scholarly journals CLINICAL EVALUATION OF TRIPLE AND QUADRUPLE HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION THERAPY IN PEPTIC ULCER PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT ABO BLOOD GROUP PHENOTYPES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Manal Khalid Abdulridha ◽  
Rana Hussein Kutaif ◽  
Yassir Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Akram Ajeel Najeeb
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Quadruple Therapy ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B

Objective: This study aimed to examine the pathological changes in gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients carrying different ABO phenotypes and to study the response to the 14 days’ standard triple therapy and 10 days’ quadruple therapy in peptic ulcer patients according to their ABO phenotypes.Methods: Interventional prospective randomized-controlled open-label study was performed on newly diagnosed patients with PUD. The H. pylori-positive patients were allocated into two major study groups in which they are subdivided according to ABO blood group phenotypes: Group 1 received standard H. pylori eradication triple therapy and Group 2 received standard H. pylori eradication quadruple regimen. Patients were monitored after 2 months for successful H. pylori eradication.Results: Chronic active gastritis was significantly high in patients carrying blood Group O phenotype (81.25%), while the atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were significantly high in patients carrying blood Group A phenotype (25.00% and 16.67%), respectively. 14 days’ triple therapy showed significantly lower eradication rate in H. pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients carrying blood Group O phenotype (p<0.01), meanwhile higher response was found among patients with blood Group B. 10 days’ quadruple therapy produced a significant high eradication rate in H. pylori-infected patients carrying blood Group O than those with blood Group A (p<0.01), but still both showed lower response compared to that in patients carrying blood Group B and AB phenotypes. Elderly patients showed significantly less healing efficacy than younger patients (p<0.01), and the least healing rate was noticed in female patients after both regimens.Conclusion: Lower eradication rate in H. pylori-infected was noticed in peptic ulcer patients carrying blood Group O mainly than those with other blood groups and particularly those with duodenal Ulceri. 10 days’ quadruple therapy showed significant higher eradication rate in H. pylori infection and a better ulcer healing efficacy.

scholarly journals ABO groups can play a role in susceptibility and severity of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samra ◽  
M. Habeb ◽  
R. Nafae
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seriously Ill

Abstract Background A few people infected by the coronavirus become seriously ill, while others show little to no signs of the symptoms, or are asymptomatic. Recent researches are pointing to the fact that the ABO blood group might play an important role in a person’s susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Aim of the study: try to understand the relationship between ABO groups and COVID-19 (susceptibility and severity). Results A total of (507) patients were included in this study. The study population was divided based on the ABO blood group into types A+, A−, B+, AB, O+, and O−. Blood group A was associated with high susceptibility of infection: group A, 381 (75.1%); and less common in group O, 97 (19.2%), group B, 18 (3.5%), and group AB, 11 (2.2%). The severity of COVID-19 infection was common in non-blood group O where (20 (7.1%), 4 (26.7%), 2 (11%), and 1 (9%) in type A+, A−, B+, and AB, respectively), while in type O 3.1%. And mechanically ventilated patients were 22 (5.9%), 2 (13.4%), 2 (11.1%), and 1 (1%). Mortality was high in blood groups A and B, 16 (4.37%) and 1 (5.5%), respectively, while in blood group O, it was 1%. Conclusion The incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 were common in non-blood group O. While blood group O was protected against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Efficacy of dexlansoprazole-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481987096
Author(s):  
Chia-Jung Kuo ◽  
Chun-Wei Chen ◽  
Puo-Hsien Le ◽  
Jun-Te Hsu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B

