scholarly journals CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION AND MUSCLE FITNESS DURING THE OFF-SEASON PERIOD IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Marko Jezdimirović ◽  
Anđela Đošić ◽  
Stefan Đorđević ◽  
Tomislav Okičić
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Testing Session ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Muscle Fitness

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week off-season period on body composition and muscle fitness in young soccer players. A total of 48 young soccer players, randomly selected for the experimental group-EG (n=24; Age: 16.83±1.14 years; Height: 175.35±6.68 cm) and control group-CG (n=24; Age: 16.80±1.19 years; Height: 178.18±6.97 cm) took part in this research. The variables of body composition (body mass, body fat mass and BMI) and muscle fitness (CMJ, CMJAS, 20m sprint, slalom test and slalom test with ball) were measured. The first testing session (TS1) took place immediately after the end of the competition period. The second testing session (TS2) was after 2 weeks and the third testing session (TS3) was after 6 weeks from the beginning of the preparation period. Statistically significant differences were found after TS2 and TS3 in all the variables (p<0.05) except in the variables of agility (slalom test and slalom test with a ball) in CG. A significant difference in the experimental group after TS2 was found in the 20m sprint (p<0.05) and after TS3 in body mass (p<0.05), body fat mass (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.05) and the 20m sprint (p<0.05). An effect size analysis showed significant increases after TS2 between EG and CG in the variable body fat mass (ES=-0.73, moderate) and significant decreases in the variable CMJAS (ES=0.60, moderate). Significant increases after TS3 between EG and CG were found in the variable body fat mass (ES=-0.93, moderate) and significant decreases in both the variable of jumping performance CMJ (ES=0.81, moderate) and CMJAS (ES=0.91, moderate).

scholarly journals Effect of a Precompetition and Postcompetition Training Regime on Body Composition of Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (56) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Gailiūnienė ◽  
Viačislavas Novikovas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Free Body

The purpose of this investigation was to document the body composition elements’ changes, preparing an initialprecompetition and postcompetition training programme of soccer players. Body composition measurements weretaken 10 weeks prior to competition, at 2 hours before competition and 4 weeks after competition period (week 14).There were investigated: body height (BH), body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), fat freebody mass (FFBM), fat free body mass index (FFBMI), body water mass (BWM), water free body mass (WFBM), waterfree body mass index (WFBMI). Body mass, the percent age of BFM and BWM at all body mass was calculated usingthe whole body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with “Tanita” monitor (Japan).Body mass and body composition values of soccer players varied at precompetition, competition and postcompetitionperiods. The decreased body mass at competition period by 8.16% is the result of lost body fat mass and body watermass. Fat free body mass index (FFBMI) and water free body mass index (WFBMI) indicate, that soccer players atprecompetition and competition period did not use lean tissue, that positively related to the restoration of bodycomposition and water balance at postcompetition period.Keywords: body composition, body mass, body fat mass, body water mass.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise-induced changes in body composition and blood lipids in young women

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvydas Stasiulis ◽  
Asta Mockienė ◽  
Daiva Vizbaraitė ◽  
Pranas Mockus
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Cycling Training

The objective of the study was to assess changes in body composition, blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 18–24-year-old women during the period of two-month aerobic cycling training. Material and methods. Young, healthy, nonsmoking women (n=19) volunteered to participate in this study. They were divided in two groups: experimental (E, n=10) and control (C, n=9). The subjects of group E exercised 3 times a week with intensity of the first ventilatory threshold and duration of 60 min. The group C did not exercise regularly over a two-month period of the experiment. The subjects of group E were tested before and after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of the experiment. The participants of group C were tested twice with an eight-week interval. Results. Body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, and triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch) concentration increased after the 8-week training program in the experimental group (P<0.05). Blood total cholesterol (Tch) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch) concentrations did not change significantly. Body weight and body mass index started to decrease after 2 weeks of the experiment, but significant changes were observed only after 6 and 8 weeks. Body fat mass was significantly decreased after 2 and 8 weeks of aerobic training. A significant increase in HDL-ch concentration was observed after 4, 6, and 8 weeks. A significant decrease in TAG concentration was observed after 2-week training. No significant changes in all the parameters except TAG (it was slightly increased) were seen in the control group. Conclusions. The two-month aerobic cycling training (within VT1, 60-min duration, three times a week) may induce significant changes in the parameters of body composition – body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, and blood lipids – in young women. The following significant changes were observed: TAG level decreased after 2 weeks, body mass and body mass index decreased after 6 weeks, body fat mass decreased and HDL-ch level increased after 8 weeks. Peak oxygen uptake increased after 4 weeks.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Physical Fitness and Body Composition of 5—7 Year-Old Children of Several Kaunas Preschools and Interaction between those Indexes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (73) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrija Čapkauskienė ◽  
Kristina Visagurskienė ◽  
Rima Bakienė ◽  
Irena Vitkienė ◽  
Daiva Vizbaraitė
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
General Physical

