scholarly journals A REVIEW ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE GENUS PICRORHIZA (SCROPHULARIACE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
ANJU BHATNAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Major Chemical

Picrorhiza (family Scrophulariace), commonly known as ‘kukti’ is a small perennial herb found in the Himalayan regions of China, Pakistan, India, Bhutan and Nepal at an altitude of 3000-5200 m. Different plant parts and its extract have traditionally been used as a remedy of various ailments such as fever, asthma, jaundice, anemia, abdominal pain, dysentery, cold, stomach problems. Picrorihza has been investigated for its chemical composition and biological activities by various researchers. The major chemical constituents found in this plant were iridoid glycosides, cucurbitacins (triterpenoids) glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides and phenolics. The Picrorihza has various pharmacological properties, including hepto-protective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, cardio-protective, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. A thorough bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing worldwide scientific databases including Pub Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Wiley online as well as offline sources. The Present review is aimed to provide an updated overview of traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Picrorihza to explore its therapeutic potentials and to provide bases for future research.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE LEAVES OF LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA FROM MALAYSIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zaky Zayed ◽  
Benedict Samling
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Major Chemical

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to identify the phytochemical constituents of <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> leaf extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol leaves extract of <em>L. leucocephala</em> were analyzed using GC-MS, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS analysis of <em>L. leucocephala</em> leaves revealed the presence of 30 compounds and the major chemical constituents were Squalene (41.02%), Phytol (33.80%), 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (30.86%) and 3,7,11-Tridecatrienenitrile, 4,8,12-trimethyl (25.64%). Some of these compounds have been reported to possess various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antiparasitic, insecticide, nematicide, pesticide, anti coronary, antiarthritic, antiandrogenic, hypocholesterolemic, cancer preventive, anti-cancer, analgesic, anesthetic, allergenic and etc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicating that<em> L.</em> <em>leucocephala</em> leaves possess various potent bioactive compounds and is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.</p>

scholarly journals SCABIOSA COLUMBARIA: A REVIEW OF ITS MEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
ALFRED MAROYI
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Aerial Parts

Scabiosa columbaria is a perennial herb widely used as herbal medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa, Asia, and Europe. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of the biological activities, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of S. columbaria. Documented information on biological activities, medicinal uses, and phytochemistry of S. columbaria was collected from several online sources which included BMC, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, PubMed, and Web of Science. Additional information on the biological activities, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of S. columbaria was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles, theses, and scientific publications sourced from the university library. This study showed that the aerial parts, leaves, roots, stems, and the whole plant parts of S. columbaria are used as colic, love charm and for magical purposes, and as herbal medicine for eye problems, heartburn, respiratory problems, wounds, female infertility, venereal diseases, skin infections, and menstrual problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the aerial parts and roots of S. columbaria are glycoside scabiosin, loganin, sweroside, palmitic acid, phthalic acid, diisooctyl phthalate, bis-(ethylhexyl) phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate. Pharmacological research revealed that S. columbaria extracts and compounds have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoan activities. Future research should focus on evaluating the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties of S. columbaria crude extracts as well as compounds isolated from the species.

Acanthospermum hispidum DC: An Updated Review on Phytochemistry and Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelyn Cintya Felipe dos Santos ◽  
Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado ◽  
Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira ◽  
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Bibliographic Search

Background: Acanthospermum hispidum DC is a medicinal plant present in America, Africa, Australia, India, Hawaii, and Brazil. In Brazil, the species is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory disorders and has expectorant action. In the literature there are studies on the chemical composition of the species, with reports of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, terpenes, and steroids. In addition, several studies have reported in vitro and in vivo studies that prove the biological properties of extracts and compounds isolated from different organs of the A. hispidum plant, including: hepatoprotectors, antioxidants, antimicrobials and antiparasitic. Objective: The objective of this review is to update the knowledge about the phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicity aspects of A. hispidum, to contribute to the recognition of the species and direct new studies. Methods: An extensive bibliographic search was conducted in different scientific databases. Results: The presence of different chemical constituents in A. hispidum have been identified, among them flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and steroids. Additionally, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities were mainly attributed to the species, and other activities not previously described were presented, such as anticholinesterase, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic, all based on results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, no reports of toxic effects were found in the in vitro and in vivo tests. After analyzing the articles, it was evidenced that other experiments, with different models using animals, are essential to evaluate the possible mechanisms of action of the extracts and compounds isolated of A. hispidum. Conclusion: Therefore, this review may contribute to the recognition of the importance of A. hispidum and its potential as a medicinal plant and may also guide the conduct of future research regarding the constituents, biological activities, and toxicity of the species.

