scholarly journals ISOLATION OF 8-HIDROXY-6,7-DIMETHOXY COUMARIN FROM JARAK TINTIR STEM (Jatropha multifida L.) AND ITS TOXICITY VALUE USING BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Akhirul Kahfi Syam ◽  
Muhamad Insanu ◽  
Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Isolated Compound ◽  
Jatropha Multifida

Jatropha multifida L. (jarak tintir) was a shrub, annual, and had ± 2 m high. Empirically jarak tintir sap was used as traditional medicine by Indonesian people for a long time. Only limited studies were conducted regarding its chemical compound. It was reported that multifidone (diterpenoid compound from the stem) had an activity against cancer cells in vitro. This study aimed to test the toxicity of various extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of Jatropha multifida L. stem. A Fraxidin (8-hidroxy-6,7-dimethoxy coumarin) has been isolated from ethyl acetate fraction based on highest cytotoxic with LC50 value 3.69 µg/mL. The isolated compound was elucidated to gain chemical structure base on spectroscopic data (UV-Vis Spectrofotometric, IR Spectrofotometric, and NMR). Toxicity of fraxidin was tested on BSLT and showed no potential activity with LC50 value > 500 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Uji antioksidan dan bioaktivitas fraksi etil asetat batang jarak tintir (Jatropha multifia L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Akhirul Kahfi Syam ◽  
Julia Ratnawati ◽  
Desti Hermawati ◽  
Puspita Satriyani Permatasari Surasa
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Tlc Analysis ◽  
Jatropha Multifida

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Jatropha multifida L. atau jarak tintir merupakan tanaman yang digunakan secara empiris getahnya sebagai obat luka oleh masyarakat Indonesia sejak lama. Penelitian ini merupakan lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya mengenai batang jarak tintir yang telah diuji toksisitas dengan metode BSLT dan peredaman antioksidan dengan metode DPPH yang secara berturut memberikan nilai LC50 terendah 3,69 µg/mL dan IC50 56,85 µg/mL pada ekstrak etil asetat. Metode: Penelitian meliputi tahap-tahap pengumpulan bahan uji batang jarak tintir, penyiapan simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak dengan 3 pelarut yang berbeda kepolarannya penapisan fitokimia dari simplisia, fraksinasi menggunakan metode Kromatografi Cair Vakum (KCV) dari ekstrak etil asetat menjadi 4 fraksi. Hasil: Hasil pengujian antioksidan metode peredaman DPPH memberikan IC50 terhadap f1 (n-heksan 75%:etil asetat 25%), f2 (n-heksan 50%:etil asetat 50%), f3 (n-heksan 25%:etil asetat 75%), dan f4 (etil asetat 100%) secara berturut-turut adalah 3759,79 µg/mL; 790,94 µg/mL; 167,41 µg/mL; dan 164,82 µg/mL. Hasil pengujian BSLT terhadap fraksi etil asetat memberikan hasil LC50 sebesar f1 64,43 µg/mL; f2 37,54 µg/mL; f3 41,94 µg/mL; dan f4 25,70 µg/mL. Kesimpulan: F4 merupakan fraksi dengan nilai IC50 dan LC50 yang paling rendah dari seluruh fraksi, yang menunjukkan f4 merupakan fraksi yang paling aktif sebagai antioksidan dan BSLT serta diduga golongan flavonoid yang diketahui dari profil kromatogram KLT dengan Rf 0,57 yang memberikan hasil positif terhadap penampak bercak FeCl3 dan AlCl3 merupakan senyawa aktif dari kedua aktifitas tersebut. Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, DPPH, Jatropha multifida L.   ANTIOXIDANT AND BIOACTIVITY ASSAYS OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF JARAK TINTIR STEM (Jatropha multifida L) Abstract Background: Jatropha multifida L. or jarak tintir was empirically used as wound treatment for the sap by Indonesian people for a long time ago. The toxicity and antioxidant capacity of the jarak tintir stem was done by brain shrimp lethality test (BSLT) with LC50 3,69 µg/mL and DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 56,85 µg/mL for ethyl acetate extract. Method: Extraction was  performed  by  continuous  extraction  with Soxhlet  apparatus  using  various polarity  solvents  (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) and ethyl acetate extract was fractioned by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) into 4 fraction with gradien eluen of n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Results: Antioxidant assay gave IC50 for f1 (n-hexane 75%:ethyl acetate 25%), f2 (n-hexane 50%: ethyl acetate 50%), f3 (n-hexane 25%: ethyl acetate 75%), and f4 (ethyl acetate 100%) respectively as 3759,79 µg/mL; 790,94 µg/mL; 167,41 µg/mL; and 164,82 µg/mL. BSLT assays for each fractions gave LC50 as f1 64,43 µg/mL; f2 37,54 µg/mL; f3 41,94 µg/mL; and  f4 25,70 µg/mL. Conclusion: Fraction 4 was the best fraction with the lowest IC50 and LC50 with flavonoid was suspected as responsible compound for both assays after TLC analysis that gave spot with Rf 0.57 and gave positive result after sprayed with FeCl3 dan AlCl3 spray reagent. Keywords: Antioxidant, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, DPPH, Jatropha multifida L