Childhood obesity is a key public health issue around the globe in developed and developing countries (Dugan, 2008). The recent worldwide increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity may be due in part to a decrease in children’s physical activity levels (Ball et al., 2001). It is necessary to develop early interventions to improve physical fitness in children and to prevent the increase of childhood obesity (Brunet et al., 2006). So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition and physical fitness of children aged 5—7 years and to estimate the interaction between body composition components and physical fitness tests. Participants: 216 children participated in this study: 104 girls, mean age 5.90 ± 0.63 years and 112 boys — mean age 5.98 ± 0.50 years from Kaunas city (Lithuania) preschools. Methods: all the subjects have been measured for their height, body mass, waist circumference (WC) and skinfolds at 2 different places — triceps and subscapular. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat mass (BFM) were evaluated. All the participants did four physical fitness tests including speed shuttle run, 20 meters distance run, standing long jump and throwing 1 kg ball. General physical fitness level was evaluated based on B. Sekita (1988) methods. Results. Results showed that BMI did not significantly differ between boys and girls, and was evaluated as “optimal” for both groups. BFM was significantly higher in girls (p < 0.001), and WC did not differ between genders. But WC had a tendency to increase with age in both boys and girls. Strong relationship was observed between BMI and BFM (r = 0.660, r = 0.660 respectively; p < 0.01), and between BMI and WC (r = 0.703, r = 0.826 respectively; p < 0.01) for both boys and girls. The results of physical tests showed that boys did all the tests better than girls (p < 0.01). When we evaluated the general physical fitness of each child, the results indicated that their physical fitness waslow, evaluated as “good enough” for most boys and girls. General physical fitness of children negatively but slightly correlated with BFM (r = –0.201; p < 0.001), it indicated that higher BFM determined lower evaluation of general physical fitness.Conclusions. Optimal body weight, according to body mass index, percentage body fat mass and waist circumference, was established for the bigger part of children, aged 5—7 years old. This study shows that physical fitness of children was low — evaluated as “good enough” and negatively correlated with body fat mass, showing that high body fat mass negatively impacted physical fitness.Key words: body mass index, percentage body fat mass, waist circumference, physical fitness.

scholarly journals Body composition analysis in female ballet dancers

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Mihajlovic ◽  
Sasa Mijatov ◽  
Biljana Srdic ◽  
Edita Stokic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Ballet Dancers

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the nutritional status and body composition in female ballet dancers and a group of non-athletic female controls. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 30 female ballet dancers, aged 17.4?2.01, whereas the control group included 30 non-athletic female examinees, aged 18.00 years on average. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated in all subjects. Body composition was estimated using the bioelectrical impedance method. Results Body composition analysis of ballet dancers revealed significantly lower values of body fat mass compared to the control group (18.85?4.50% vs. 23.41?4.34). Most examinees in both groups were of normal weight. 50% of ballet dancers and 23.33% of examinees in the control group were underweight, while overweight subjects were registered only in the control group. Most underweight ballet dancers had lower body fat mass, whereas majority of underweight examinees in the control group presented with normal body fat mass. Normal-weight obesity was established in 40.91% candidates in the control and 6.67% in the study group. Conclusion Ballet dancers had significantly lower values of body mass and BMI, compared to the study group. In order to prevent very serious complications caused by changes in size and proportion of some body compartments, it is necessary to carry out assessment of body composition more often in high-risk groups, such as the study group of ballet dancers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of spirometric parameters and maximum oxygen consumption in athletes and non-athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rakovac ◽  
Lana Andric ◽  
Vedrana Karan ◽  
Maja Bogdan ◽  
Danijel Slavic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Low Degree