Phytochemical, Pharmacological Activities and Ayurvedic Significances of Magical Plant Mimosa pudica Linn

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Anti Cancer

: Mimosa pudica Linn is an integrated part of Traditional Medicines Systems of India, China, Africa, Korea and America. It has been used from centuries in traditional medicines to cure different diseases like fever, diabetes, constipation, jaundice, ulcers, biliousness, and dyspepsia. It is an important ingredient of wide class of herbal formulations. To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic potential of Mimosa pudica Linn and to identify the gaps for future research. The available information on the ethno-medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Mimosa pudica Linn was collected via a library and electronic searches in Sci-Finder, Pub-Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar for the period, 1990 to 2020. In traditional medicinal systems, variety of ethno-medicinal applications of Mimosa pudica Linn has been noticed. Phytochemical investigation has resulted in identification of 40 well known chemical constituents, among which alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts and isolates have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, hypertension etc.. To quantify the Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations, analytical techniques like HPLC and HPTLC has shown dominancy with good range of recovery and detection limit. Mimosa pudica Linn is the well-known herb since an ancient time. The pharmacological results supported some of the applications of Mimosa pudica Linn in traditional medicine systems. Perhaps, the predominance of alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are responsible for the pharmacological activities the crude extracts and isolates of Mimosa pudica Linn. Further, there is need to isolate and evaluate the active chemical constituents of Mimosa pudica Linn having significant medicinal values. In future, it is important to study the exact mechanism associated with the phytochemicals of Mimosa pudica Linn especially on anti-cancer activities. Notably, toxicity studies on Mimosa pudica Linn are limited which are to be explored in future for the safe application of Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations.

Chemical Constituents Isolated from Rhododendron ungernii with Antioxidant Profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Dede ◽  
Nusret Genc ◽  
Mahfuz Elmastas ◽  
Huseyin Aksit ◽  
Ramazan Erenler
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Background: Plant in Rhododendron genus that contains phenolic compounds has been used in traditional medicine and revealed considerable biological activities. Objective: Isolation and identification of antioxidant natural products from Rhododendron ungernii. Methods: Rhododendron ungernii Trautv. flowers were collected and dried in shade. The dried flowers were extracted with methanol for 3 days. The solvent was removed by reduced pressure to yield the extract which was subjected to column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, C18 reversed phase column) to isolate catechin-7-O-glucoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2), quercetin-3-O- β-xyloside (3), farrerol (4), myricetin (5), and quercetin (6). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and LC-TOF/MS. DPPH scavenging effect, ABTS+ scavenging activity, and reducing power (FRAP) were performed for antioxidant assays of isolated natural compounds. Results: Isolated flavonoids displayed the outstanding antioxidant activities. Catechin-7-O-glucoside (1) and quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2) (IC50, 3.66 µg/mL) had the most DPPH• scavenging effect among the compounds. The highest ABTS•+ scavenging activity (IC50, 1.41 µg/mL) and reducing power effect (6.05 mmol TE/g comp) were observed for myricetin (5). Conclusion: R. ungernii extract and isolated compounds could be a promising antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals The Genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae): A Review of Its Diversity, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva ◽  
Davlat Kh. Akramov ◽  
Ludger A. Wessjohann ◽  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Chunlin Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South Central ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Central South

The genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is native to Central, South-Central, and Eastern Asia. It comprises 44 species, which have been commonly used as herbal medicines for the treatments of various ailments for thousands of years, especially in Asian countries. This review aims to summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of species from the genus Lagochilus to unveil opportunities for future research. In addition, we provide some information about their traditional uses, botany, and diversity. More than 150 secondary metabolites have been reported from Lagochilus, including diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, iridoid glycosides, lignans, steroids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile, non-volatile and aromatic compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and other secondary metabolites. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on the crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from Lagochilus species showed hemostatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antispasmodic, hypotensive, sedative, psychoactive, and other activities.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical, phytochemistry, and pharmacological property of Waltheria Indica Linn

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Nirmala ◽  
M Sridevi
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Anti Fungal

Abstract Background In modern therapeutics, various human pathological disturbances were treated with the plant-based products. Waltheria indica Linn, a perennial herb, was commonly used in traditional medicine worldwide against various ailments such as cough, dysentery, diarrhea, bladder disorder, hemoptysis, inflammations, neuralgia, wounds, and ulcers. Main body The shrub was majorly distributed in tropical, subtropical regions and exists in many distinct local forms. Both the crude extracts and purified compounds from the whole plant and its parts showed wide pharmacological properties like antioxidant, analgesic, sedative, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-parasitic. The phytochemical profile and traditional usage highlight the potency of the plant in the treatment of microbial infections and inflammatory diseases. Yet, additional studies are required for the confirmations of its traditional uses against other diseases. More detailed understanding of anti-cataract, anti-diabetics, asthma, anemia, and anti-cancer mechanism has to be explored. Though many research articles on the proposed plant are available, there has been a rising concern in the therapeutic property, especially on the alkaloids and flavonoids from this plant for drug design. Conclusion This article aims in a systematic and updated review on distribution, botany, traditional uses, phytocompounds, and relevant biological activities from each part of the plant. The information was collected from databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, books, dissertation, and reports via academic libraries that included more than 100 articles published since 1937. This ethnopharmacological study of the plant may create new insight into drug discovery to develop important novel leads against various biological targets.

Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Cordia Myxa L.: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varinder Singh ◽  
Ankita Sood ◽  
Simran Pruthi ◽  
Manjinder Singh ◽  
Balraj Saini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Cordia Myxa ◽  
Chronic Fever ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Cordia myxa L. (CM) is a valuable ethnomedicinal plant from Boraginaceae family. Traditionally, CM parts especially fruits and leaves are used in chest and urinary tract infections, diarrhoea, dysentery, tuberculosis, liver and spleen disorders, chronic fever, malaria etc. Objective: Despite of known importance and uses, CM has gained relatively less attention of researchers and concise reviews revealing the medicinal potential of CM are scanty. The present review summarizes the chemical constituents and biological activities of CM and aims to stimulate future research to develop it as a functional health food. Results: Analysis of literature on CM showed that its fruits are a rich source of nutrients and are frequently employed in wide ailments such as urinary and respiratory tract infections, chronic fever, liver disorders, asthma, used as anthelmintic, diuretic, expectorant and purgative. Scientific studies have shown the antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective, hypotensive, antiulcer and antimicrobial activities of CM. More than 45 compounds belonging to carbohydrates, steroids, carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids have been reported from various parts of CM. Conclusion: Systematic preclinical studies support the traditional claims of CM. The analysis of available literature showed that CM could be developed as a drug. Further, studies such as detailed pharmacological and toxicological evaluation, isolation of bioactive compounds, quantitative phytochemistry and structure activity relationship are scanty and thus, crucial to be addressed for uplifting the scientific value of this revered medicinal plant.

A review on phyto-pharmacology of Oxalis corniculata

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqra Sarfraz ◽  
Azhar Rasul ◽  
Ghulam Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Shah ◽  
Bushra Nageen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Warm Temperate

: Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) is a small decumbent and delicate appearing medicinal herb flourishing in warm temperate and tropical domains such as Pakistan and India. Main bioactive chemical constituents of Oxalis plant include several alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phlobatannins along with steroids. Due to its polyphenolic, glycosides and flavonoid profile, it is proved to be protective in numerous ailments and exhibit various biological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and cardioprotective. Moreover, bioactive phytochemicals from this plant possess significant wound healing potential. Our current effort intends to emphasize on the immense significance of this plant species, which have not been the subject matter of clinical trials and effective pharmacological studies, even though its favored usage has been stated. This review proposes that Oxalis corniculata possess potential for the cure of various diseases, however, further researches on isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds along with pre-clinical trials are compulsory to figure out its pharmacological applications.

scholarly journals Isatis tinctoria L. (Woad): A Review of Its Botany, Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, and Biotechnological Studies

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Speranza ◽  
Natalizia Miceli ◽  
Maria Fernanda Taviano ◽  
Salvatore Ragusa ◽  
Inga Kwiecień ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Isatis Tinctoria ◽  
Enhanced Production

Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae), which is commonly known as woad, is a species with an ancient and well-documented history as an indigo dye and medicinal plant. Currently, I. tinctoria is utilized more often as medicinal remedy and also as a cosmetic ingredient. In 2011, I. tinctoria root was accepted in the official European phytotherapy by introducing its monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia. The biological properties of raw material have been known from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Over recent decades, I. tinctoria has been investigated both from a phytochemical and a biological point of view. The modern in vitro and in vivo scientific studies proved anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, antimicrobial, antiviral, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. The phytochemical composition of I. tinctoria has been thoroughly investigated and the plant was proven to contain many valuable biologically active compounds, including several alkaloids, among which tryptanthrin, indirubin, indolinone, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides as well as glucosinolates, carotenoids, volatile constituents, and fatty acids. This article provides a general botanical and ethnobotanical overview that summarizes the up-to-date knowledge on the phytochemistry and biological properties of this valuable plant in order to support its therapeutic potential. Moreover, the biotechnological studies on I. tinctoria, which mainly focused on hairy root cultures for the enhanced production of flavonoids and alkaloids as well as on the establishment of shoot cultures and micropropagation protocols, were reviewed. They provide input for future research prospects.

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