scholarly journals Kajian Toksisitas dari Fraksi Heksana, Etil Asetat, dan Etanol Daun Soyogik (Sauraia bracteosa DC)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Triyono Mojo ◽  
Jemmy Abidjulu ◽  
Max R. J. Runtuwene
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai Kajian Toksisitas dari Fraksi Heksana, Etil Asetat dan Etanol Daun Soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC). Daun Soyogik dikeringanginkan sampai kering dan dimaserasi berturut-turut menggunakan pelarut heksana, etil asetat dan etanol. Uji toksisitas dilakukan  menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), kemudian diidentifikasi presentasi kematian larva udang menggunakan analisis probit (LC50). Hasil pengujian toksisitas menunjukkan nilai LC50 yaitu : fraksi  heksana (181,97), fraksi etil asetat (12,97) dan fraksi etanol (2,82).A research has been about Toxicity  of the Fraction Soyogik Leaves (Saurauia bracteosa DC) from Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol. Soyogik leaves drying till dunes and maceratied successively using hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol solvent. Toxicity tests performed using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) methode. Toxicity testing showed the LC50 value is hexane fraction (181,97), ethyl acetate fraction (12,97) and fraction of ethanol (2,82).

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN TOKSISITAS DARI EKSTRAK DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) DENGAN METODE 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dan Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Selin Widjaya ◽  
Widdhi Bodhi ◽  
Adithya Yudistira
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

ABSTRACTKersen (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that has begun to be eliminated and was rarely used because it is often considered to have no economic value and lack of knowledge about its utilization, whereas kersen plants contain flavonoids, saponins, and tannins which were have high benefit for health. The content of metabolites is affected by soil nutrient elements and difference place of growth. This study aims to determine the potential of kersen leaves grown in North Minahasa based on phytochemical content, ability of antioxidant activity, and toxicity. Kersen leaves were extracted using sequential maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents. Phytochemical Screening using several reagents which tailored to the type of phytochemical test. 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method is used to evaluate antioxidant activity, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method is used to evaluate toxicity. The result of this study indicate that the n-hexane extract contains phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, with IC50 value 12.54 μg/mL, and LC50 value 881 μg/mL. Ethyl acetate extract contains phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, with IC50 value 61.3 μg/mL, and LC50 value 1758 μg/mL. Ethanol extract has phenol, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and terpenoid content, with IC50 value 9.01 μg/mL, and LC50 value 106 μg/mL. Keywords : Kersen leaves, Antioxidant, Toxicity, IC50, LC50 ABSTRAKKersen (Muntingia calabura L.) merupakan tanaman yang sudah mulai tersingkirkan dan jarang dimanfaatkan karena sering dianggap tidak punya nilai ekonomis dan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatannya, padahal tanaman kersen memiliki kandungan flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang bermanfaat tinggi untuk kesehatan. Kandungan senyawa metabolit dipengaruhi oleh unsur hara tanah dan perbedaan tempat tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dari daun kersen yang tumbuh di Minahasa Utara berdasarkan kandungan fitokimia, kemampuan aktivitas antioksidan, dan toksisitasnya. Ekstrak daun kersen diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi sekuensial menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol.  Skrining fitokimia menggunakan beberapa reagen yang disesuaikan dengan jenis uji fitokimia. Metode 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan, dan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, dan tanin, nilai IC50 12,54 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 881 μg/mL. Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin, nilai IC50 61,3 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 1758 μg/mL. Ekstrak etanol memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan terpenoid, nilai IC50 9,01 μg/mL, dan nilai LC50 106 μg/mL. Kata kunci : Daun Kersen, Antioksidan, Toksisitas, IC50, LC50

scholarly journals Screening of antimicrobial potential and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of the whole plant extract of Spilanthes paniculata Wall. ex DC

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rokeya Siddiqui ◽  
Md Masud Alam ◽  
Mohammad Ruhul Amin ◽  
AFM Shahid Ud Daula ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fractions

Bangladesh possesses a rich flora of medicinal plant. Out of the estimated 5000 species of phanerogams and pteridophytes growing in this country, more than a thousand are regarded as having medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality of the whole plant extracts of Spilanthes paniculata, a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. The crude extract, n-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of crude extract showed significant to moderate antimicrobial activity against three Gram positive and three Gram negative microorganisms. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude extract (methanolic extract), n-hexane, choloform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were found to be 14.89 mm-19.40 mm, 14 mm-19.40 mm, 10.66 mm-13.50 mm and 9.50 mm-13.26 mm, consecutively at a concentration of 30 µg/disc. N-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Spilanthes paniculata were screened for antitumor properties using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, it can be well predicted that n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract possess mild cytotoxicity on shrimp naupalii. The median lethal concentration (LC50, the concentration at which 50% mortality of brine shrimp nauplii occurred) of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate were 48.978 mg/ml, 92.61 mg/ml and 216.770 mg/ml, respectively, comparison with positive control vincristine sulphate with 0.839 mg/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22743 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 1-5

scholarly journals In-vitro cytotoxicity and antioxidant property evaluation from methanolic extract of Cuscuta Reflexa flowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Md Hossan Sakib ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Asif Al Mahmood ◽  
Md Yasin Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Anti Oxidant