Introduction. There is a great interest to identify factors that influence the value of maximum oxygen consumption. The goal of this research was to assess the body composition, pulmonary parameters, and maximum oxygen consumption in different types of sports and in non-athletes. Material and Methods. The research included 149 male participants: aerobic athletes (n = 55), anaerobic athletes (n = 53) and non-athletes (n = 41). The participants were tested at the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Novi Sad. Anthropometric parameters and body mass index were measured. Also, the body fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance. pulmonary parameters by spirometry and maximum oxygen consumption on a bicycle ergometer. Results. The body mass index values in non-athletes were the highest and significantly different compared to the aerobic athletes (p = 0.01). Also, non-athletes had significantly higher values of body fat mass compared to athletes (p < 0.001). The pulmonary parameters were not significantly different between the tested groups (p > 0.05). However. the values of maximum oxygen consumption were significantly different between all three tested groups (aerobic athletes 53.75 ? 7.82 ml/kg/min; anaerobic athletes 48.04 ? 6.79 ml/kg/min; non-athletes 41.95 ? 8.53 ml/kg/min) (p < 0.001). A low degree of correlation was found between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups. Conclusion. Body composition has an impact on the pulmonary parameters. The values of maximum oxygen consumption depend on the type of sport and training. and the highest values are in aerobic sports. There is a low degree of correlation between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PROGRAMMED FITNESS EXERCISE ON BODY COMPOSITION AMONG PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 047
Author(s):  
Predrag Bićanin ◽  
Saša Milenković ◽  
Dragan Radovanović ◽  
Aco Gajević ◽  
Jelena Ivanović
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Fitness Clubs ◽  
Experimental Group

This research included a sample of 79 pre-school boys aged 6 and 7 with 40 of them in the experimental group and 39 in the control group. Their current state of body composition was studied, as well as their relations after a 6-month fitness treatment that the experimental group of participants was involved in, in order to analyze its effects. The experimental group had two classes per week, in addition to regular programmed activities as part of the children’s sport school (three times per week), and as part of 48 of additional, six-month training lessons of exercising in sport (fitness) clubs. The following variables have been used to evaluate body composition with the application of bio-electric impedance In Body 230 such as: muscle mass, percentage of muscle mass, body fat mass, percentage of body fat mass, fat free mass, percentage of fat free mass. Although small to moderate effects were obtained by the double mixed ANOVA, the results show the experimental group’s achievements as significantly higher than those of the control group. Furthermore, with individual eta coefficient findings in comparison with each group measurements, it is clear that the value of the obtained effects is different between groups to the benefit of the experimental group. Permanent implementation of the proposed programme could contribute to an improvement on the studied body composition variables which can result in the better health status of children in future.    

scholarly journals Prospective associations of maternal choline status with offspring body composition in the first 5 years of life in two large mother–offspring cohorts: the Southampton Women’s Survey cohort and the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linde van Lee ◽  
Sarah R Crozier ◽  
Izzuddin M Aris ◽  
Mya T Tint ◽  
Suresh Anand Sadananthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

Abstract Background Choline status has been positively associated with weight and fat mass in animal and human studies. As evidence examining maternal circulating choline concentrations and offspring body composition in human infants/children is lacking, we investigated this in two cohorts. Methods Maternal choline concentrations were measured in the UK Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS; serum, n = 985, 11 weeks’ gestation) and Singapore Growing Up Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO); n = 955, 26–28 weeks’ gestation) mother–offspring cohorts. Offspring anthropometry was measured at birth and up to age 5 years. Body fat mass was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at birth and age 4 years for SWS; and using air-displacement plethysmography at birth and age 5 years for GUSTO. Linear-regression analyses were performed, adjusting for confounders. Results In SWS, higher maternal choline concentrations were associated with higher neonatal total body fat mass {β = 0.60 standard deviation [SD]/5 µmol/L maternal choline [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–1.16]} and higher subscapular skinfold thickness [β = 0.55 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.12–1.00)] at birth. In GUSTO, higher maternal choline concentrations were associated with higher neonatal body mass index-for-age z-score [β = 0.31 SD/5 µmol/L (0.10–0.51)] and higher triceps [β = 0.38 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.11–0.65)] and subscapular skinfold thicknesses [β = 0.26 mm/5 µmol/L (95% CI, 0.01–0.50)] at birth. No consistent trends were observed between maternal choline and offspring gain in body mass index, skinfold thicknesses, abdominal circumference, weight, length/height and adiposity measures in later infancy and early childhood. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that maternal circulating choline concentrations during pregnancy are positively associated with offspring BMI, skinfold thicknesses and adiposity at birth, but not with growth and adiposity through infancy and early childhood to the age of 5 years.

