Exploring the prospect of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana as sustainable solid biofuel feedstock

Among the renewable biomass fuel alternatives, microalgae are the most important future choices owing to its fast growth rate and great capability for CO2 fixation. There are various species in the world, in which each species has its characteristics. This work presents a prospect of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana for renewable fuel feedstock regarding its biomass abundance, physicochemical properties, and thermal characteristic. The seawater medium in the Erlenmeyer flask was used for the algal culturing. The biomass abundance, in term of specific growth rate and doubling time, was assessed by calculating the culture medium cells number with a hemocytometer and optical microscope. Harvesting was done by precipitating biomass with caustic soda, subsequently filtering, and washing it with distilled water. The biomass sediment had been sun-dried for three days, and then dried biomass was crushed by using the mortar to be a powder. The proximate analysis was arranged by conducting an experiment in according to the test method of ASTM D 3173-11, ASTM D 3175-11, ASTM D 3172-13 and ASTM D 3174-12 for specifying the content of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash of the sample, respectively. The heating value was estimated by using adiabatic bomb calorimeter. The chemical composition of biomass was determined by Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry. The biomass cellular macromolecular compounds were also evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and compared with its residue. Through eight days observation, it was noticeable that Isochrysis galbana has a specific growth rate of 0.18 d-1 and a doubling time of 3.85 d. The respective moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content were 12.98, 40.10, 7.47, and 39.45 (%, air-dried basis). The energy content algal biomass was 16.22 MJ kg-1. This current investigation encourages that Isochrysis galbana can be viable as one of a future sustainable solid biofuel feedstock.

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Exploring the prospect of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana as sustainable solid biofuel feedstock

Journal of Applied Research and Technology ◽

10.22201/icat.16656423.2018.16.1.703 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sukarni Sukarni ◽

Sumarli Sumarli ◽

Imam Muda Nauri ◽

Purnami Purnami ◽

Akhmad Al Mufid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Isochrysis Galbana ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Marine Microalgae ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Biofuel Feedstock ◽

Solid Biofuel

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Growth Kinetic of Fresh and Frezee-Dried Pleurotus sajor-caju (Oyster Mushroom) Mycelium for Preservation Study

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.196 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 594-595 ◽

pp. 196-202

Author(s):

Zarina Zakaria ◽

Shi Fern Chong ◽

Amirul Rasyid Zahari ◽

Nurul Aina Fauzi ◽

Sharul Aida Mohd Shayuti

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Maximum Specific Growth Rate ◽

Oyster Mushroom ◽

Solid Media ◽

Effective Media ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Media Condition

An investigation was conducted to determine an effective media condition for the growth of fresh and freeze-dried oyster mushroom mycelium. Fresh and freeze-dried mycelium sub-culture on liquid media obtained 0.3022 and 0.5081 maximum specific growth rate respectively. The doubling time for fresh and freeze-dried mycelium was calculated 2.2937 and 1.3642 correspondingly. On solid media, maximum specific growth rate for fresh and freeze-dried mycelium was obtained lower at 0.1636 and 0.3719 respectively. The doubling time for fresh and freeze-dried however, was calculated higher at 4.2368 and 1.8683 correspondingly. Freeze dried mycelium showed good recovery tendency after preservation at low temperature.

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Pengaruh Komposisi Air Limbah Industri Kertas sebagai Media Pertumbuhan dan Fotoperiode Terhadap Kultur Spirulina platensis

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v9i01.268 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (01) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Meisa Legi Rizkiana ◽

Saepulloh Saepulloh ◽

Prima Besty Asthary ◽

Rahmaniar Mulyani

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Spirulina Platensis ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Biomass Concentration ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Wet Scrubber