This investigation is made upon the plant Cuscuta reflexa, the flowers of it, to find out its Cytotoxicity property. The anti-oxidant property of this plant part was investigated using methanol extraction. Methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa.Was used to evaluate its cytotoxicity in Brine shrimp lethality bioassay where vincristine sulphate was used as standard drug. In Brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC50 value of the extract was 36.72?g/ml and vincristine sulphate served as the positive control showed LC50 value 10.51?g/ml. So, compared to vincristine sulphate, it is evident that the methanol extract of flowers of Cuscuta reflexa was cytotoxic. In case of anti-oxidant the scavenging power (IC50) of DPPH radical was 29.26, 17.07, 18.29, 19.55 and 54.87?g/ml respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 285-291

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Toksisitas Fraksi Etil Asetat Dari Daun Halban (Vitex Pinnata Linn) Asal Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Mastura Mastura ◽  
Tonel Barus ◽  
Lamek Marpaung ◽  
Partomuan Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Radical Reduction

Propinsi Aceh khususnya Kota Langsa memiliki banyak tanaman yang dapat berkhasiat sebagai obat, diantaranya adalah tanaman halban (Vitex pinnata Linn). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari empat jenis fraksi yaitu fraksi metanol, etil asetat, air dan fraksi n- heksan dari daun halban (Vitex pinnata Linn) asal Aceh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode peredaman radikal bebas dengan DPPH ((2,2-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl). Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode BSLT(Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari kempat fraksi yang diuji aktivitas antioksidannya, fraksi metanol memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi yang diikuti dengan fraksi etil asetat, fraksi air dan yang terakhir fraksi n-heksan yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lemah dengan nilai IC50 (inhibitor consentration 50) masing-masing berturut-turut adalah19,09, 24,75, 31,72 dan 152,80. Untuk toksisitas dari sepuluh fraksi etil asetat yang diuji menunjukkan bahwa fraksi 8 memiliki nilai LC50(Lethal consentration 50) sebesar 59,41.   Aceh Province, especially Langsa City has many plants that can be efficacious as medicine, including halban plants (Vitex pinnata Linn). The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of four types of fractions, namely methanol, ethyl acetate, water, and n-hexane fractions from halban (Vitex pinnata Linn) leaves from Aceh. The method used in this study was the DPPH free radical reduction method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Toxicity test was carried out using the BSLT method (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). The results showed that from the four fractions tested for antioxidant activity, the methanol fraction had the highest antioxidant activity followed by ethyl acetate fraction, water fraction and finally the n-hexane fraction which had weak antioxidant activity with IC50 (inhibitor consentration 50) values respectively 19.09, 24.75, 31.72 and 152.80. From the toxicity of the ten ethyl acetate fractions tested, it showed that fraction 8 had a lethal concentration 50 of 59.41.

scholarly journals TOKSISITAS SENYAWA Β-SITOSTEROL DAN EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG AGLAIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riky Riky
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Isolated Compound

Pacar cina (Aglaia odorata Lour) is a plant that is widely used as an traditional medicine because of natural materials they contain. The  study  aims  to  from Pacar cina extracts and toxicity test of each extract and isolated compound by BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method. The method used in the maceration. In this study, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts and β-sitosterol compound showed toxic effect (LC50 261,17; 110; 266,75 and 100 μg/mL, respectively). The toxicity degree among the three extracts and isolated compound is β-sitosterol > ethyl acetate > n-hexane > methanol.

scholarly journals Brine shrimp lethality test of various Cinnamomum iners (Lauraceae) barks extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Ikarastika Rahayu Abdul Wahab ◽  
Mohammad Faizul Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Very High

Cinnamomum iners (Lauraceae) is a traditional plant that widely used to relieve headache, breathingand appetite problems. This plant has been used over the centuries on several illnesses with bacterialsymptoms such as fevers, digestive ailments and coughs. However, lack of scientific studies havebeen conducted to identify its toxicity. Thus, an evaluation on the toxicity of this plant extracts iscrucial to support its therapeutic claims as well as to ensure that there was no side effects toconsumers. Various extracts from C. iners barks were screened for their toxicity against brineshrimp using the brine shrimp lethality test. All extracts exhibited very high LC50 (50% lethalconcentration) values greater than 1mg/ml (1000 ?g/ml) with the hexane extracts showed thehighest toxicity to the brine shrimp with LC50 value of 1306.79 ?g/ml, while the lowest toxicitywas the ethyl acetate extract at 3370.13 ?g/ml. This finding corroborates the traditional uses of thisplant and could be developed as another alternative natural sources in treating various diseases.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

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