scholarly journals A Study on Effect of Sleep Patterns on Body Fat Mass of School Going Children (8-10- Years Old) in Mumbai City

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nehal Satra ◽  
Rupali Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Composition Analyzer ◽  
Mumbai City

Aims: To study the effect of sleep patterns on body fat mass of school going children (8-10-year-old) in Mumbai city. Study Design: Body fat mass was analyzed using Inbody 120 body composition analyzer. Total 388 subjects were selected for the study. Place and Duration of Study: The period required to carry out study was from November 2018 to March 2019. 388 subjects (male and female) participated from public to private schools in Mumbai city for the study. Methodology: Total 388 subjects (male and female) participated from 5 schools ranging from public to private school were selected from Mumbai city, (Maharashtra, India). Inbody 120 body composition analyzer was used to assess body fat for the subjects. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: A positive correlation was observed between wakeup timings and body fat mass at p≤0.05 (0.00). However, the habit of snoring showed highly significant difference at p≤0.05 for body fat mass (0.00) and fat free mass (0.00). Conclusion: It was concluded that sleep patterns had a significant impact on body fat mass. Therefore, the sleep timings and wakeup timings need to be observed for the children in their growing age as it may have deep impact on child’s body type.

Wheel running affects seasonal acclimatization of physiological and morphological traits in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (3) ◽  
pp. R1368-R1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Scherbarth ◽  
Jan Rozman ◽  
Martin Klingenspor ◽  
Georg Brabant ◽  
Stephan Steinlechner
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Phodopus Sungorus ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Seasonal Acclimatization ◽  
Exercise Induced

Wheel running was previously shown to influence body mass and torpor in short-day-acclimatized Djungarian hamsters ( Phodopus sungorus). To determine whether the exercise-induced effect on body mass depends on the annual phase, hamsters were exposed to the natural change in photoperiod and given access to a running wheel (RW), either before, in the middle of, or at the end of the descending body mass trajectory during seasonal acclimatization. Due to wheel running, the seasonal weight cycle was prevented or aborted by abruptly rising body mass, resulting in a weight appropriate for summer, despite exposure to short days. Torpor was inhibited, and testicular recrudescence was advanced, compared with controls. In contrast, the change into winter fur remained unaltered. Analysis of body composition and plasma leptin revealed a low body fat mass in RW hamsters, not only in winter but also in summer, suggesting a lack of seasonal adiposity. Chronic leptin infusion in winter only decreased body mass in RW individuals, although their relative body fat mass probably was even lower than in sedentary hamsters. A constantly low body fat mass is conceivably reflecting an exercise-dependent change in metabolism, consistent with increased bone mineral content and density in RW hamsters. Additionally, bone area was increased, again supported by elongated vertebral columns. Together, the results show a striking effect of wheel running on body composition and the seasonal pattern of body mass, and they suggest that the photoperiodic regulation of body mass is regulated differently than the reproductive and pelage responses.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Elite Soccer Players from Youth to Senior Squad

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4982
Author(s):  
Marijan Spehnjak ◽  
Marko Gušić ◽  
Slavko Molnar ◽  
Mario Baić ◽  
Slobodan Andrašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat

There is a strong relationship between body composition and performance in male soccer players. This study aimed to display an optimal body height and weight, and body composition profile of male soccer players for four competitive age groups. This cross-sectional study included four groups: U-15 (n = 152), U-17 (n = 154), U-19 (n = 61), and seniors (n = 27). Body height and weight were measured under standard conditions, and the bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) analyzed body composition. On average, soccer players in the U-15 group had significantly lower body height, weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass, total body water and basal metabolic rate than U-17, U-19 and seniors, but a higher percentage of body fat than U-17 and U-19, p < 0.05. In addition, the results show significant non-linear increases in body height, weight and body composition as the age of soccer players increases, with the exception of the percentage of body fat mass, which tends to significantly decrease with age. The main findings of this study are that body fat mass remains stable and similar across all age groups, including in the senior squad.

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