scholarly journals THE INVESTIGATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CREAM COMPOSITION WITH THE SAPROPEL EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Strus ◽  
Natalya Polovko ◽  
Yuliya Plaskonis
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Colloid Stability ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical Instability

Objective: The objective of this research was the development of cream with sapropel extract on the emulsifying base and the investigation of the possibility for cream samples to be in future applied in medicine, cosmetics, and veterinary.Methods: To carry out the research a set of methods (centrifugal, thermal, and potentiometric) to analyze colloidal and thermal stability and determine pH values of the tested samples were used. Organoleptic characteristics of the tested samples and possible signs of physical instability were studied. Rheological properties of the samples were determined on the rotating viscometer. The method of microscopic analysis was carried out to analyze the stability of the emulsion system.Results: The research outcomes revealed that all the prototype samples have thermal and colloid stability, neutral pH value, and consistency that depends on the content of the oil phase and the emulsifying mixture. The samples, containing 15% of Vaseline oil and 4% and 6% of emulsifier no. 1, have low viscosity indexes, and the sample with 10% of emulsifier has a rather dense consistency. The samples containing 20% of oil phase possess unsatisfactory organoleptic properties. Since the sample with 4% of emulsifier possessed low rates of viscosity and phase separation occurred during its storage.Microscopic studies have shown that the sample containing 6% of emulsifier no. 1 exhibits monodisperse and a uniform roundness of drops that indicates the stability of the system.Conclusion: The outcome of the research is the development of the composition of the cream with sapropel extract with the emulsifying base containing 15% of corn oil, 6% of emulsifier no. 1, and 1% of Cetostearyl alcohol and purified water.

Study on Influence of Silicate Morphology Based on pH Value

2012 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 324-328
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Ya Jing Liu ◽  
Yong Lin Cao ◽  
Li Xia Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Stability

Infra-red absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction observations and characterization tests based on silicon molybdenum colorimetric method were used to investigate the optimal pH value controlling the stability of the silicic acid form. The experiment process was done by using sodium silicate as raw material. The results showed that the solution of silicate influenced the polymerization. The active silicic acid solution with a certain degree of polymerization was obtained by controlling the pH values.

Dyeing Properties to Wool Fabrics of Catechu Dye Purified by Micro-Filtration Membrane

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuliang Hou ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Xinlong Zhang ◽  
Huihui Wu ◽  
Qicheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Wool Fabric ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Filtration Membrane ◽  
Wool Fabrics ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Levels

Catechu liquor, which is deep brown-red in color, was purified with a micro-filtration membrane and the stability of catechu dye to different levels of temperatures and pH were investigated in this paper. The effects of the dyeing conditions on color characteristic values and color fastnesses of the dyed wool fabrics were also investigated. The results show that the liquor of catechu dye is stable at pH values of 3-7 and its color changes to a deeper brown-red when its pH value is above 8. The preferable dyeing conditions for wool fabric with refined powder catechu dye are as follows: dyeing temperature of 100±C, pH value of 6.5 for the dye bath and catechu dye of 1-4% (o.w.f). The dyed wool fabric has good color fastnesses to washing, alkali perspiration and dry rubbing. However, its color fastness rating to wet rubbing is poor, ranging from 2-3. Further research will be needed on this aspect.

Study on Properties of PG Separated and Purified from Actinidia arguta

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 1197-1201
Author(s):  
Shu Qian Li ◽  
Chang Jiang Liu ◽  
Guang Xin ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Michaelis Constant ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Optimal Reaction Temperature ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermo Stability ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Polygalacturonase (PG) is key enzyme for softening consenescence mechanism of fruits. In this work, Properties of PG separated and purified from wildActinidia Argutawere studied. The result shows that the optimal reaction temperature is 40°C with a high enzyme activity around 30-50°C. PG keeps a thermo stability at the temperature ranging from 30-40°C, which decreases with increasing of temperature and PG will lose all its activity under 60-70°C for 1h. The optimal reaction pH value for this enzyme is 5.5. As far as the stability in different pH values is concerned, PG is relatively stable for preservation at pH4.5-6.5.The michaelis constant for PG is 27.31. When the concentration for EDTA is higher than 2mmol/L, it is inhibitive for PG . The metal ions of K+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mg2+can activate the PG enzyme to some extent, the strength of activation:Mg2+Fe3+K+Fe2+Ca2+;The metal ions of Cu2+Zn2+Mn2+Ba2+Al3+can inhibit PG enzyme to some extent, the strength of inhibition:Al3+Ba2+Mn2+Cu2+Zn2+.

