scholarly journals Sympathy, Blame, and Just Allocation of Health Costs Entailed by Risky Conventional Lifestyles

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. p64
Author(s):  
MDR Evans
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Health Costs ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Random Measurement Error ◽  
Financial Responsibility ◽  
Party Preference ◽  
Using Data

How does the general public feel about people suffering from lifestyle related conditions, and what do they see as a socially just division health costs for these conditions? Using data from random, nationwide surveys of Australians, 1989-2001 (n=8031) my structural equation model with multiple-item measurement and corrections for attenuation due to random measurement error predicts respondents’ ideal division of medical payment responsibility. The only significant sociodemographic influence is education, which inclines people towards governmental financial responsibility. Cultural and social-psychological factors have large effects. A net time trend favors individual responsibility. Blaming sufferers is strongly associated with favoring individual responsibility. By contrast, people who sympathize with the sufferers tend to favor government payments. Political party preference also matters: Partisans of the main conservative party tend to support individual responsibility. There are clear implications for the current COVID-19 epidemic, especially with regards to “social distancing” behavior.

Cyberstalking Victimization: An Empirical Assessment of RAT Among Female Iranian College Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097582
Author(s):  
Saeed Kabiri ◽  
Jaeyong Choi ◽  
Seyyedeh Masoomeh (Shamila) Shadmanfaat ◽  
Julak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Online Victimization ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Iranian Students

The role of routine activity theory (RAT) as a guiding theoretical approach to understand online victimization has been well documented. However, the recent emphasis in criminology on its applicability to online victimization has largely been based on evidence from Anglo-American studies. This study fills this gap by testing the predictive utility of RAT for cyberstalking victimization, using data from a sample of female Iranian students. Our structural equation model showed that online exposure to motivated offenders, target suitability, and ineffective online guardianship were positively and significantly associated with cyberstalking victimization. Our results provide strong support for RAT, indicating its generalizability to a different sociopolitical context.

Hunting the Snark: A Reply to “Re-Evaluating Valence Models of Political Choice”

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Whiteley ◽  
Harold Clarke ◽  
David Sanders ◽  
Marianne Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Vector Error Correction Model ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Electoral Choice ◽  
Party Preference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Valence Politics

This paper responds to Evans and Kat’s critique of the valence politics model of electoral choice. Their critique is deficient in several respects. First, the authors do not test the valence politics model, which is motivated by a theory of voting rather than a claim about the relationship between generalized measures of “party preference” and “party performance.” Second, Evans and Kat do not provide theoretical grounding for partisanship, which they claim is strongly exogenous to other variables of interest. Third, there are several specification and testing problems with their structural equation model. We study the properties of the valence model using a vector error correction model of aggregate monthly survey data gathered throughout the New Labour Era. Consistent with theoretical expectations, key valence politics variables constitute a powerful cointegrated system in which the dynamics of partisanship are endogenous to other variables in the system.

Digitalization and migration: the role of social media and migrant networks in migration decisions. An exploratory study in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu Obi ◽  
Fabio Bartolini ◽  
Marijke D’Haese
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Migrant Networks ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration

Purpose This paper aims to explore the connectivity between social media use, access to migrant networks, information asymmetry and migration intentions. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted using data from individuals living in Nigeria and analysed with a generalized structural equation model, which is rare for this kind of research. Findings The authors find a dual mediating role of the social media and the migrant networks in facilitating migration, i.e. reducing the threshold cost required to migrate and introducing a bias in terms of information asymmetry. While social media and access to migrant networks directly increase migration intentions, this changes when incomplete information is provided. People who use social media and their migrant networks for information are more likely to have information about destination countries than information on the transit risk. Social implications The study adds valuable insights for designing awareness campaigns aimed at reducing irregular migration. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of the intersection of migration and digitalization

Structural Equation Model of Customer Satisfaction for the New York City Subway System

2000 ◽  
Vol 1735 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Stuart ◽  
Marc Mednick ◽  
Johanna Bockman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
York City ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Subway System ◽  
Using Data

A more complex model in content and design than previously applied to the measurement of customer satisfaction within the transportation industry is used in this study. Drawing from the results of previous studies that had a narrower focus, a network of 10 potentially important factors that affect customer satisfaction within the New York City subway system was postulated and tested using data collected from a cross section of adult residents. Results indicate that several factors have a direct influence on satisfaction, whereas others have an effect through intermediary variables. Path coefficients for the posited model are statistically significant, although several factors have notably more impact than others. Using model diagnostics, minor revisions and improvements to the initial model have been made while adhering closely to the principles of the original theory. Future developments are discussed, as is the model’s application for planning and resource allocation.

scholarly journals Implementation of Mass Customization for competitive advantage in Indian industries: a structural equation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piu Jain ◽  
Suresh Garg ◽  
Gayatri Kansal
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Mass Customization ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Indian Industries

Abstract The enduring fluctuations in market demand, exemplified by exceedingly unpredictable customer requirements have given rise to Mass customization, which is acquiring increasing prominence in production and operations management. Fostering on the foundation laid by erstwhile researcher Hart[1], who developed an analytical framework of four pillars of mass customization for organizations, the objectives of this research are to obtain additional discernments on the nature of linkage between the four pillars and MC, in addition to their impact on competitive advantage. The current work is an attempt to explore the mass customization ability of manufacturing organizations of Indian origin and its impact on organisational performance and to propose a comprehensive assessment and decision-making model for manufacturers to implement mass customization for competitive benefits. Literature support is expanded and validated using data collected through survey conducted among managers of various divisions of organization of Indian origin. The final sample contains 276 usable observations. Data analysis was performed expending structural equation modelling(Amos Graphics).