Industri kertas menghasilkan air limbah dari kegiatan produksi dan proses flue gas desulphurization (air limbah wet scrubber). Senyawa nutrisi (senyawa karbon, nitrogen, dan fosfat) yang masih terdapat dalam air limbah terolah dan air limbah wet scrubber belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan berpotensi sebagai media pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis. Penelitian dengan variasi komposisi air limbah dan fotoperiode (24 jam terang dan 12 jam terang/12 jam gelap) telah dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium selama 9 hari. Pengukuran pH media, pertumbuhan S. platensis (konsentrasi biomassa, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan waktu penggandaan), dan kandungan fikosianin dilakukan setiap hari untuk melihat pengaruh komposisi media dan perlakuan fotoperiode terhadap pertumbuhan S. platensis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa S. platensis dapat tumbuh dengan baik pada semua komposisi air limbah terolah dan air limbah wet scrubber yang diujicobakan. Konsentrasi biomassa tertinggi sebesar 831 mg/L dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi sebesar 0,52 hari-1 dengan waktu penggandaan 0,4 hari diperoleh dari perlakuan fotoperiode 24 jam terang. Komposisi air limbah terolah dan air limbah wet scrubber tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap konsentrasi biomassa, tetapi perbedaan fotoperiode sangat berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi biomassa sehingga dalam aplikasi skala lapangan perlu mempertimbangkan sistem pencahayaan untuk pertumbuhan S. platensis yang optimal.Kata kunci: Spirulina platensis, media pertumbuhan, fotoperiode, air limbah terolah, air limbah wet scrubberThe Effect of Composition of Paper Industry Wastewater as A Growth Medium and Photoperiod on The Culture of Spirulina platensisAbstractThe paper industry produces wastewater from its production activities and the flue gas desulphurization process (wet scrubber wastewater). Nutritional compounds (carbon, nitrogen and phosphate compounds) which are still in treated wastewater and wet scrubber wastewater have not been utilized optimally and have potential as growth media of Spirulina platensis. Research on wastewater compositions and photoperiod variations (24 hours light and 12 hours light/12 hours dark) was carried out on a laboratory scale for 9 days. Measurements of medium pH, growth of S. platensis (biomass concentration, specific growth rate, and doubling time), and phycocyanin content were carried out every day to study the effect of wastewater composition and photoperiod treatment on the growth of S. platensis. The results showed that S. platensis can grow well on all compositions of treated wastewater and wet scrubber wastewater. The highest biomass concentration of 831 mg/L and the highest specific growth rate of 0.52 days-1 with a doubling time of 0,4 days is obtained from 24-hour light photoperiod treatment. The composition of treated wastewater and wet scrubber wastewater has no significant effect on the biomass concentration but the photoperiod differences greatly influence the biomass concentration so that in the field scale application it is necessary to consider the lighting system for optimal S. platensis growth. Keywords: Spirulina platensis, growth medium, photoperiod, treated wastewater, wet scrubber wastewater

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Describing Prostate Cancer Dynamics: Second Look at PSA- Doubling Time and PSA-Specific Growth Rate

Advances in Prostate Cancer ◽

10.5772/53179 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Glenn Tisman

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Second Look ◽

Psa Doubling Time ◽

Cancer Dynamics

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Growth Kinetic Study on Lyophilized and Cryopreserved Pleurotus sajor-caju Spawn

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.1076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 754-755 ◽

pp. 1076-1080

Author(s):

Sharul Aida Mohd Shayuti ◽

Shi Fern Chong ◽

Zarina Zakaria ◽

Dachyar Arbain ◽

Noorulnajwa Diyana Yaacob

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Maximum Growth Rate ◽

Maximum Specific Growth Rate ◽

High Survival ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Preservation Technique

A study was conducted to determine the most optimal preservation technique for P. sajor-caju spawns which produce maximum specific growth rate and shortest doubling time by using contois kinetic model. The analyzed experimental data showed that lyophilized P. sajor-caju spawn showed the highest maximum specific growth rate, and shortest doubling time compared to cryopreserved P. sajor-caju spawn and 4oC stored P. spawn. There was no significant difference in aspect of growth rate between the lyophilization and cryopreservation techniques which were; 0.148 (μmax)/ (g/day) and 0.147(μmax)/ (g/day) respectively. Based on the result, lyophilization technique was considered as the best preservation technique for preserving P. sajor-caju spawn due to high maximum growth rate which indicates high survival after exposure to preservation treatment.

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BAKTERI M2 PENGHASIL PHB (Polyhydroxybutirate) YANG DIISOLASI DARI PULAU LAKI, KEPULAUAN SERIBU

Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jtl.v11i2.1205 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 213

Author(s):

Dyah Supryati

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Important Material ◽

Aerobic Process ◽

Phb Production ◽

Electron Sink

Polyhydroxybutirate Producing Bacteria M2 Isolated From Pulau Laki, KepulauanSeribu. PHB is one of very important material for production of biodegradable plastic,and physiologically it is important electron sink in anaerobic-aerobic process. PHB accumulating bacteria M2 was isolated from mangrove of Pulau Laki, Kepulauan Seribu.The bacteria were able to produce PHB from glucose, acetate, and sucrose .Strain M2 was produced PHB (79.9% of biomass) by using acetate as sole carbon sources. The strain was also able to grow at 3 % to 5 % with a doubling time of 10.9 and 21.04 hours and specific growth rate (0.0633 h-1 and 0.0328 h-1). The ability of Strain M2 to produce PHB and its salinity tolerance implying that this strain is not only importance for PHB production but also ecologically importance microbe.Key word: PHB accumulating bacteria, marine, salinity tolerance

