiques de domination et d’organisation sociale des chaînes productives. La contribution cherche à explorer deux acceptations de la notion de frontière — agricole et sociale —, du point de vue de la discontinuité, des relations de pouvoir et des asymétries territoriales qui expliquent en partie le phénomène actuel d’expulsion migratoire au Honduras.Mots-clés: extractivisme agricole ; palme africaine ; frontières ; migration ; Honduras. 

THE SOCIAL DYNAMICS AND ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS OF THE HOUSEHOLDS AT GRAMALOTE, A SMALL-SCALE RESIDENTIAL SETTLEMENT DURING THE SECOND MILLENNIUM BC ON THE NORTH COAST OF PERU

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Interactions

Excavations at the small-scale domestic settlement of Gramalote between 2010 and 2014 allowed the exploration of the social dynamics and economic interactions in the second millennium BC on the Peruvian North Coast. Detailed excavations and materials recovered during the intervention contribute a unique opportunity to explore domestic aspects of early settlements in the Andes. This study presents new data on the public sectors of Gramalote's settlement, house-to-house differences, and evidence that the extended family was a unit of economic productivity and collective action. This analysis assesses the degree of overlap, and lack thereof, in the economic activities of each house during the Initial Period (1500–1200 cal BC). A new model for social and economic interactions is proposed, with the aim of exploring alternative models from the bottom-up perspective for the emergence and consolidation of social complexity in the Central Andean Region.

Biodiversity, Social Actors and Networks Enlarging the Dialogues

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Charão MARQUES ◽  
Lidiane Fernandes Da LUZ ◽  
Rumi Regina KUBO
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
The North ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Coast Region

This paper presents an analysis of the social actors networking towards the feasibility of using native biodiversity for food production based on an empirical study conducted in South Brazil. Specifically, the North Coast Region has had a series of environmental problems resulting in conflicts on the use of resources. The search for solutions and public debate brought together farmers’ organizations, social movements, NGOs, government agencies, and academic groups. Recently, some of these actors established a common platform to raise food production based on native species of fruits giving rise to the ‘agrobiodiversity network’ in part by the activation of pre-existing networks but also requiring the entry of new players. On the other hand, forming agreements between different actors to consolidate the network has been difficult especially about the issue of rules that limit the access to native species and those that regulate food processing. The analysis has shown that the involved actors are amplifying the dialogues and collective learning processes thus building a common ground and shared beliefs.

MAIZE PREPARATION AND THE AZTEC SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Biskowski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Causal Factor ◽  
Subsistence Economy ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Specialized System

The study of changes in the social organization of maize preparation provides an important opportunity to examine the integration of households into larger systems of social and economic relationships. Spatial analysis of the distribution of manos and metates at Otumba demonstrates a change in maize production from individual, household based to a more specialized system. It is hypothesized that scarcity of firewood for cooking was a causal factor for this change, but more evidence is needed to test this idea.

scholarly journals ADAPTASI ARSITEKTUR VERNAKULAR KAMPUNG NELAYAN BUGIS DI KAMAL MUARA

NALARs ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Primi Artiningrum ◽  
Danto Sukmajati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Village

ABSTRAK.Masyarakat Bugis terkenal sebagai pelaut ulung di Indonesia yang telah menjelajahi seluruh wilayah nusantara.Oleh karena itu permukiman masyarakat Bugis dapat ditemukan di hampir seluruh wilayah Indonesia, terutama di kawasan pesisir.Di pantai Utara Jakarta juga terdapat satu kampung nelayan Bugis, yaitu di wilayah Kamal Muara.Karakter fisik dari permukiman ini menunjukkan ciri-ciri arsitektur vernacular Bugis yang dapat dilihat dari bentuk rumah-rumahnya.Akan tetapi, kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda dengan di tempat asalnya memaksa masyarakat kampung Bugis tersebut untuk beradaptasi baik terhadap lingkungan fisik maupun lingkungan sosial budayanya.Adaptasi tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan-perubahan pada bentuk dan pola perkampungannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh adaptasi terhadap bentuk rumah dan pola kampung yang dibandingkan dengan arsitektur Bugis yang asli.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara kepada informan kunci termasuk beberapa pemilik rumah.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasinya adapatasi bentuk arsitektur dan pola kampung terkait dengan kondisi lingkungan dan sosial budaya. Kata  kunci : adaptasi, vernakular, arsitektur, nelayan, kampung ABSTRACT.Bugis people are famous as the best sailor in Indonesia who have sailed all over the archipelago. Their settlements can be found all over the country especially in the coastal area. Kamal Muara is one of the Bugis fishermen village located in the North coast of Jakarta. The physical character of this settlement demonstrates Bugis vernacular architecture which is especially noticeable in the form of its houses. However, the new place has forced the people to adapt to the physical environment as well as to the social and cultural environment. Consequently, the adaptation caused changes of architectural shapes and the pattern of the village. This objective of this research was to find out the influence of the adaptation to the house form and village pattern that was compared to its original Bugis Architecture. The method of this research was qualitative descriptive research. The data was collected through field study, observation, and interview to the key informants including the owner of the houses. The outcomes of this research is the identification of the adaptation in architectural form and village pattern related to the environmental condition and the sociocultural problem. Keywords:  adaptation, vernacular, architecture, fishermen, village

scholarly journals Gubernur Jenderal VOC Jan Pieterszoon Coen dan Pembangun Kota Batavia (1619-1629)

