scholarly journals EFFICACY OF JAVANESE TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT IN ERADICATING STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS AND PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS BIOFILM

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
REZON YANUAR ◽  
DEWI FATMA SUNIARTI ◽  
WIDURINI DJOHAN
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguinis

Objective: Javanese turmeric is an Indonesian native medicinal plant with antibacterial activities. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of identifiedJavanese turmeric ethanol extract (IJTEE) in eradicating Streptococcus sanguinis and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms.Methods: Biofilm assay: Single and combination biofilms formed at different phases were exposed to IJTEE in 0.5–25% concentrations for 1 h. Thepercentage of eradication was tested using the microtetrazolium assay.Results: The efficacy of IJTEE in eradicating the biofilm was equal to that of chlorhexidine against the early phase of biofilm formation. IJTEE is moreeffective against S. sanguinis biofilm formation than against P. gingivalis biofilm formation.Conclusion: IJTEE can eradicate S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis biofilms.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF JAVANESE TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT IN INHIBITING STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS AND PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS BIOFILM FORMATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
REINA HUTAURUK ◽  
DEWI FATMA SUNIARTI ◽  
WIDURINI DJOHAN
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguinis

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the potential of Javanese turmeric ethanol extract in the inhibition of the formation ofStreptococcus sanguinis and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms, individually and in combination.Methods: The concentration of P. gingivalis and S. sanguinis bacteria ranged from 0.5% to 25%. Inhibition assay for biofilm formation was conductedon a 96-well plate using brain heart infusion (BHI) agar enriched with 0.2% sucrose at 37oC for 18 h. After staining with 0.5% crystal violet, the opticaldensity was measured at 490 nm.Results: Javanese turmeric can potentially inhibit the biofilm formation of S. sanguinis (IC50 0.5%, IC90 15%) and P. gingivalis (IC50 15%) on single anddual species (IC50 0.5%, IC90 15%).Conclusion: Javanese turmeric has the potential to inhibit the formation of S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis biofilms.

scholarly journals Antibacterial potential of strawberries and basil extracts combination against Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556)

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Hendra Dian Adhita Dharsono ◽  
Denny Nurdin ◽  
Fajar Fatriadi ◽  
Yolanda Dwiutami Gondowidjojo ◽  
Ellizabeth Yunita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Oral Biofilm ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Introduction: Streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal microorganism as well as a pioneer colony in forming dental plaque. Oral biofilm formation can be prevented by a mechanical cleaning procedure followed by the use of mouthwash. The current gold standard for mouthwash is chlorhexidine. Nevertheless, it has side effects that are not recommended for long-term use. Previous studies had proven that herbal-based mouthwashes such as basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) and strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa) have been shown to have antibacterial properties. The effectivity of antibacterial activity phenomenon in combined extracts has been reported in other studies. This research aims to observe the antibacterial potential of the F. x ananassa and O. basilicum extract combinations against S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556). Methods: The sample of this study was a combination of F. x ananassa and O. basilicum extract, which initially screened for their antibacterial activities. Antibacterial activities of F. x ananassa and O. basilicum extracts against S. sanguinis were observed using Kirby Bauer method, while Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by serial microdilution method. The 2% concentration from each extract was combined in 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 volume ratio variations then tested for inhibitory zones, MIC, and MBC. Results: F. x ananassa extract had 0.125% and 0.25% for MIC and MBC respectively, while O. basilicum extract showed the value of MIC and MBC as 0.031% and 0.063% against S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556). The extract combinations in 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 volume ratio variations showed 0.016% for MIC and 0.031% for MBC. Conclusions: It was concluded that combining extracts of 2 % F. x ananassa and 2% O. basilicum in various ratios were observably to have the antibacterial potential against S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556).

