scholarly journals CURCUMINOID AND TOXICITY LEVELS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF JAVANESE GINGER (Curcuma xanthorriza) ON BRINE SHRIMP (Artemia salina) LARVAE AND ZEBRAFISH (Danio rerio) EMBRYOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustini Syahbirin ◽  
Nurfadilawati Mumuh ◽  
Kusdiantoro Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Pericardial Edema ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: This study was aimed at determining the levels of curcuminoids and analyzing the toxicity of ethanol extracts of Javanese ginger.Methods: Curcuminoid levels were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, while the toxicity tests were done on larva of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) by using a brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method and embryos of zebrafish (Danio rerio) using a zebrafish embryo acute toxicity (ZFET) method.Results: The level curcuminoid of ethanol extracts was 10.5% dry wt., consisting of curcumin at the highest percentage (68.06%) followed bydesmethoxycurcumin (24.6%) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (1.41%). In BSLT method, the lethal concentration 50% values (LC) value of our ethanol extract was 238 ppm, whereas in ZFET method, the LC value at 96 hours after fertilization was 80 ppm. The ethanol extract of ginger caused major malformations of the pericardial edema of zebrafish embryos at a concentration of 100 ppm. 50Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza from Bogor contained curcuminoids consisting of curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, with acute toxicity, caused major malformations on the pericardial edema in zebrafish embryos.Keywords: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuminoid, Toxicity, Zebrafish embryo acute toxicity.50

scholarly journals ANALISIS SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG TANAMAN PATAH TULANG (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) DENGAN METODE Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace S. Baud ◽  
Meiske S. Sangi ◽  
Harry S.J. Koleangan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Euphorbia Tirucalli ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder dan uji toksisitas pada batang tanaman Patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.). Analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan dengan skrining fitokimia yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, saponin dan tanin pada ekstrak segar dan kering batang tanaman Patah tulang. Penentuan toksisitas ekstrak etanol batang tanaman Patah tulang menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Uji toksisitas digunakan hewan uji Artemia salina Leach sebagai bioindikator. Pada skrining fitokimia diperoleh positif flavonoid, tanin dan steroid sedangkan alkaloid, saponin dan triterpenoid negatif. Data pengujian toksisitas diperoleh dari analisis Lethality Concentration 50 (LC50) yang dilakukan dengan metode probit menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 20.0 (untuk sistem operasi Windows). Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak etanol batang Patah tulang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak segar maupun kering bersifat sitotoksik dengan nilai LC50 (7,994ppm) untuk ekstrak etanol batang segar  dan LC50 (9,940ppm) untuk ekstrak etanol batang kering. Kata kunci : Euphorbia tirucalli L., Senyawa metabolit sekunder, Toksisitas, Artemia salina Leach, LC50.   ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS AND TOXICITY TEST OF  STEM  PLANT ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF  PATAH TULANG (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) BY BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST’S METHOD (BSLT) ABSTRACT A research on the analysis of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the stem of  patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) and its toxicity had been done. The analysis was performed through phytochemical screening of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins and tannins on extracts of fresh and dried stem of the plant. Toxicity of ethanol extract of the stem was determined using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with Artemia salina Leach as bioindicator. Phytochemical screening showed positive results for flavonoids, tannins, and steroids and negative one for alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenoids. Toxicity data were obtained from Lethality Concentration 50 (LC50) calculation trhrough probit analysis using SPSS 20.0 software (for Windows operating systems). Toxicity test showed that ethanol extracts of the fresh and dried stem were cytotoxic with LC50 value of 7.994 ppm and 9.940 ppm, respectively. Keywords: Euphorbia tirucalli L., Secondary metabolite compounds, Toxicity, Artemia salina Leach, LC50.

scholarly journals A Cytotoxic Activity of Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita Linn.) Leaves Extracts Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Indah Solihah ◽  
Herlina Herlina ◽  
Riana Sari Puspita Rasyid ◽  
Tri Suciati ◽  
Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita Linn.) leaves had been known contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. At Komering, South Sumatera tribe, tahongai leaves had been known to treat tumor, cancer, polyps, acne, and dysmenorrhea. The study of cytotoxic activity of tahongai bark and stem were done. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of tahongai leaves extracts using BSLT method. Tahongai leaves were extracted using gradual maceration with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96%. Each extract was tested cytotoxic activity towards Artemia salina L. larvae. The yield of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts are 2,686%, 7,033%, and 7,933% respectively. Ethanol extract of tahongai leaves had the best cytotoxic activity with lethality value 76,667% at 500ppm. Statistical analysis with two way ANOVA showed extract and concentration had a significant (p<0,05) effect on larvae lethality percentage.