Background: Dexlansoprazole has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, there is a paucity of data about its efficacy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dexlansoprazole for H. pylori eradication as triple therapy in real-world practice. Methods: Adult patients with endoscopically proven H. pylori related peptic ulcer diseases or gastritis were recruited for this study. The eradication status was assessed based on the results of the 13C-urea breath test performed 4 weeks after treatment. According to the different treatment regimens, the patients were allocated to group A: Esomeprazole 40 mg b.i.d. + amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d. + clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d. for 7 days; group B: Esomeprazole 40 mg q.d. + amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d. + clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d. for 7 days, or group C: Dexlansoprazole 60 mg q.d. + amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d. + clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d. for 7 days. Results: A total of 215 patients (49% males) were enrolled in this study, with a mean age of 55 years. The eradication rates in group A, B, and C were 94.7% (71/75), 89.6% (69/77), and 93.7% (59/63) ( p = 0.457), respectively. The adverse events were similar between the three groups ( p = 0.068). Conclusions: This study suggests that dexlansoprazole-based triple therapy has an acceptable eradication rate for H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Modified Sequential Therapy Regimen versus Conventional Triple Therapy forHelicobacter pyloriEradication in Duodenal Ulcer Patients in China: A Multicenter Clinical Comparative Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Qun Zhou ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Bing-Fang Wang ◽  
Xiao-Ming Fan ◽  
Jian-Ye Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Burning Pain ◽  
Standard Triple Therapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B

Objective. Antimicrobial resistance has decreased eradication rates forHelicobacter pyloriinfection worldwide. To observe the effect of eradicatingHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori)and the treatment of duodenal ulcer by 2 kinds of modified sequential therapy through comparing with that of 10-day standard triple therapy.Methods. A total of 210 patients who were confirmed in duodenal ulcer active or heal period by gastroscopy andH. pyloripositive confirmed by rapid urease test, serum anti-H. pyloriantibody (ELASE), or histological examination enrolled in the study. All the patients were randomly divided into three groups: group A (70 cases) and group B (70 cases) were provided 10-day modified sequential therapy; group C (70 cases) was provided 10-day standard triple therapy. Patients of group A received 20 mg of Esomeprazole, 500 mg of Clarithromycin for the first 5 days, followed by 20 mg of Esomeprazole, 500 mg of Clarithromycin, and 1000 mg of Amoxicillin for the remaining 5 days. Group B received 20 mg of Esomeprazole, 1000 mg of Amoxicillin for the first 5 days, followed by 20 mg of Esomeprazole, 500 mg of Clarithromycin, and 1000 mg of Amoxicillin for the remaining 5 days. Group C received 20 mg of Esomeprazole, 500 mg of Clarithromycin, and 1000 mg of Amoxicillin for standard 10-day therapy. All drugs were given twice daily.H. pylorieradication rate was checked four to eight weeks after taking the medicine by using a13C urea breath test. In the first, second, third, seventh, twenty-first, thirty-fifth days respectively, the symptoms of patients such as epigastric gnawing, burning pain, and acidity were evaluated simultaneously.Results. Overall, 210 patients accomplished all therapy schemes, 9 case patients were excluded. The examination result indicated that theH. pylorieradication rate of each group was as follows: group A 92.5% (62/67), group B 86.8% (59/68), and group C 78.8% (52/66). TheH. pylorieradication rate of group A was slightly higher than group B (P<0.05) and both of them were obviously higher than group C (P<0.05). Modified sequential therapy was significantly more effective in patients with clarithromycin-resistant strains (80%/67% versus 31%;P=0.02). Symptoms improvement: all the three groups could improve the symptoms such as epigastric gnawing, burning pain, and acidity since the first day. There was no significant difference in total score descending of symptoms between each group (P>0.05).Conclusions. All the three therapy schemes could alleviate symptoms of duodenal ulcer patients in China efficiently. But as far as eradicatingH. pyloriis concerned, the modified sequential therapy was better than standard triple therapy, especially the therapy scheme used in group A.

scholarly journals Comparison of Levofloxacin-Based, 10-day Sequential Therapy with 14-day Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eskandar Hajiani ◽  
Pezhman Alavinejad ◽  
Nahid Avandi ◽  
Abdol Rahim Masjedizadeh ◽  
Ali Akbar Shayesteh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Quadruple Therapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Group B ◽  
To Receive

