scholarly journals Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungi Nigrospora oryzae

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1016
Author(s):  
Antonius Rolling Basa Ola ◽  
Titus Lapailaka ◽  
Hermania Em Wogo ◽  
Julinda Bendalina Dengga Henuk ◽  
Agnes Simamora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Chemical Investigation ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Nigrospora Oryzae

Mangrove forest has a distinctive habitat adapting with marine and terrestrial environment. Chemical investigation of the extract from mangrove endophytic fungi Nigrospora oryzae had resulted in the isolation of sterigmatocystin (1) and pestalopyrone (2). The structure of sterigmatocystin (1) and pestalopyrone (2) were elucidated using mass, UV and NMR spectrometers together with the comparison with the literature data. The study also showed that sterigmatocystin displayed moderate cytotoxicity but it could be further developed as antiviral and antibacterial agent based on the SAR information reported from its analogue and derivatives.

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Endophytic Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1836-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Ancheeva ◽  
Georgios Daletos ◽  
Peter Proksch
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Fungal Genes

Background: Endophytes represent a complex community of microorganisms colonizing asymptomatically internal tissues of higher plants. Several reports have shown that endophytes enhance the fitness of their host plants by direct production of bioactive secondary metabolites, which are involved in protecting the host against herbivores and pathogenic microbes. In addition, it is increasingly apparent that endophytes are able to biosynthesize medicinally important “phytochemicals”, originally believed to be produced only by their host plants. Objective: The present review provides an overview of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi with pronounced biological activities covering the literature between 2010 and 2017. Special focus is given on studies aiming at exploration of the mode of action of these metabolites towards the discovery of leads from endophytic fungi. Moreover, this review critically evaluates the potential of endophytic fungi as alternative sources of bioactive “plant metabolites”. Results: Over the past few years, several promising lead structures from endophytic fungi have been described in the literature. In this review, 65 metabolites are outlined with pronounced biological activities, primarily as antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. Some of these metabolites have shown to be highly selective or to possess novel mechanisms of action, which hold great promises as potential drug candidates. Conclusion: Endophytes represent an inexhaustible reservoir of pharmacologically important compounds. Moreover, endophytic fungi could be exploited for the sustainable production of bioactive “plant metabolites” in the future. Towards this aim, further insights into the dynamic endophyte - host plant interactions and origin of endophytic fungal genes would be of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Structurally Uncommon Secondary Metabolites Derived from Endophytic Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Humberto E. Ortega ◽  
Daniel Torres-Mendoza ◽  
Zuleima Caballero E. ◽  
Luis Cubilla-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structural Classes

Among microorganisms, endophytic fungi are the least studied, but they have attracted attention due to their high biological diversity and ability to produce novel and bioactive secondary metabolites to protect their host plant against biotic and abiotic stress. These compounds belong to different structural classes, such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, polyketides, and steroids, which could present significant biological activities that are useful for pharmacological or medical applications. Recent reviews on endophytic fungi have mainly focused on the production of novel bioactive compounds. Here, we focus on compounds produced by endophytic fungi, reported with uncommon bioactive structures, establishing the neighbor net and diversity of endophytic fungi. The review includes compounds published from January 2015 to December 2020 that were catalogued as unprecedented, rare, uncommon, or possessing novel structural skeletons from more than 39 different genera, with Aspergillus and Penicillium being the most mentioned. They were reported as displaying cytotoxic, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, or anti-inflammatory activity. The solid culture, using rice as a carbon source, was the most common medium utilized in the fermentation process when this type of compound was isolated.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Compounds Derived from Marine Algicolous and Spongicolous Endophytic Fungi: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-265
Author(s):  
Nadia Tasnim Ahmed ◽  
Sadia Noor ◽  
Md Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Mazid
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Functionally Diverse ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolites

Endophytes have gained particular interest in the search of potential pharmaceutical candidates for a long time due to their diversity, species richness and bioprospecting nature. They generally produce the essential metabolites for their expansion inside the plant which is involved in various biotransformation processes of utilizing host nutrients and cell components to continue microbial growth, sustenance, and reproduction. In above processes, they produce a huge amount of both structurally and functionally diverse secondary metabolites for maintaining an effective symbiosis with hosts. These compounds are proven to have significant bioactive properties like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, antitumor activities. Despite the proven significance, a little is exploited so far about endophytes. Particularly marine fungal endophytes which are the centre of attention in this review have gained much less importance. Due to unique environmental feature, fungal endophytes derived from marine environment offer vast diversity in different bioactive secondary metabolites. This review has focused on algicolous endophytes and bioactive secondary metabolites discovered during the last two decades. Particular importance has been given to cytotoxic and antimicrobial metabolites. Due to intensive studies during last several years, an extensive number of publications are now available on cytotoxic compounds derived from endophytic fungi of marine algicolous and spongicolous origin that have been summarized in this review. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(2): 247-265, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Marine endophytic fungi associated with Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau as producers of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential dermocosmetic application