scholarly journals UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JAMBU BIJI AUSTRALIA (Psidium guajava L) DENGAN METODE BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Nofita Nofita ◽  
◽  
Ade Maria Ulfa ◽  
Miera Delima ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Guava Leaves

ABSTRACTGuava is one of the plants that can traditionally be used for the treatment of diseases. Many kinds of guava, one of which is the Australian guava has the characteristics of roots, stems, leaves, dark red fruit. This study aims to determine the toxicity of the ethanol extract of Australian guava leaves (Psidium guajava L) using the BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method and determine the chemical content of Australian guava leaves (Psidium guajava L). The extract was made by the ultrasonic method using 96% ethanol solvent. Toxicity tests were carried out using 48-hour-old Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae. The toxic effect of the extract was identified by the percentage of shrimp larvae mortality using probit analysis (LC50). From the research results, phytochemical content includes tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins, and flavonoid compounds have the highest content compared to the others. Research shows that the ethanol extract of Australian guava leaves is of a moderate category (LC50 441,977 ppm).Keywords :Australia guava leaves, BSLT, Artemia salina L, Ultrasonic

UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR KB (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne) DENGAN METODE Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Risa Supriningrum ◽  
Sapri Sapri ◽  
Vici Ali Pranamala
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value

The roots of KB plants (Captosapelta tomentisa) is used empiricallyby  Dayak Kenyah community as a drug leukorrhea. Leukorrhea is one of the early symptoms of cervical cancer. Early methods to determine the LC50 value or toxicity of anticancer KB roots have not been reported. The aim of research is to determine the value of the toxicity of KB root. Research was conducted by an experimental study. Research stages include sample processing, extraction and acute toxicity test by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). BSLT testing to determine LC50 values with a concentration of 250 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 450 ppm and a negative control. Analysis of the data used are probit analysis method. The results showed  the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins in of the ethanol extract of KB root . The test results obtained acute toxicity LC50 value is 299.226 mg / ml, so that the ethanol extract of roots KB potentially toxic to the larvae of Artemia salina Leach.

Acute Toxicity of Keladi Tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume) Ethanol Extract on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Fakri ◽  
Loly Subhiaty Idrus ◽  
Maria Alexandra Iskandar ◽  
Indra Wibowo ◽  
I Ketut Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Embryo Morphology ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Pericardial Edema ◽  
High Concentrations

Keladi tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume) is an Indonesian medicinal plant that has various pharmacological properties. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been proposed as a model that can bridge the gap between cell assays and rodent assays. Evaluation of the toxic effects of natural products using the Zebrafish model can be assessed starting from the blastula stage of embryonic development. This study aims to investigate the potential acute toxicity effect of keladi tikus-ethanol extract (KTEE) using zebrafish embryos. A static non-replacement regime for acute toxicity testing was used. Wild-type zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of KTEE (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 µg/mL) starting at 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf) until 96 hpf. The results showed that the survival rate of zebrafish embryos decreased as the concentration of the test extract increased. The LC50 values of KTEE were 494.553 µg/mL at 96 hpf and 555.787 µg/mL at 72 hpf. Embryotoxicity effect of KTEE includes hatching delays and decreased heartrate on zebrafish embryos, especially at high concentrations. KTEE also caused abnormalities in embryo morphology, including pericardial edema, jaw and tail deformity.

scholarly journals Skrining fitokimia dan uji toksisitas ekstrak daun balik angin (Mallotus Sp) terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach dengan metode brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Anderson Arnold Aloanis ◽  
Fahriana Fahriana ◽  
Haryadi Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

One of the plants that are used to regular treatment is behind the wind (Mallotus sp.). Traditionally this is used for the relief of pain and increase stamina by way of boiling the seven pieces of young leaves and drink once a day in the morning. This research aims to know the acute toxicity of ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind (Mallotus sp) against larvae of Artemia salina Leach BSLT method. The research method used is qualitative analysis of chemical compound and Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with post-test-only control group design. The results of research on ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind showed the value of LC50 of 32.061 ppm, so can be said of ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind on this experiment of acute toxicity has on the larvae of Artemia salina Brine Shrimp method using Leach Lethality Test (BSLT).

