scholarly journals EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM RED BETEL (PIPER CROCATUM RUIZ AND PAV.) LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Loura Novilia ◽  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the effect of red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) leaves ethanolic extract on hepatoprotective effect on CCl4-induced liver damage in rats.Methods: Standard phytochemical screening method was done for preliminary phytochemical screening. Hepatotoxic rats were induced with CCl4 and treated with ethanolic extract of red betel leaves. The hepatoprotective test was divided into two groups (curative and preventive test). In the curative test, the rats which have been induced with CCl4 were given ethanol extract 600 mg/kg bw each day for 15 days. In the preventive test, the induced rats were given ethanol extract 600 mg/kg bw each day and CCl4 each 4 h for 45 days. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) parameters were also measured.Result: The phytochemical screening showed an ethanolic extract of red betel leaves which contain a lot of phytochemical compounds. The result of hepatoprotective study showed that the ALT, AST, and ALP registered a significant (p<0.05) alteration in CCl4treated rats.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of red betel leaves had the curative and preventive test.

Hepatotoxicity Associated with Cisplatin Chemotherapy

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Cersosimo
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Case Summary

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of possible cisplatin-associated hepatotoxicity. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old man received three cycles of cisplatin (100 mg/m2) and fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2/d for five days) for management of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Liver enzyme concentrations were within normal limits prior to each cycle of therapy but the aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations increased on the second day of each cycle. The concentrations began to decline on day 3 of each course, despite continued fluorouracil administration, and returned to normal by day 10. The patient's antiemetic therapy included metoclopramide in cycle 1 and ondansetron in cycles 2 and 3, which may have contributed to the enzyme elevations. DISCUSSION: Case reports of cisplatin-associated hepatotoxicity are reviewed. An association between cisplatin administration and hepatotoxicity is proposed in this patient. CONCLUSIONS: This patient may have experienced cisplatin-induced liver damage. Metoclopramide and ondansetron may have contributed to this effect.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI N-HEKSAN DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) DENGAN METODE DPPH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
◽  
Reksi Sundu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Ic50 Value

Free radicals and reactive species are widely believed to contribute to the development of several diseases by causing oxidative stress and eventually oxidative. Vernonia amygdalina (Astereacea) is a small shrub or tree between 1 and 5m high growing throughout tropical Africa. Plants are generally known as bitter leaves is well cultivated and is a general market for merchandise in several countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of hexane fraction from ethanol extract od Frican leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). The method used in this study was the DPPH (1,1-Diphenil-2-Picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that ethanolic extract of African leaves contained a composition of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. The antioxidant activity of the extract of n-hexane fraction was classified as very weak with an IC50 value of 317.98 ppm.

Hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia macivera Linn in rats following intraperitoneal administration of different subchronic doses

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Atawodi ◽  
AC Ene ◽  
DA Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury

The possible hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia maciverae was evaluated biochemically and histologically using male Swiss albino rats, randomly assigned into four groups of 24 animals each. The groups (control, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) were treated for 60 days and then monitored for another 30 days before sacrifice. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin (total and direct), total protein and albumin were assessed colorimetrically, while tissue specimens were subjected to histological examination following standard hematoxyline-eosin staining techniques. After 1 week of treatment, the extract caused statistically significant elevation in levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin (total and direct), while there was significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of serum total protein and albumin at the onset of treatment when compared with the control. These abnormalities in the levels of serum biochemical parameters were spontaneously corrected within 2 weeks of treatment. Similarly, histological assessment showed severe hepatic tissue injuries after 1 week, but these organs recovered spontaneously by the second week of treatment. The results indicate that long-term exposure to therapeutic doses of chloroform extract of A maciverae is relatively safe, but high dose exposure may result in hepatocellular injury.

scholarly journals Comparison of a full-spectrum multi-analyte clinical analyser with six reference instruments using canine and feline blood samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 342-350
Author(s):  
CS Lin ◽  
GH Chiang ◽  
CH Liu ◽  
HC Tsai ◽  
CC Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Blood Samples

In this study, we report the characterisation of a novel centrifugation and spectrum-integrated veterinary clinical analyser, the AmiShield<sup>TM</sup>, which has been developed for the multiplex measurement of biochemical, electrolyte and immunoassay parameters in a point-of-care testing environment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the analytical performance of the AmiShield<sup>TM</sup> and to compare it with six reference instruments using clinical blood samples. Two hundred and four canine and 120 feline blood samples collected from veterinary teaching hospitals were analysed in parallel using the AmiShield and appropriate reference instruments. All results were evaluated separately for canine and feline specimens. The instrument’s analytical performance was evaluated initially for short- and long-term precision, bias, and observed total error using quality control material. This was followed by comparison of clinical specimens on the AmiShield analyser in parallel with the Vitros and Hitachi for biochemical parameters, VetScan and SNAPshot for total bile acids, and VetLyte and Biolyte for electrolytes. Overall, the AmiShield analyser’s performance met the standards of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology for total allowable error for most analytes, and can be considered suitable for use in veterinary clinical practices. Using canine samples, excellent correlation coefficients (r ≧ 0.92) were identified for 14 analytes of various categories including glucose, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, amylase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>–</sup> and total bile acid, while good correlations (0.91 ≧ r ≧ 0.80) were recorded for albumin (r = 0.91). Bland-Altman difference plots also showed agreement (greater than 95% within Limits of Agreement) for glucose, total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, amylase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>–</sup> and total bile acid between AmiShield and the reference instruments. However, aspartate aminotransferase and phosphorus exhibited higher outliers, implying potential problems associated with matrix interferences such as lipemic samples, which warrant further study. This study demonstrates that the AmiShield compares favourably with standard reference instruments, and the new device generated data of high quality for most analytes in clinical canine and feline samples. The capability of reliably measuring multi-category analytes in one device using minute amounts (170 μl) of whole blood and short turn-around times (&lt; 15 min) underlines the high potential of the device as a good alternative in-house diagnostic application.

Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract ofEclipta alba on experimental liver damage in rats and mice

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Singh ◽  
A. K. Saxena ◽  
B. K. Chandan ◽  
S. G. Agarwal ◽  
M. S. Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Experimental Liver ◽  
Experimental Liver Damage

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIANXIETY EFFECT OF DRIED FRUITS OF PRUNUS AMERICANA MARSH

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Saurabh Sharma ◽  
Barinderjit Kaur ◽  
Ashish Suttee ◽  
Hayat M Mukhtar ◽  
Vandna Kalsi
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Choice Tests

Objective: To evaluate antianxiety effect of dried fruits of Prunus americana Marsh. Family Rosaceae.Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed on various extracts of the fruits. Elevated plus maze and light/dark choice tests were used for screening of antianxiety activity. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) was used as the standard drug.Results: Phytochemical screening has shown the presence of various constituents such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, and saponins. Different concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) of the ethanolic extract of P. americana have shown promising results. Significant antianxiety activity was observed in ethanol extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg in both models.Conclusion: The present study suggests that ethanolic extract of P. americana contains certain chemical components that are responsible for the antianxiety effect of the fruits of the plant. The plant may be considered for the management of various disorders related to anxiety.

scholarly journals ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF THE LEAVES ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PICRIA FEL-TERRAE LOUR.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Dadang Irfan Husori ◽  
Imam Bagus Sumantri ◽  
Simon Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Liver And Kidney

 Objective: Picria fel-terrae belongs to family Linderniaceae is also known as Pugun tano by Indonesian people. The ethanolic extract of plant leaves has several potential pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, anthelmintic, and antioxidant. However, the toxicity of the plant extract is rarely explored. This work was to investigate toxicity of the leaf ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae on Artemia salina and male mice.Methods: Acute toxicity of the plant extract was studied by in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro study was carried out by exposing nauplii to the plant extract at concentrations of 10, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 μg/ml for 48 h. In vivo study was performed on male mice that divided into four groups. Groups I, II, III, and IV were treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5%, the ethanolic extract of plant leaves at doses of 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg bw, respectively. The animal toxic symptoms were observed every day for 14 days. On day 15, the blood of mice was collected to measure alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine levels. The effects of plant extract on vital animal organs such as heart, liver, and kidney were also studied. Statistical analysis of data was performed using analysis of variance and followed by Tukey post hoc.Results: The results showed that the leaf ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae to have weakly toxicity on A. salina with the LC50 of 768.07 μg/ml. At in vivo studies, the toxic symptoms of mice were not identified during experiment with all doses of the plant extract for 14 days. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine levels were no significantly different between control and all treatment groups (p>0.05). However, alanine aminotransferase level changed when mice were exposed by the plant extract at the doses of 2.000 and 5.000 mg/kg bw. Although the mice were not dead during experiment, the animal organs such as heart, liver, and kidney were histologically changed.Conclusion: This study suggests that the ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae leaves has weakly toxicity on A. salina and causes histological changes on male mice organs at the high doses.

scholarly journals Biochemical Effects to Toxicity of CCl4 on Rosy Barbs (Puntius conchonius)

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bhattacharya ◽  
L. Lun ◽  
G.D. Gomez R.
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Biochemical Effects

Biochemical changes in the liver, kidneys and gills of rosy barbs due to toxicity of CCl4 were measured after 96 hour exposure. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinin (CRN), levels were measured. Significant increase in ALP, ALT, LDH and BUN activities were observed in the liver in the treated groups compared to controls (P < 0.05). AST level was significantly higher in the kidneys. This study indicates that the enzymatic activity was comparatively higher in the liver than kidneys or gills, suggesting that the liver is the target organ of CCL4 toxicity to rosy barbs.Keywords: Toxicity, Rosy Barb, CCl4doi:10.3126/on.v3i1.330Our Nature (2005)5:20-25

scholarly journals Histological changes of the liver and metabolic correlates in ewes with pregnancy toxemia

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cal ◽  
C. Borteiro ◽  
A. Benech ◽  
E. Rodas ◽  
M.N. Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Pregnancy Toxemia ◽  
Liver Degeneration ◽  
Almost All

The histological changes of the liver in ewes with pregnancy toxemia were characterized. Ten ewes were fed on grass ad libitum, and another ten were starved from day 130 of pregnancy for up to four days. Liver puncture biopsies were performed at days 70, 100, 130, and 140 of pregnancy, and at day 45 in postpartum. Seric hydroxybutyrate (HB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were dosed. Histological preparations revealed similar incidence and intensity of mild liver steatosis in both groups at day 130. Starved ewes become toxemic (as indicated by HB), and at day 140 exhibited more severe injury in a higher proportion (9/9 vs. 4/10; P<0.01). Almost all of them (7/9) had large amounts of small lipid droplets in almost every hepatocyte over the whole liver acinus, and higher NEFA values. At day 45 in postpartum, both groups had mild steatotic changes as initially. A positive correlation between severity of liver damage seric and only aspartate aminotransferase was observed at day 140 in starved animals (P<0.05). This enzyme could be used to assess liver damage, but not alkaline phosphatase. All samples with degeneration corresponded to the microvesicular type. A short starvation period during late pregnancy in ewes produced reversible liver degeneration.

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