scholarly journals Social Psychology of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Do Fatalism and Comparative Optimism Affect Attitudes and Adherence to Sanitary Protocols?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond Nordfjaern ◽  
Milad Mehdizadeh ◽  
Mohsen Fallah Zavareh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Comparative Optimism ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Mediated Effects

The potential of mitigating the spreading rate and consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) currently depends on adherence to sanitary protocols (e.g., hand hygiene and social distancing). The current study aimed to investigate the role of fatalism and comparative optimism for adherence to COVID-19 protocols. We also tested whether these factors are directly associated with adherence or associated through attitudinal mediation. The results were based on a web survey conducted among university students (n = 370) in Tehran, Iran. The respondents completed a multidimensional measure of fatalism (general fatalism, internality, and luck) and measures of comparative optimism, attitudes toward COVID-19 health measures, and adherence. The estimated structural equation model explained approximately 40% of the total variance in attitudes toward COVID-19 protocols and adherence. As expected, high internality was associated with stronger adherence, whereas luck was associated with weaker adherence. Comparative optimism was more strongly associated with adherence than fatalism, and somewhat unexpectedly comparative optimism was associated with stronger adherence. Analyses of direct and indirect effects suggested that fatalism was mainly mediated through attitudes, whereas comparative optimism had both direct and mediated effects. The findings are discussed in relation to the role of these social psychological factors for COVID-19 mitigation.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS ON BUM DESA INVESTMENT DIVERSIFICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 837-845
Author(s):  
Udin Suadma ◽  
◽  
Sutjipto a ◽  
Suratno b ◽  
Mattjik c ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
P Value ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Village

BUM Desa in Banten Province has not been maximized in improving the economy of the Village community as shown by the many inactive BUM Desa. BUM Desa has not been able to create business diversification that comes from financial performance in this study, namely Return on Investment (ROI). A total of 80 BUM Desa were studied as a result of purposive sampling from a population of 688 BUM Desa in Banten Province. The criteria for selecting samples were (1) registered BUM Desa (2) BUM Desa is active, and (3) active Village BUM that has capital ≥ Rp. 30,000,000. This study uses explanatory and descriptive methods using data analysis tools Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The results showed that financial performance had a positive effect on the Village-Owned Enterprise Diversification stage with t-value = 4.527, p-value = 0.000 <0.05, meaning that Ha was not enough data to accept Ho and data supporting Ho was rejected. Based on the description of the results and the study shows that good financial performance means being able to generate profits from sales and total assets, as well as capital. Meanwhile, diversification can be created if the turnover of working capital occurs quickly. The faster the working capital rotates, the better the BUM Desas financial performance will be. Therefore, BUM Desa has high financial performance can diversify investment.

scholarly journals Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Sharing, and Innovation Performance: Evidence from the Chinese Construction Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfu Li ◽  
Yu Song ◽  
Jinxin Wang ◽  
Chengwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Knowledge economy era is an era driven by innovation, mainly based on the input of intangible assets which plays decisive roles in the long-term development of enterprises. The product value of enterprises is largely determined by their intellectual capital. Therefore, as pillars of China’s economy, construction enterprises must strengthen their investments in intellectual capital, and to achieve competitiveness in the market, enterprises must share knowledge with the other members of their networks. This study explores the relationship among the intellectual capital, knowledge sharing, and innovation performance of construction enterprises and the mediating effect of knowledge sharing on the relationship between intellectual capital and innovation performance by using data collected from a questionnaire survey. These data are analyzed along with the aforementioned relationships by using SPSS and a structural equation model. The findings indicate that intellectual capital not only has a direct positive influence on the innovation performance of construction enterprises but also positively affects their innovation performance through knowledge sharing. This paper concludes by presenting its limitations and the implications of its findings.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Crucial Factors of Women Entrepreneurship in the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Sanjeev S. Ingalagi ◽  
Nishad Nawaz ◽  
Habeeb Ur Rahiman ◽  
A. Hariharasudan ◽  
Vanishree Hundekar
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Using Data

In the present era, women-owned firms are one of India’s fastest increasing entrepreneurial communities in the form of women entrepreneurs. The objective of the study is to identify the factors that influence women’s entrepreneurial orientation and firms’ performance. The research study discusses the influencing factors and their effect on firms’ performance and satisfaction in this regard. The proposed framework and hypotheses have been tested using data gathered from boutiques, beauty parlors, carpet manufacturers, and retail shops in Karnataka, India. Data analysis was done using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate techniques. In Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), paths were created for evaluating the cause-and-effect relationship between different factors viz., social, psychological, financial, and resource factors and entrepreneurial performance and satisfaction. Seven relationships were significant, while two relationships were insignificant in this structural equation. The key finding of the paper is that all factors have a significant impact on the firm’s performance. The implications of research results for researchers and practitioners are discussed, and suggestions have also been made.

Knowledge Management System Success

2011 ◽  
pp. 729-747
Author(s):  
Shih-Chen Liu ◽  
Lorne Olfman ◽  
Terry Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Management System ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Systems Success ◽  
System Success ◽  
Using Data

This article presents the empirical testing of a theoretical model of knowledge management system success. The Jennex and Olfman model of knowledge management system success was developed to reflect the DeLone and McLean model of information systems success in the knowledge management context. A structural equation model representing the Jennex and Olfman theoretical model is developed. Using data from a prior study aimed at knowledge management system use and individual learning, this model is tested. The overall fit of the model to the data is fair, although some interpretation of the estimated model parameters is problematic. The results of the model test provide limited support for the Jennex and Olfman theoretical model, but indicate the value of continued investigation and refinement of it. Suggestions for future research are provided.

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