scholarly journals EFFECT OF TOCOTRIENOL PRETREATMENT ON EX VIVO SUPEROXIDE AND PEROXIDE HANDLING CAPACITIES (SPHC) OF RAT SERUM AND BRAIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Pitchaiah Dasari ◽  
Anandamurali R. ◽  
Prasunpriya Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

Objective: Tocotrienol (TT), a constituent of vitamin E, present only in selected seed oil. Because of the isoprenoid side chain, antioxidant property of tocotrienol is recently highlighted. Application of tocotrienol is also proven to be neuroprotective. The current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of tocotrienol pretreatment on the serum and brain oxidative stress parameters and oxidant handling capacities.Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were treated with tocotrienol (10 mg/day) for two weeks and maintained for the next four weeks. Levels of reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were estimated fortnightly in serum. After sacrifice, oxidative stress parameters were measured in the frontal cortex, temporal cortex, thalamic area, hippocampus and cerebellum. Glutathione-dependent and glutathione-independent superoxide and peroxide handling capacities (SPHC) were calculated for serum and brain regions. Data collected from both the groups are statistically processed with Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney pairwise comparisons.Results: Significant impacts of TT treatment have been observed in terms of growth and water intake. Serum SPHC (Glutathione-independent) has been found to be reduced significantly immediately after the TT treatment. Region-specific alterations in oxidative stress parameters have also been observed after 4 w of supplementation. Global reductions in reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation have been observed in the brain without any alteration in the SPHC.Conclusion: From the results, it can be suggested that the tocotrienol pretreatment possibly be used as neuroprotective measure particularly against oxidative stress. In addition, the antioxidant impacts of TT were found to be maintained for a longer period in brain regions, even though it was not so in the case of serum.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Propolis and Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Oumeddour ◽  
Djahida Zaroure ◽  
Raziqua Haroune ◽  
Rima Zaimeche ◽  
Karima Riane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background: Propolis (PRS) and probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus are natural products used as dietary supplement for their therapeutic benefits. This study was performed to examine the possible hepatoprotective effect of PRS and probiotics (PRCs) against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Methods: Experimentally, intoxicated rats received 0.5 ml/kg CCl4 (i.p.) daily for six days, pretreated rats received per os PRS 100 mg/kg or PRCs 109 CFU for six days followed by a single dose of 0.5 ml/kg CCl4. Control groups received either PRS, PRCs or olive oil for six days. Then, serum biochemistry (total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides and albumin) and oxidative stress parameters were measured. Results: We showed that CCl4 treatment was associated with an increase of the serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol and triglycerides levels. In parallel, serum total protein, albumin and blood sugar levels were significantly decreased. Regarding the oxidative stress parameters, catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were lower, conversely to the lipid peroxidation (MDA). Conclusion: Our results strongly support that administration of PRS and PRCs may significantly protect liver against CCl4-induced toxicity by enhancing antioxidative stress pathway and preventing lipid peroxidation.

Effect of toluene on erythrocyte membrane stability under in vivo and in vitro conditions with assessment of oxidant/antioxidant status

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Karabulut ◽  
Z. Dicle Balkanci ◽  
Bilge Pehlivanoglu ◽  
Aysen Erdem ◽  
Ersin Fadillioglu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

Toluene, an organic solvent used widely in the industry, is highly lipophilic and accumulates in the cell membrane impeding transport through it. Its metabolites cause oxygen radical formation that react with unsaturated fatty acids and proteins in erythrocytes leading to lipid peroxidation and protein breakdown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the membrane stabilizing and the oxidative stress—inducing effects of toluene in human erythrocytes. Measurements of osmotic fragility, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities were performed simultaneously both in individuals exposed to toluene professionally (in vivo) and human erythrocytes treated with toluene (in vitro). To measure osmotic fragility, erythrocytes were placed in NaCl solutions at various concentrations (0.1% [blank], 0.38%, 0.40%, 0.42%, 0.44%, 0.46%, 0.48% and 1% [stock]). Percentage of haemolysis in each solution was calculated with respect to the 100% haemolysis in the blank solution. The erythrocyte packs prepared at the day of the above-mentioned measurements were kept at —80°C until the time for determination of malonyldialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels, and catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase activities as indicators of oxidative stress. Toluene increased oxidative stress parameters significantly both in vivo and in vitro; it also caused a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Osmotic fragility was altered only in the case of in vitro exposure. In conclusion, toluene exposure resulted in increased lipid peroxidation and protein damage both in vivo and in vitro. Although, it is natural to expect increased osmotic fragility due to oxidative properties of toluene, its membrane-stabilizing effect overcame the oxidative properties leading to decreased osmotic fragility or preventing its deterioration in vitro and in vivo toluene exposures, respectively, in the present study.

scholarly journals Ozone-induced changes in oxidative stress parameters in brain regions of adult, middle-age, and senescent Brown Norway rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 115351
Author(s):  
Prasada Rao S. Kodavanti ◽  
Matthew Valdez ◽  
Judy E. Richards ◽  
Datonye I. Agina-Obu ◽  
Pamela M. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Norway Rats ◽  
Stress Parameters

scholarly journals Role of vitamin C against bifenthrin induced oxidative damage in lungs of Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-349
Author(s):  
Muneer Ahmad Dar ◽  
Rajinder Raina ◽  
Arshad Hussain Mir ◽  
Pawan Kumar Verma ◽  
Mahrukh Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stress Parameters