BACKGROUND Considering the importance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication, this clinical trial was designed to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of levofloxacin-based, sequential therapy in comparison with quadruple therapy for eradicating H. pylori. METHODS Overall 156 patients with dyspepsia and H. pylori infection were included in this study and were randomly allocated to either 10-day sequential therapy group (group A) to receive pantoprazole (40 mg twice daily), amoxicillin (1 gr twice daily), levofloxacin (500 mg twice daily), and tinidazole (500 mg twice daily) (PALT) or 14-day quadruple therapy group (group B) to receive pantoprazole, clarithromycin, bismuth subcitrate, and amoxicillin (PABC). At the end of the study the eradication rate in each group was assessed by urea breath test (UBT). RESULTS Age range of the participants was 18-65 years (average 36.9 years) and 50% of them (78 patients) were men. 78 patients were allocated to group A and 78 patients to groupe B. After antibiotic therapy, all the patients received acid suppression therapy with Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) for 4 weeks and then the eradication rate was confirmed by UBT (Heli FAN plus 13C, Germany). Before performing UBT, all the participants were requested to halt consumption of PPI for at least 1 week. During the treatment there was not any major complication but in group A (sequential therapy), two patients complained of minor complications including musculoskeletal pain. None of the patients in group B had any complaint or side effect. The rate of H. pylori eradication in group A was 78.2% (61 patients) while this rate in group B was 83.3% (65 patients) with no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.42). In subgroup analysis, the rate of eradication among men in group A and B were 76.9% and 89.7%, respectively (p = 0.22) while the eradication rate among women were 79.4% and 76.9%, respectively (p = 1.00). CONCLUSION It seems that levofloxacin base sequential therapy does not have any advantage in comparison with quadruple regimen and until finding any more effective short course therapy for H. Pylori eradication; we encourage quadruple regimen to be used as the first line therapy.

scholarly journals Variations of prothrombin time among ABO blood groups in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Afrina Binte Azad ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Aminul Islam ◽  
Farzana Yeasmin Mukta ◽  
Lily Afroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background and objectives: ABO blood group distribution defers with racial and geographic variations. They are related with diseases like cardiovascular diseases, cerebral thromboembolism. Prothrombin time may varies among ABO blood group system which may increase the future risk of thrombosis. The present study is to assess prothrombin time among ABO blood groups in healthy adults. Materials and methods: A prospective type of analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020. After obtaining ethical clearance, a total 190 healthy adults were selected from different areas of Dhaka city based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, with age ranging from 18-45 years. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Individuals of blood group A was selected as group A, blood group B as group B, blood group AB as group AB and blood group O as group O. Prothrombin time was measured in the Department of Hematology and BMT Unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Blood grouping was done in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka.For statistical analysis, One way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test were considered using SPSS 25.0 version. Results: In this study, blood group B was most common (33.2%). Prothrombin time was lower in blood group A (12.93±0.30 sec), B (12.92±0.61 sec), AB (12.98±0.54 sec) than blood group O (13.08±0.39 sec) which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It can be concluded that blood group A, B, AB individuals may have more chance of thrombosis due to lower prothrombin time than blood group O individuals.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF STANDARD TRIPLE THERAPY VERSUS BISMUTH-BASED THERAPY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE DUE TO HELICOBACTER PYLORI

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
MIRZA MISBA ALI BAIG ◽  
UZMA PARVEEN ◽  
RUQAIAH FAROOQ ◽  
MAIMUNA TABASSUM ◽  
FATIMA NAAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Quadruple Therapy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Standard Triple Therapy ◽  
H Pylori