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250954
Author(s):  
Maria da Luz Calado ◽  
Joana Silva ◽  
Celso Alves ◽  
Patrícia Susano ◽  
Débora Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Halopteris Scoparia ◽  
First Time

Marine fungi and, particularly, endophytic species have been recognised as one of the most prolific sources of structurally new and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites with multiple biotechnological applications. Despite the increasing number of bioprospecting studies, very few have already evaluated the cosmeceutical potential of marine fungal compounds. Thus, this study focused on a frequent seaweed in the Portuguese coast, Halopteris scoparia, to identify the endophytic marine fungi associated with this host, and assess their ability to biosynthesise secondary metabolites with antioxidative, enzymatic inhibitory (hyaluronidase, collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase), anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, and antimicrobial (Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Malassezia furfur) activities. The results revealed eight fungal taxa included in the Ascomycota, and in the most representative taxonomic classes in marine ecosystems (Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes). These fungi were reported for the first time in Portugal and in association with H. scoparia, as far as it is known. The screening analyses showed that most of these endophytic fungi were producers of compounds with relevant biological activities, though those biosynthesised by Penicillium sect. Exilicaulis and Aspergillus chevalieri proved to be the most promising ones for being further exploited by dermocosmetic industry. The chemical analysis of the crude extract from an isolate of A. chevalieri revealed the presence of two bioactive compounds, echinulin and neoechinulin A, which might explain the high antioxidant and UV photoprotective capacities exhibited by the extract. These noteworthy results emphasised the importance of screening the secondary metabolites produced by these marine endophytic fungal strains for other potential bioactivities, and the relevance of investing more efforts in understanding the ecology of halo/osmotolerant fungi.

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites From Endophytic Fungi

2016 ◽  
pp. 189-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra H. Patil ◽  
Mohini P. Patil ◽  
Vijay Laxminarayan Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

scholarly journals ID2017 Cytotoxic activities of Philippine marine sponges against colon cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Mylene Uy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Colon Cell ◽  
Diversity Of Life

Although the diversity of life in the terrestrial environment is exceptional, the greatest biodiversity is in the marine environment. Among the marine organisms, the sponges (Porifera) are the most prolific sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. The Philippines, with its long coastal lines, has drawn on its marine capital only to a small extent. Only a few marine organisms (ascidians, sponges, other marine invertebrates and their associated microorganisms) collected from various parts of the Philippines have been documented and investigated in terms of their potential as source of bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly anticancer compounds.  Thirty-seven sponges from the coasts off Mindanao, Philippines were collected, identifies and extracted to give a total of seventy-four polar and nonpolar extracts. The corresponding sponge extracts were screened for the sponge extracts were investigated for cytotoxicity towards colon cell lines (HCT116) using the the tetrazolium dye  (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) [MTTmethod. The results indicated fifteen (15) sponge extracts to be active at 100- microgram/mL  concentration among which seven (7) were still active at 10 microgram/mL while two (2) still exhibited activity at 1 microgram/mL. Further investigation of the active sponge extracts is currently in progress

scholarly journals Secrets of plants: Endophytes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiya Nazir ◽  
Habeeb Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
The Impact

Endophytic fungi are an important component that colonizes in healthy tissues of living plants and can be readily isolated from any microbial or plant growth medium. They act as reservoirs of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, phenolic acids, quinones, steroids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids that serve as a potential candidate for antimicrobial, anti-insect, anticancer and many more properties. Their huge diversity and particular habituation, they can provide a good area for research in the field of making new medicines and novel drug-like molecules. Because of the impact of endophytes on host plant by enhancing their growth or increasing their fitness, also making them tolerant to abiotic and biotic stresses and holding the secondary metabolites, endophytes are gaining attention as a subject for research. This review aims to comprehend the contribution and uses of endophytes and relationships between endophytic fungi and their host medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Produced by the Fungal Endophytes of Conifers

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea A. Stierle ◽  
Donald B. Stierle
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Human Cancer Cell ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

This is a review of bioactive secondary metabolites isolated from conifer-associated endophytic fungi from 1990-2014. This includes compounds with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity towards human cancer cell lines, and activity against either plant pathogens or plant insect pests. Compounds that were originally reported without associated activity were included if other studies ascribed activity to these compounds. Compounds were not included if they were exclusively phytotoxic or if they were isolated from active extracts but were not determined to be the active component of that extract.

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