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THE EFFECT OF POTATO LECTIN ONTO DIAZOTROF GROWTH ACTIVITY

Agriciltural microbiology ◽

10.35868/1997-3004.6.123-131 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 123-131

Author(s):

T.A. Zherebor ◽

S.F. Kozar ◽

T.O. Usmanova

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Population Density ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Nutrient Medium ◽

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Growth Activity ◽

Potato Lectin

It are presented the results of the research of рotato lectin effect onto the growth activity of bacteria Azotobacter and Azospirillum genera. Dependence of growth of microorganisms on its content in the nutrient medium containing of it at the level of 0,2–20 mсg/ml was studied. It have been established the optimal рotato lectin concentration for Аzotobacter vinelandii and Аzotobacter chroococcum M-70/2 (1,0 mсg/ml) and Azospirillum brasilense 410 (1,5 mcg/ml), when the bacteria population density, specific growth rate are increased, biomass doubling time is decreased.

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Specific Growth Rate versus Doubling Time for Quantitative Characterization of Tumor Growth Rate

Cancer Research ◽

10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3822 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 3970-3975 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

Esmaeil Mehrara ◽

Eva Forssell-Aronsson ◽

Håkan Ahlman ◽

Peter Bernhardt

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Quantitative Characterization ◽

Rate Versus

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Growth performance and nutrition value of Spirulina sp. under different photoperiod

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.9.146-156 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tatag Budiardi ◽

Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo ◽

Asep Santosa

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Population Density ◽

Specific Growth Rate ◽

Doubling Time ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Nutrition Value ◽

Photoperiod Manipulation

This study was conducted to analyze the production of freshwater Spirulina sp. cultured with photoperiod manipulation treatment. In this study, photoperiod manipulation treatment performed on cultured spirulina using fiber tanks (100 L). Spirulina was grown with different photoperiod (bright/T and dark/G) that are six hours per day (6T-18G), 12 hours per day (12T-12G), 18 hours per day (18T-6G), and 24 hours per day (24L-0G). The parameters were observed include dry biomass, population density (N), specific growth rate (SGR), doubling time (G), proximate analysis, and water quality. The results of this study showed that the optimum population density was achieved on day-3 days of cultured, and manipulation photoperiod showed no significant effect to the dry biomass harvest and population density, but significantly affect the specific growth rate and doubling time. Treatment of lighting 12, 18 and 24 hours per day to produce the maximum specific growth rate (0,345 to 0,366 per day) and a maximum doubling time (1,89 to 2,01 days) were not significantly different, whereas the old treatment six hours per day lighting showed the lowest maximum growth rate (0,323 per day) and highest doubling time (2,15 days). At treatment of lighting 12 hours per day, relatively higher protein content (39,73%) than others. In conclusion, the lighting 12 hours per day resulted in optimum production efficiency than other treatments. Keywords: Spirulina sp., photoperiod, density, biomass, growth, nutrition value. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis produksi spirulina Spirulina sp. air tawar yang dikultur dengan manipulasi fotoperiode. Dalam penelitian ini, spirulina dikultur dalam wadah fiber 100 L dengan perlakuan fotoperiode (terang/T dan gelap/G) berbeda, yaitu enam jam per hari (6T-18G), 12 jam per hari (12T-12G), 18 jam per hari (18T-6G), dan 24 jam per hari (24T-0G). Parameter yang diamati meliputi biomassa kering, kepadatan populasi (N), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), waktu penggandaan (G), dan analisis proksimat sprirulina, serta kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi optimum dicapai pada hari ke-3 umur kultur dan manipulasi fotoperiode tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil biomassa kering dan kepadatan populasi, namun secara nyata mempengaruhi laju pertumbuhan dan waktu penggandaan. Perlakuan pencahayaan 12, 18 dan 24 jam per hari menghasilkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum (0,345 sampai dengan 0,366 per hari) dan waktu penggandaan maksimum (1,89 sampai dengan 2,01 hari) yang tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan perlakuan pencahayaan enam jam per hari menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan maksimum terendah (0.323 per hari) dan waktu penggandaan tertinggi (2,15 hari). Pada perlakuan pencahayaan 12 jam per hari, kandungan protein relatif lebih tinggi (39,73%) dari yang lain. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa pencahayaan 12 jam per hari menghasilkan efisiensi produksi yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan lainnya. Key word: Spirulina sp., fotoperiode, kepadatan, biomassa, pertumbuhan, kandungan nutrisi.

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