scholarly journals DRUG REPOSITION OF NON-CANCER DRUGS FOR CANCER TREATMENTS VIA PHARMACOVIGILANCE APPROACH - REPURPOSING DRUGS IN ONCOLOGY

2019 ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrugank Bhaskarkumar Parmar ◽  
Shital Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Source Data

This study for drug repositioning has been performed for the drugs which are in the market since more than a decade and they are approved with their well-established efficacy and safety in human being. Objective of this study was to reposition the existing non-cancer drug therapy for cancer treatment, which is having well characterized pharmacologic profile with more efficacy and least toxicity as anti-neoplastic agent. We have retrieved the source data from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for the last 13 years covering duration from 2004 to 2016 and analysed those using pharmacovigilance approach ‘a proposed future novel pharmaceutical tool for drug reposition’. Signal management activity was performed for statistical analysis. Result of statistical analysis derived that propranolol; metformin; pioglitazone; dabigatran and nitroglycerin are the existing non-cancer drugs which deserved for their direct / indirect reposition for cancer treatment and anti-neoplastic activity. Further studies retrieving the source data from other regulatory database (e.g. Eudravigilance of EMA and VigiFlow of WHO) and post-marketing surveillance study with the same objective may adjuvant our results for the reposition of existing drugs by pharmacovigilance approach.

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of clinical and bioinformatics databases to identify anticancer properties of digoxin

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yokoyama ◽  
Yasuhiro Sugimoto ◽  
Chihiro Nakagawa ◽  
Kouichi Hosomi ◽  
Mitsutaka Takada
Keyword(s):  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Clinical Databases ◽  
Bioinformatics Databases

Abstract Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, inhibit Na+/K+-ATPases and cause secondary activation of Na+/Ca2+ exchangers. Preclinical investigations have suggested that digoxin may have anticancer properties. In order to clarify the functional mechanisms of digoxin in cancer, we performed an integrative analysis of clinical and bioinformatics databases. The US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System and the Japan Medical Data Center claims database were used as clinical databases to evaluate reporting odds ratios and adjusted sequence ratios, respectively. The BaseSpace Correlation Engine and Connectivity Map bioinformatics databases were used to investigate molecular pathways related to digoxin anticancer mechanisms. Clinical database analyses suggested an inverse association between digoxin and four cancers: gastric, colon, prostate and haematological malignancy. The bioinformatics database analysis suggested digoxin may exert an anticancer effect via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and apoptotic caspase cascade pathways. Our integrative analysis revealed the possibility of digoxin as a drug repositioning candidate for cancers.

Artificial Intelligence and Cancer Drug Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jerry D. Darsey ◽  
Anindya Ghosh ◽  
Hong-Yu Li ◽  
Mary Q. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
De Novo Design ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Target Validation ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Research Drug ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Background: The development of cancer drugs is among the most focused “bench to bedside activities” to improve human health. Because of the amount of data publicly available to cancer research, drug development for cancers has significantly benefited from big data and AI. In the meantime, challenges, like curating the data of low quality, remain to be resolved. Objective: This review focused on the recent advancements in and challenges of AI in developing cancer drugs. Method: We discussed target validation, drug repositioning, de novo design, and compounds' synthetic strategies. Results and Conclusion: AI can be applied to all stages during drug development, and some excellent reviews detailing the applications of AI in specific stages are available.

scholarly journals Oncology Pharmacist’s Role and Impact on the Multidisciplinary Patient-Centre Practice of Oncology Clinic in Public Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Chu Man Hin ◽  
Chong Chung Hong
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Drug Knowledge

Oncology pharmacy service was developed and integrated into the multidisciplinary team of oncology clinic in 2013 at the United Christian Hospital aiming to enhance the holistic patient-centre practice of the clinic through the optimization of the safety and efficacy of anti-cancer treatment. This review aims to describe the role and impact of oncology pharmacists (OPs) in clinical setting to optimize anti-cancer treatment for cancer patients in a multidisciplinary care approach. From selection, prescribing, procurement to monitoring and patient education, OPs significantly contribute to the safety and effective use of anti-neoplastics in any circumstances. OPs provide professional advices to oncologists in choosing the appropriate anti-cancer agents for specific cancer and designing personalized anti-cancer treatment according to patients’ fitness and appropriateness for chemotherapy. Parenteral and oral chemotherapeutic agents carry heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when they are used in errors. Thus, OPs also develop standardized chemotherapy orders and ensure the final dose is appropriate in terms of both hematological and non-hematological responses and tolerability. Moreover, OPs play an important role in procuring anti-cancer drugs and sourcing alternative drug choices that will deliver similar clinical outcomes. In addition, OPs also assure the clinical integrity of anti-cancer drugs for full anti-neoplastic activity and safe administration of these drugs by nursing staff to minimize potential occupational risk. Most importantly, OPs play a vital role in providing direct patient care functions such as drug therapy monitoring and management (e.g. ensure that patients receive sufficient pre-medications for administration of anti-cancer drugs), and medication counseling for patients and their carers to better understand their anti-cancer treatment. The positive impact of integrating OPs into the multidisciplinary patient-center practice of oncology clinic includes (1) reduction in potentially life-threatening medication incidents and cancer drug administration errors in public hospitals; (2) collaboration with oncologists to select the most suitable cancer drug regimens for patients; (3) prevention of potential occupational risk to the healthcare professionals who handle cancer drugs; and (4) provision of optimal therapy treatment, monitoring and counseling to patients to reduce side effects and hospital readmission. The professional drug knowledge of OPs adds value to the multidisciplinary team in oncology clinics and the growth of OPs into effective direct patient care in oncology clinics should be encouraged to optimize medication-related outcomes.