The sorption of lead and cadmium species by clay minerals

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Farrah ◽  
WF Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Metal Ion Adsorption ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Anionic Complexes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Protonated Ligand ◽  
Ligand Species

The effect of pH changes and the presence of ligands on the uptake of lead and cadmium ions by three types of clay mineral (kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite) has been investigated. ��� In the absence of ligands, metal ion adsorption increases gradually with increasing pH until a threshold pH value is exceeded, whereupon total precipitation/sorption (attributed to formation of hydroxy species) occurs. With ligands present, the threshold point tends to shift to higher pH values, the magnitude of the effect depending on the stability of the metal complex formed. Adsorption of cationic metal complexes is subject to competition from charged protonated ligand species; anionic complexes are not sorbed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PH ON THE STABILITY OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS OF CO(III) WITH DIAMINOETHANOL LIGANDS IN NON-AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (61) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
I. Kuzevanova ◽  
◽  
S. Povalchyk ◽  
A. Zulfigarov ◽  
A. Andriiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Compound ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Polynuclear Complex ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Inner complex compound of cobalt(III) with diaminoethanol, [Co(DetmHdetm)], and polynuclear complex compound 2Co-Ni with diaminoethanol, [Ni(CoDetmHdetm)2](NO3)2, were synthesized. Stabilities of the obtained compounds were investigated in non-aqueous (dimethylformamide) solutions at different values of pH (from acid to alkaline). Methods of potentiometric titration and electron absorption spectra were used to determine the range of pH values where the compounds do not decompose. As a result of these studies, we found that at the upper value of pH=7, the coordination surrounding of the metals (Co(III), Ni(II)) does not change. When the pH value becomes lower than 7 (with adding HCl acide), the inner complex of Co(III) begins to decompose. The ligand H2detm is replaced by Cland partial protonization of diethanolamine occurs. Also, transformation of N,Ncis isomer of inner complex compound of cobalt(III) to N,N-trans isomer takes place, thus reducing the symmetry of the complex. As for the polynuclear complex compound 2Co-Ni, when pH value becomes lower than 7, molecules of solvent begin to react with the products of partially destroyed complex. As a result, new complex compound is formed with the increase of coordination number of nickel(II) from 4 to 6. However, in alkaline solutions where pH values are up to 10, the heterometal complex compound of 2Co-Ni remains stable. Only partial hydrolysis of the solvent occurs in these conditions. The schemes of transformations of [Co(DetmHdetm)] and [Ni(CoDetmHdetm)2](NO3)2 occuring in non-aqueous (dimethylformamide) solutions at different values of pH (from acid to alkaline) are presented in the paper. The results of this study can be used for the preparation of precursor solution for the technology of catalytic materials production. Evidently, the range of pH from 7 to 10 must be maintained in order to avoid the contamination of the final products by the decomposed wastes of complexes and solvent.

Sugar hydrolysis and colour formation in processing

2020 ◽  
pp. 540-548
Author(s):  
Jan Maarten de Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Technological Impact ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Required Quality ◽  
White Sugar ◽  
Sugar Hydrolysis

The stability of the sucrose molecule throughout processing is of the utmost importance, because in principle any sugar loss will increase the production costs per tonne of the obtained white sugar. Colour in processing is an important technological parameter too, since only an adequate colour control in processing allows the cost-effective production of white sugar crystals of the required quality. For process control of both sugar hydrolysis and colour formation it is necessary to understand the effect of pH value, temperature and retention time on these phenomena. This paper will describe the possible causes of sugar hydrolysis and colour, as well as how to control pH values and temperature in processing in order to limit the technological impact of both reactions in which invert sugar plays a central role.