The aim of present study was to unravel the protective role of vitamin C on oxidative stress parameters in lung homogenates of bifenthrin intoxicated rats. Rats were divided into four groups. Group I served as control while group II animals were treated with bifenthrin @ 5.8mg/Kg/day. In group III, vitamin C was orally administered @ 60mg/Kg/day where as group IV received both vitamin C and bifenthrin @ 60mg/Kg/day and 5.8mg/Kg/day respectively. After 30th day of treatment, lung samples were taken and analysed for oxidative stress parameters. Significant (P<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation was observed from control value of 4.80±0.39 to 7.90±0.50 in bifenthrin treated animals. Mean control values of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT were 0.55±0.05, 0.98±0.03 and 138.70±6.01 which were significantly (P<0.05) decreased to values of 0.27±0.0, 0.53±0.05 and 91.10±9.70 respectively in bifenthrin treated animals. The value of GST increased significantly (p<0.05) to 1.05±0.06 in bifenthrin administered animals from control value of 0.70±0.08. Pre-treatment with vitamin C in ameliorative group IV significantly restored the normal values of lipid peroxidation, SOD, GST and CAT but could not reverse the decreased values of GSH-Px. The present research is first of its type where in free radical generation due to bifenthrin –a commonly used insecticide was evaluated in lung homogenates when given orally which might be due to residues present in the lung. Besides it will be helpful in better understanding of toxicological profile of pyrethoids, the most commonly used insecticides.

scholarly journals Ketogal Safety Profile in Human Primary Colonic Epithelial Cells and in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Federica Sodano ◽  
Bice Avallone ◽  
Monica Tizzano ◽  
Chiara Fogliano ◽  
Barbara Rolando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Colonic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

In our previous studies, a ketorolac–galactose conjugate (ketogal) showed prolonged anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, causing less gastric ulcerogenic effect and renal toxicity than its parent drug ketorolac. In order to demonstrate the safer profile of ketogal compared to ketorolac, histopathological changes in the small intestine and liver using three staining techniques before and after repeated oral administration in mice with ketorolac or an equimolecular dose of its galactosylated prodrug ketogal were assessed. Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated and compared in ketorolac- and ketogal-treated Human Primary Colonic Epithelial cells at different concentrations and incubation times. Evidence of mitochondrial oxidative stress was found after ketorolac treatment; this was attributable to altered mitochondrial membrane depolarization and oxidative stress parameters. No mitochondrial damage was observed after ketogal treatment. In ketorolac-treated mice, severe subepithelial vacuolation and erosion with inflammatory infiltrates and edematous area in the intestinal tissues were noted, as well as alterations in sinusoidal spaces and hepatocytes with foamy cytoplasm. In contrast, treatment with ketogal provided a significant improvement in the morphology of both organs. The prodrug clearly demonstrated a safer profile than its parent drug both in vitro and ex vivo, confirming that ketogal is a strategic alternative to ketorolac.

Protective effect of curcumin against lead neurotoxicity in rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K Shukla ◽  
Vinay K Khanna ◽  
Mohd Y Khan ◽  
Rikhab C Srimal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Corpus Striatum ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
The Brain

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an active ingredient of turmeric, is known to have multiple activities, including an antioxidant property, and has been suggested to be of use in treatment of several diseases. The present study has been undertaken to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against lead-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Exposure of rats to lead (50 mg/kg po) for 45 days caused an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in cerebellum, corpus striatum, hippocampus and frontal cortex as compared with controls. Lead levels were significantly increased in these rats. Activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased in all the brain regions following lead exposure. Interestingly, cotreatment with curcumin (100 mg/kg po) and lead (50 mg/kg po) for 45 days caused a significant decrease in LPO with concomitant decrease in lead levels in all the brain regions as compared with those treated with lead alone. A significant increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, SOD and CAT activities was also observed in all the four brain regions in rats simultaneously treated with curcumin and lead. The results suggest that curcumin may prevent lead-induced neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals Resistance or aerobic training decreases blood pressure and improves cardiovascular autonomic control and oxidative stress in hypertensive menopausal rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata K. da Palma ◽  
Ivana C. Moraes-Silva ◽  
Danielle da Silva Dias ◽  
Guilherme L. Shimojo ◽  
Filipe F. Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

We investigated whether resistance training (RT) vs. aerobic training (AT) differentially impacts on arterial pressure and related mechanisms in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Female SHRs were ovariectomized and assigned to one of the following groups: sedentary, AT, or RT; sham sedentary SHR were used as control group. AT was performed on a treadmill, whereas RT was performed on a vertical ladder. Both exercise protocols were performed for 8 wk, 5 days/wk. Arterial pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, autonomic modulation, and cardiac oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, redox balance, NADPH oxidase, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were analyzed. Ovariectomy increased mean arterial pressure (∼9 mmHg), sympathetic modulation (∼40%), and oxidative stress in sedentary rats. Both RT and AT reduced mean arterial pressure (∼20 and ∼8 mmHg, respectively) and improved baroreflex sensitivity compared with sedentary ovariectomized rats. However, RT-induced arterial pressure decrease was significantly less pronounced than AT. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were decreased while antioxidant enzymes were increased in both trained groups vs. sedentaries. The reduced gluthatione was higher after AT vs. other groups, whereas oxidized gluthatione was lower after RT vs. AT. Moreover, sympathetic and parasympathetic modulations were highly correlated with cardiac oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, both RT and AT can decrease arterial pressure in a model of hypertension and menopause; although, at different magnitudes this decrease was related to attenuated autonomic dysfunction in association with cardiac oxidative stress improvement in both exercise protocols.

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