Objective: Helicobacter pylori is the primary agent causing peptic ulcer, therefore imposing a significant impact on health elated quality of life, consequently affecting nearly 50% of global population. The objective of this study is to determine and assess the effectiveness of triple therapy versus bismuth containing quadruple therapy for eradication of peptic ulcer disease due to H. pylori. Methods: A prospective randomized observational study was conducted at Princess Esra Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology for a period of 6 months. A total of 100 patients were randomly allocated in tow groups. The data were assessed using various parameters. H. pylori eradication was validated using rapid urease test done at the start treatment 4 weeks after the completion. Results: A total of 100 patients were recruited in the study. In triple therapy group medication adherence rate was found to be 82% in triple and 92% in quadruple therapy. The eradication rate was assessed using Chi-square test it was 82% and 97% in triple and quadruple therapy group, respectively. Hence, the difference was found to be statistically significant value <0.005. In addition, increased recurrence rate has been observed in triple therapy (17%) in contrast with quadruple therapy (2%). Conclusion: Addition of bismuth to significant triple therapy improves cure rates with minimal side effects. Interestingly, we observed that when bismuth was added, it produced a significant higher eradication rate (97%) when compared with standard triple therapy (82%). According to our study, bismuth is highly effective treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

scholarly journals ABO Blood Group: A Risk Factor for a Cardiovascular Disease in Adults in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Serbout Saousan ◽  
◽  
Adnane Hind ◽  
Maaroufi Anass ◽  
Arous Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Ischemic Disease ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND The association between antigens A and B and cardiovascular disease is still unclear. Several reports have suggested an important involvement of the ABO blood group system in the susceptibility to thrombosis. Assessing that non-O blood groups in particular A blood group confer a higher risk of venous and arterial thrombosis than group O. Epidemiologic data are typically not available for all racial and ethnics groups. The purpose of this observational study was to identify a probable link between ABO blood group and ischemic and non-ischemic disease in subjects from the province of Casablanca, Morocco and to analyze whether A blood group individuals were at higher risk of ischemic disease or not. METHOD An observational study had been conducted from the beginning of 2017 until the end of 2019 in the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Centre, Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco. We recruited consecutive subjects (549 men and 544 woman) at our center between 2017 and 2019. We studied data on age, gender, past history of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, sedentarism, obesity, hyperlipidemia, use of estrogen-progestin contraceptives and blood group distribution. Their ABO blood groups were determined using standard agglutination techniques. In each blood group type, we evaluated the prevalence of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiovascular disease. RESULT Of the 1093 patients whose medical records were reviewed, 482 (44.1%) were carrying blood group A. Of the remaining 611 patients, 353 (32.3%) had blood group O, 212 (19.4%) blood group B, and 46 (4.3%) blood group AB. The diagnosis of ischemic disease (ID) was higher in patients with blood group O (63.3%) than in other blood groups, and the diagnosis of valvular disease was higher in patients with blood group A (48.7%) compared to other groups. In patients with blood group B or AB compared to non-B or non-AB, respectively there was no statistically significant difference in ID incidence. The incidence of ID in men was significantly higher in blood group O (63.2%, p = 0.015) compared with women, while there valvular disease was a statistically higher in women (54.5%, p = 0.035). This difference remains statistically significant after adjustment for common cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION Our study suggests an association between ABO blood group and Ischemic disease and non-ischemic disease in Moroccan population. In African countries, where most of health facilities are understaffed, more rigorous studies with a larger population are needed to give high level of evidence to confirm this association in order to establish the need to be more aggressive in risk factor control in these individuals.