Sosio e-kons ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Rani Noviyanti
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The establishment of the city of Batavia on the west coast of the north coast of Java, cannot be separated from the role of a figure named Jean Pieterzoon Coen. Although previously Jayakarta (the name before Batavia), was controlled and built by Pangeran Fatahillah, the situation and conditions in the social and economic fields of Jayakarta were not like the management of J.P. Coen. After Jayakarta was controlled by the VOC, through a military expedition policy designed by JP. Coen, the condition of the city of Jayakarta slowly gradually increased in the social and economic fields. The increase in the city of Batavia in the social and economic fields was based on three JP policies. Coen was quite brave, namely increasing trade activities in the Sunda port of Kalapa, revitalizing the position of the islands in northern Batavia as a base of administration and defense and security, and opening the widest door for Chinese traders and immigrants. The three policies, in fact, were purely based on the thoughts outlined by JP. Coen, after taking over the Jayakarta area from the mastery of Prince Fatahillah.</p><p>Keywords: J.P. Coen, Kota Batavia.</p><p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong></p><p>Pendirian kota Batavia di sebelah barat pesisir pantai utara Jawa, tidak dapat dipisahkan dari peran seorang tokoh yang bernama Jean Pieterzoon Coen. Meskipun sebelumnya Jayakarta (nama sebelum Batavia), dikuasai dan dibangun oleh Pangeran Fatahillah, akan tetapi situasi dan kondisi dalam bidang sosial dan ekonomi Jayakarta tidak seperti pada masa pengelolaan J.P. Coen. Setelah Jayakarta dikuasai oleh VOC, melalui kebijakan ekspedisi militer yang dirancang oleh JP. Coen, keadaan kota Jayakarta perlahan demi perlahan semakin meningkat dalam bidang sosial dan ekonomi. Peningkatan kota Batavia dalam lapangan sosial dan ekonomi dilatari oleh tiga kebijakan JP. Coen yang cukup berani, yakni meningkatkan aktivitas perdagangan di pelabuhan Sunda Kalapa, merevitalisasi kedudukan pulau-pulau di utara Batavia sebagai basis adiministrasi dan pertahanan dan keamanan, serta membuka pintu seluas-luasnya bagi pedagang dan pendatang etnis Tionghoa. Tiga kebijakan tersebut, sejatinya meurpakan murni hasil pemikiran yang dituangkan olh JP. Coen, setelah mengambil alih wilayah Jayakarta dari penguasaan pangeran Fatahillah.</p><p>Kata Kunci : J.P. Coen, Kota Batavia.</p>

scholarly journals Social and Cultural Relations in Islamic Law in Javanese Context: KH. Bisri Musthofa’s Thoughts on Qur’an and Hadith Issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akmaluddin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Cultural Setting ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social

In epistemological studies, environment creates knowledge and meaning of life for society. Knowledge is used to achieve goals and expectations of society. As result and product of society, knowledge reflects existing phenomenon and information. The presence or the absence of innovative knowledge is determined by the existing knowledge system in the society. Studies of Islamic law epistemology in Indonesia, especially on the north coast of Java, are connected to the social and cultural settings. Social setting influences the study of the Qur’an and Hadith toward relations between individuals and groups and their behaviors. Cultural setting influences the authors of Qur’anic and Hadith commentary to negotiate their understanding of customs and traditions. Both settings influence Islamic law in Java. Thus, the understanding of the Islamic law on the north coast of Java is not only by passive, imitative and following the thinking in the Arabian peninsula. The interpretation of the Qur’an and the understanding of Hadith in Java show the existence of an active, creative and continuing process of negotiation on the realities of society, social and culture. The process is then reconciling both sources of law, among religious texts and cultural and social reality, and between sharia and haqiqa. The reconciling shows that Islamic law is in its epistemic space on the north coast of Java in the 20th century.

The Influence of Kinship in the Social Organization of North East Brazilian Fishermen: A Contrast in Case-Studies

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-313
Author(s):  
Simon Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
General Level ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kinship Relations

At a general level this paper is concerned with the problem of anthropological interpretation of kinship and its significance in peasant communities. In specific terms I describe and discusss a striking difference in interpretation by two observers, Forman and myself, with regard to the form and significance of kinship relations in two communities on the North East Brazilian littoral. The disparity between our conclusions brings up basic questions of a methodological and epistemological kind in much the same way as do Red- field and Lewis's findings in Tepoztlan.

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