The Dispersion of SiC Nanopowders in Ethanol

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hou ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Wen Bo Han
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Size Measurement ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Particle Size Measurement ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Isoelectric Points ◽  
The Stability

The dispersion of SiC nanopowders in ethanol solution was studied by sedimentation test, particle size measurement and TEM analysis. The dispersion behavior of SiC nanopowders in ethanol solution was strongly dependent on the pH values, types and amounts of dispersant. PEI was found to be effective for the dispersion of SiC nanopowders in ethanol solution. With the addition of PEI, the isoelectric points of SiC nanopowders in ethanol solution were at pH 9.5, and shift to pH 12.3. The stability of SiC suspension increased with the dispersant content increasing until reached 2.5 wt% PEI. The suitable pH value for the dispersion of SiC nanopowders should lower than 10.

Enhancing the Stability of Asphalt Emulsion Using Environmentally Friendly Cationically Modified Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (CMHEC) at Different Concentrations and pH Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Xiaoxi Wang ◽  
Runhan Hou ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Osama M. Darwesh ◽  
Mengyao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The cationically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC) was synthesized successfully and applied for preparing the cationic asphalt emulsion. The apparent viscosity and phase separation of the emulsion were studied at different CMHEC concentrations and pH values. The results indicated that the apparent viscosity of the emulsion was increased with increasing CMHEC concentration, and the phase separation was significantly reduced correspondingly. In addition, the effect of pH value on the emulsion quality was involved. The apparent viscosity of the emulsion showed the tendency to decrease firstly and then increase to the minimum value at pH 2. All results indicated that CMHEC has excellent potential in the manufacture of asphalt emulsion and the research of the pH effect on the formulation of asphalt emulsion has essential significance.

scholarly journals Justification of technological parameters of the cream production with sapropel extract

Pharmacia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Oksana Strus ◽  
Nataliia Polovko ◽  
Oksana Yezerska
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Emulsion System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

The aim of the research was to substantiate the technological parameters of cream production with the sapropel extract and work out the technological scheme for its production. In this study, extract of sapropel from the Prybych deposit, emulsion base, containing corn oil, emulsifier No.1, cetylstearyl alcohol, nisin, euxyl K 100 and purified water were employed. To carry out the research, a set of methods to analyse colloidal and thermal stability was used. Rheological properties of the samples were determined. The method of microscopic analysis was carried out to analyse the stability of the emulsion system. It was proved experimentally that, when producing the cream, it is appropriate to use the phase inversion method, and the emulsification needs to be carried out at 5000 r/m for 20 min. Size and shape of the sample drops, obtained at 5000 r/m, were monodisperse and more uniform, most of which range from 2 to 3 microns that indicates the system stability. The following parameters of technological process were determined: mixing temperature conditions, speed of homogenisation and mixing time.

scholarly journals Solubility Data of Potential Salts in the MgO-CaO-SO2-H2O-O2 System for Process Modeling

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Barbara D. Weiß ◽  
Michael Harasek
Keyword(s):  
Process Modeling ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Solubility Data ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
International Union ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
So2 Absorption ◽  
Reliable Basis

This review studies unwanted precipitation reactions, which can occur in SO2 absorption processes using a magnesium hydroxide slurry. Solubility data of potential salts in the MgO-CaO-SO2-H2O system are evaluated. The reviewed data can serve as a reliable basis for process modeling of this system used to support the optimization of the SO2 absorption process. This study includes the solubility data of MgSO3, MgSO4, Mg(OH)2, CaSO3, CaSO4, and Ca(OH)2 as potential salts. The solubility is strongly dependent on the state of the precipitated salts. Therefore, this review includes studies on the stability of different forms of the salts under different conditions. The solubility data in water over temperature serve as a base for modeling the precipitation in such system. Furthermore, influencing factors such as pH value, SO2 content and the co-existence of other salts are included and available data on such dependencies are reviewed. Literature data evaluated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) are revisited and additional and newer studies are supplemented to obtain a solid base of accurate experimental values. For temperatures higher than 100 °C the available data are scarce. For a temperature range from 0 to 100 °C, the reviewed investigations and data provide a good base to evaluate and adapt process models for processes in order to map precipitations issues accurately.

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