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF IDENTIFIED JAVANESE TURMERIC ETHANOL EXTRACT FOR THE INHIBITION OF BIOFILM FORMATION BY STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
LIZA NOAH FEBRIANA MARPAUNG ◽  
DEWI FATMA SUNIARTI ◽  
AGOENG TJAHAJANI SARWONO
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extract

Objective: To study the effectiveness of identified Javanese turmeric ethanol extract (IJTEE) against single and combined biofilm formation byStreptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.Methods: S. mutans ATCC 25175 and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 were tested for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC) of IJTEE using microdilution technique. The inhibition of biofilm formation by IJTEE was analyzed using crystal violet assay.Results: MIC and MBC of IJTEE for S. mutans were 5% and 15%, respectively. MIC of IJTEE for the biofilm of S. mutans was 1% and for that ofP. gingivalis was 15%; the MIC of IJTEE for the combined biofilm was 0.5%.Conclusion: IJTEE was effective in inhibiting single and combined biofilm formation by S. mutans and P. gingivalis.

Pharmacognostical fingerprinting and selective bioactivity studies of Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Sundar Ray ◽  
Suman Kalyan Mandal ◽  
Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Solanum glaucophyllum Desf. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for curing several health conditions in both human and domesticated animals. There is no data available regarding pharmacognostic standardization and pharmacological activity of this less known medicinal plant. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to prepare pharmacognostic fingerprints of crude drugs obtained from the leaf and stem parts of S. glaucophyllum. Apart from this detailed phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies have also been carried out. Pharmacognostic study revealed that the leaves are amphistomatic and stomata are strictly of anisocytic type. Values of stomatal index, palisade ratio, ash content of the investigated parts are found distinct and can be used as pharmacognostic standards for evaluation of crude drugs of this medicinal plant. Phytochemical studies of the leaf and stem parts indicated that phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids are present in quite impressible amount. Curcumin content in stem was found very high through HPLC analysis. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the stem part showed significant antioxidant potential. Ethanol extract of stem produced maximum inhibition zone (11mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 50 mg/ml among five test microorganisms. Some pharmacognostic features recorded in this study as diagnostic ones will help in proper identification of this ethnomedicinal plant in its fresh as well as dried form. On the other hand preliminary phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies highlight the S. glaucophyllum as a promising candidate for bioprospecting.

scholarly journals Abrogation of Neuraminidase Reduces Biofilm Formation, Capsule Biosynthesis, and Virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Kurniyati ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Jiang Bian ◽  
Jianlan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

ABSTRACTThe oral bacteriumPorphyromonas gingivalisis a key etiological agent of human periodontitis, a prevalent chronic disease that affects up to 80% of the adult population worldwide.P. gingivalisexhibits neuraminidase activity. However, the enzyme responsible for this activity, its biochemical features, and its role in the physiology and virulence ofP. gingivalisremain elusive. In this report, we found thatP. gingivalisencodes a neuraminidase, PG0352 (SiaPg). Transcriptional analysis showed thatPG0352is monocistronic and is regulated by a sigma70-like promoter. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that SiaPgis an exo-α-neuraminidase that cleaves glycosidic-linked sialic acids. Cryoelectron microscopy and tomography analyses revealed that thePG0352deletion mutant (ΔPG352) failed to produce an intact capsule layer. Compared to the wild type,in vitrostudies showed that ΔPG352 formed less biofilm and was less resistant to killing by the host complement.In vivostudies showed that while the wild type caused a spreading type of infection that affected multiple organs and all infected mice were killed, ΔPG352 only caused localized infection and all animals survived. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SiaPgis an important virulence factor that contributes to the biofilm formation, capsule biosynthesis, and pathogenicity ofP. gingivalis, and it can potentially serve as a new target for developing therapeutic agents againstP. gingivalisinfection.

scholarly journals An ethno medicinal plant: Antibacterial activities of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl aqueous extract against common pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Hori Ghaneialvar ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Sania Saneei ◽  
akram Zangeneh ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities

scholarly journals Study and comparison of antibacterial activities of extracts of Zataria multiflora and Teucrium polium on Penibacillus alvei

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
E. REZVANNEJAD ◽  
E. NASIRIFAR ◽  
S. LOTFI ◽  
M. ABDOLINASAB
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Paenibacillus Alvei ◽  
Teucrium Polium