scholarly journals Association of ABO blood group with COVID-19 severity, acute phase reactants and mortality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261432
Author(s):  
Uzma Ishaq ◽  
Asmara Malik ◽  
Jahanzeb Malik ◽  
Asad Mehmood ◽  
Azhar Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the ongoing pandemic with multitude of manifestations and association of ABO blood group in South-East Asian population needs to be explored. Methods It was a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19. Blood group A, B, O, and AB were identified in every participant, irrespective of their RH type and allotted groups 1, 2,3, and 4, respectively. Correlation between blood group and lab parameters was presented as histogram distributed among the four groups. Multivariate regression and logistic regression were used for inferential statistics. Results The cohort included 1067 patients: 521 (48.8%) participants had blood group O as the prevalent blood type. Overall, 10.6% COVID-19-related mortality was observed at our center. Mortality was 13.9% in blood group A, 9.5% in group B, 10% in group C, and 10.2% in AB blood group (p = 0.412). IL-6 was elevated in blood group A (median [IQR]: 23.6 [17.5,43.8]), Procalcitonin in blood group B (median [IQR]: 0.54 [0.3,0.7]), D-dimers and CRP in group AB (median [IQR]: 21.5 [9,34]; 24 [9,49], respectively). Regarding severity of COVID-19 disease, no statistical difference was seen between the blood groups. Alteration of the acute phase reactants was not positively associated with any specific blood type. Conclusion In conclusion, this investigation did not show significant association of blood groups with severity and of COVID-19 disease and COVID-19-associated mortality.

scholarly journals A Clinico-pathological Correlation of Carcinoma Stomach and ABO Blood Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Al Masum Ziaul Haque ◽  
Md Omar Ali ◽  
Md Saifullah
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Carcinoma Stomach ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Stomach cancer related to higher rate for blood group A over other ABO types, a prospective assessment of relation between blood group and carcinoma stomach was performed with a view to state the role of ABO blood group in the development of gastric cancer with relationship of clinico-pathological variation. This study sought to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the risk of gastric cancer as well as clinical pathological parameters. Materials and Methods: A Prospective random observational study carried between October 2005 to September 2006 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Department of Surgery & Radiotherapy. Maximum patients admitted in the surgery units with diagnosed case of carcinoma stomach were taken as sample or study population & rest attended in radiotherapy department in DMCH. Results: Among the 70 cases the mean age is 44.3(18-65) (M/F=4:1) years. All the information and data taken from Hospital records and patients themselves or first degree relatives. Results Blood group B-42.85%, A-34.28%, O- 15.71% only 11.42% gave positive family history. Histopathological report show's Adenocarcinoma 95% and among them blood group B 40% and A 31.42%. The differentiation of carcinoma stomach are categorized as Grade-I well differentiated, 37.14% cases moderately differentiated 15.71% and poorly differentiated 45.71%. Among them blood group B is more in case of poorly differentiated carcinoma 25.71%, blood group A is more in well differentiated carcinoma 17.14%. Conclusion: Blood group 'A' has an established relationship with carcinoma stomach. In this study it is found that blood group 'B' is more associated with carcinoma stomach and with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 27-33

scholarly journals ABO BLOOD GROUP;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Altaf Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
KHALIL AHMED Ahmed Sanghro ◽  
Anam Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: To determine frequencies of ABO blood group in T2DM in tertiary Care, Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional study. Place: Conducted in the department of medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical Teaching Hospital (GMMMC). Duration: From January 2016 to July 2016. Methods: With consent of patients having T2DM of both genders and 30-70 years of age. Non-probability, Consecutive sampling was used. Total of 196 patients were enrolled during this time period. After taking consent, blood samples taken from peripheral vein for blood grouping were sent to the Central Laboratory GMMMC. Laboratory technician determined blood group using standard techniques. All this information was collected through a self-structured Performa. Results: Participants in our study were from age range 30 to 70 years with mean age of 53.26 ± 7.28 years. Out of the 196 patients, 110 (56.1%) were female and 86 (43.9%) were male. The prevalence of blood group A, B, AB and O in patients with ischemic stroke was found to be as of following; 34 patients having blood group A (17.3%), 74 patients having blood group B (37.8%), 18 patients having blood group AB (9.2%) and 70 patients having blood group O (35.7%) respectively. Stratification was also done on gender basis. 75.5% (n=148) had positive family history. Conclusion: Blood group B +ve was the most prevalent blood group in T2DM in our study.

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