scholarly journals KAJIAN TOKSISITAS DARI TUBUH BUAH Ganoderma lucidum DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BST)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Ross Nurul Rohmah ◽  
Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas ◽  
Ari Asnani
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Body Extract

Ganoderma lucidum is polyporus fungi from Basidiomycetes which can be used as traditional medicines. Toxicity test with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method using Artemia salina was conducted to find out toxic effect of G.lucidum. An extract would have toxic effect if the LC50 < 1000 µg/ml. The aims of this experiment were to know about the toxicity level from G.lucidum with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method and determined the concentration of fruiting body extract of G.lucidum which had the best toxicity effect in LC50. There were two extraction methods used in this experiment, first one stage extraction and then multilevel extraction with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Each solvent was made in 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, and 125 ppm. This process was repeated for three times. This experiment used G.lucidum extract which was tested to A.salina and secunder compound metabolit test from the most toxic G. lucidum was done with phytochemical analysis. The result indicated that fruiting body extract from G.lucidum could kill A.salina because all extract was positively contained alkaloid and terpenoid but negatively contained flavonoid. Fruiting body extract from G.lucidum which had lowest LC50 wass ethyl asetat extract with one stage extraction in concentration 53,70 ppm and highest LC50 was ethanol extract with multilevel extraction in concentration 501,18 ppm.

scholarly journals ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF HOLOTHURIA ATRA IN MICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
PANDU SALIM HANAFI ◽  
AJI SUTRISNO ◽  
TUTIK MURNIASIH ◽  
HARIJONO ◽  
MASTERIA YUNOVILSA PUTRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Holothuria Atra

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanol extract of Holothuria atra through the acute oral toxicity – acute toxic class method. Methods: The sample was immersed in ethanol for 72 h at room temperature and repeated 3 times. The extracts were evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator. The identification of compounds in the ethanol extract of H. atra was carried out using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. The acute toxicity test was examined the effects of treating male mice with the ethanol extract of H. atra at 300 and 2000 mg/kg by oral administration for 14 days. On the past day of the toxicity test, liver of all experimental animals was taken for histopathological testing. Results: LCMS analysis showed that the ethanol extract of H. atra is contained polar compounds (chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, a glycosaminoglycan, and holothurin) and non-polar compounds (fatty acids). Acute toxicity study was performed at a dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. No deaths or behavioral changes were observed during the administration of both doses. Histopathological test results on the liver showed a few changes at doses of 2000 mg/kg. Conclusions: The LD50 is equal to 5000 mg/kg and the ethanol extracts of H. atra can be classified as practically nontoxic. However, further studies are required to proceed to clinical studies in humans.

scholarly journals The acute toxicity of clove oil to fish Danio rerio and Poecilia reticulata

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Doleželová ◽  
Stanislava Mácová ◽  
Lucie Plhalová ◽  
Vladimíra Pištěková ◽  
Zdeňka Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Oil Composition

Clove oil (active substance eugenol) is an anaesthetic used in aquaculture for stress prevention and prevention of mechanical damage during veterinary procedures. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of clove oil in two aquarium fish species - zebrafish (Danio rerio) and guppy (Poecilia reticulata), which are considered the most commonly used model organisms in toxicity testing. The semi-static method according to OECD no. 203 (Fish, Acute toxicity test) was used for testing the toxicity of clove oil for juvenile fish. A series of 5 acute toxicity tests was performed, with 10 fish of both species used for each concentration and for the control. The results obtained (number of dead individuals at particular test concentrations) were subjected to a probit analysis using the EKO-TOX 5.2 program in order to determine 96hLC50 clove oil values. The significance of the difference between 96hLC50 values in D. rerio and P. reticulata was tested using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. The 96hLC50 mean value for clove oil was 18.2 ± 5.52 mg·l–1 in juvenile D. rerio and 21.7 ± 0.8 mg·l–1 in P. reticulata. In spite of variability in clove oil composition, acute toxicity values of clove oil for juvenile stages of both fish species were comparable. The results did not show different sensitivities to clove oil in tested fish species. This is the first similar study in these fish species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document