In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanol and methanol extracts of Zataria multiflora and Teucrium polium was determined against Paenibacillus alvei by disc diffusion method. Paenibacillus alvei is one secondary bacterium for the European foulbrood disease in honey bee. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by using the serial dilution method. For this, Z. multiflora and T. polium are collected from different areas of Iran then they are dried and extracted in lab. The antibacterial effect of alcoholic extracts of Z. multiflora and T. polium was lower than usual standard antibiotics (P<0.01), but the ethanol and methanol extracts of Z. multiflora at a concentration of 60mg/ml, have inhibitory and lethal effects on P. alvei. Also, 100mg/ml concentrations of ethanol extract of T. polium has inhibitory and lethal effects on this bacterium. But, the no one of used concentrations of its methanol extract has inhibitory and lethal effects. Results indicated that used extracts of Z. multiflora have the higher antibacterial effects than extract of T. polium on Paenibacillus alvei. It can be concluded that regarding the high antibacterial power of Z. multiflora, it is necessity to work on how they can be used in control and treatment of bacterial honey bee diseases.

scholarly journals Glycation of Host Proteins Increases Pathogenic Potential of Porphyromonas gingivalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 12084
Author(s):  
Michał Śmiga ◽  
John W. Smalley ◽  
Paulina Ślęzak ◽  
Jason L. Brown ◽  
Klaudia Siemińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Glycated Proteins ◽  
Sds Page

The non-enzymatic addition of glucose (glycation) to circulatory and tissue proteins is a ubiquitous pathophysiological consequence of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Given the high incidence of periodontitis and diabetes and the emerging link between these conditions, it is of crucial importance to define the basic virulence mechanisms employed by periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis in mediating the disease process. The aim of this study was to determine whether glycated proteins are more easily utilized by P. gingivalis to stimulate growth and promote the pathogenic potential of this bacterium. We analyzed the properties of three commonly encountered proteins in the periodontal environment that are known to become glycated and that may serve as either protein substrates or easily accessible heme sources. In vitro glycated proteins were characterized using colorimetric assays, mass spectrometry, far- and near-UV circular dichroism and UV–visible spectroscopic analyses and SDS-PAGE. The interaction of glycated hemoglobin, serum albumin and type one collagen with P. gingivalis cells or HmuY protein was examined using spectroscopic methods, SDS-PAGE and co-culturing P. gingivalis with human keratinocytes. We found that glycation increases the ability of P. gingivalis to acquire heme from hemoglobin, mostly due to heme sequestration by the HmuY hemophore-like protein. We also found an increase in biofilm formation on glycated collagen-coated abiotic surfaces. We conclude that glycation might promote the virulence of P. gingivalis by making heme more available from hemoglobin and facilitating bacterial biofilm formation, thus increasing P. gingivalis pathogenic potential in vivo.

scholarly journals Assessment of the anti-virulence potential of extracts from four plants used in traditional Chinese medicine against multidrug-resistant pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghui Pu ◽  
Huaqiao Tang ◽  
Nana Long ◽  
Min Qiu ◽  
Mingxiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Quorum Quenching ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant pathogens are resistant to many antibiotics and associated with serious infections. Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, Sanguisorba officinalis, Terminalia chebula Retz and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, are all used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against multidrug-resistant pathogens, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-virulence activity of extracts derived from them. Methods The antibacterial activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts from these four plants was examined against several multi-drug resistant bacterial strains, and their anti-virulence potential (including quorum quenching activity, biofilm inhibition, and blocking production of virulence factor δ-toxin) was assessed against different S. aureus strains. The chemical composition of the most effective extract was determined by LC-FTMS. Results Only extracts from S. officinalis and A. tsaoko were shown to exhibit limited growth inhibition activity at a dose of 256 μg·mL-1. The S. officinalis ethanol extract, the ethanol and aqueous extract of A. tsaoko, and the aqueous extract of S. miltiorrhiza all demonstrated quorum quenching activity, but didn’t significantly inhibit bacterial growth. The ethanol extract of S. officinalis inhibited bacterial toxin production and biofilm formation at low concentrations. Chemical composition analysis of the most effective extract of S. officinalis showed that it mainly contained saponins. Conclusions The most active extract tested in this study was the ethanol root extract of S. officinalis. It inhibited δ-toxin production and biofilm formation at low concentrations and saponins may be its key active components. While the four plants showed no direct antibacterial effects, their anti-virulence properties may be key to fighting bacterial infections.

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