scholarly journals DrugCentral 2021 supports drug discovery and repositioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (D1) ◽  
pp. D1160-D1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorin Avram ◽  
Cristian G Bologa ◽  
Jayme Holmes ◽  
Giovanni Bocci ◽  
Thomas B Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
Public Resource ◽  
The Us ◽  
Data Files ◽  
Approved Drugs

Abstract DrugCentral is a public resource (http://drugcentral.org) that serves the scientific community by providing up-to-date drug information, as described in previous papers. The current release includes 109 newly approved (October 2018 through March 2020) active pharmaceutical ingredients in the US, Europe, Japan and other countries; and two molecular entities (e.g. mefuparib) of interest for COVID19. New additions include a set of pharmacokinetic properties for ∼1000 drugs, and a sex-based separation of side effects, processed from FAERS (FDA Adverse Event Reporting System); as well as a drug repositioning prioritization scheme based on the market availability and intellectual property rights forFDA approved drugs. In the context of the COVID19 pandemic, we also incorporated REDIAL-2020, a machine learning platform that estimates anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities, as well as the ‘drugs in news’ feature offers a brief enumeration of the most interesting drugs at the present moment. The full database dump and data files are available for download from the DrugCentral web portal.

Development and economic trends in cancer therapeutic drugs: An updated analysis of modern and historical treatment costs compared to the contemporary GDP per capita.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 259-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Savage
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
The Cost

259 Background: Cancer drug development is a major industry and clincial success story with new cancer treatment drugs delivering improved healthcare for many more patients each year. Generally new cancer treatment drugs are viewed as being of 'high cost' and there is considerable debate as to how these new treatments can be funded for routine use. Accurate data on the trends of the relative costs of new treatments compared with earlier high cost cancer drugs is limited. In this sudy we have aimed to document all the newly licenced cancer drugs, by year of introduction, and compare the cost of a standard course of treatment relative to the current per capita GDP to allow an assessment of how relative costs of new drugs have changed over time. Methods: Drugs are classified by years of introduction, therapeutic classification, and an assessment of relative treatment cost using a contemporary 'standard' treatment compared with the relevant UK GDP per capita. Results: Prior to 1960, there were 5 cancer drugs available, 2 new drugs were introduced in the 1960s, 18 in the 1970s, 14 in the 1980s, 24 in the 1990s, 23 between 2000-2009 and 15 between 2010-12. Data will be presented on the cost relative to per capita GDP of a standard treatment for each new drug released from 1987 to current. The summary data indicates that the cost at introduction of an average new cancer drug treatment has increased from 33% of per capita GDP for 1995-99, 53% for 2000-2004, 67% for 2005-2009 and is now 114% for 2010-2012. Conclusions: The cost of new cancer drug treatments appears to be rising in absolute and relative terms. The data in this abstract may be of value to those interested in the history of cancer treatment development and the associated current economic issues.

Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway as a New Mechanism to Exploit Cancer Drug Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 779-787
Author(s):  
Kajal Ghosal ◽  
Christian Agatemor ◽  
Richard I. Han ◽  
Amy T. Ku ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Fanconi Anemia ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Repair Pathway ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Chemotherapy employs anti-cancer drugs to stop the growth of cancerous cells, but one common obstacle to the success is the development of chemoresistance, which leads to failure of the previously effective anti-cancer drugs. Resistance arises from different mechanistic pathways, and in this critical review, we focus on the Fanconi Anemia (FA) pathway in chemoresistance. This pathway has yet to be intensively researched by mainstream cancer researchers. This review aims to inspire a new thrust toward the contribution of the FA pathway to drug resistance in cancer. We believe an indepth understanding of this pathway will open new frontiers to effectively treat drug-resistant cancer.

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