scholarly journals Categories Wise Analysis of Risk Assessment in Highway Projects using R.P.V. Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3438-3450
Author(s):  
Parth Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Highway Construction ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Research Risks ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
The Government ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Cost

To minimize the adverse effects of highway construction hazards, it becomes imperative to evaluate the risk before planning and manage the risks. From design and planning until the project is completed, risks factors are present everywhere. To improve the effectiveness of a highway construction project, it becomes necessary to reduce the risk factor to a defined assessment for timely, safe, and economical completion. Identifying, classifying, and assessing different hazards in the design of highway a project is the focus of this research. Risks from legal proceedings, such as contract disputes, disputes between the government and other parties, land acquisition, and so on, are assessed, and cases are reported. After that, a site survey will be conducted among professionals to evaluate the likelihood of an event and the risk of impact. Extreme, High, Medium, Low, and Minimum are the five risk classes that must be assigned to risk. Risk factors are also rated according to their severity. In order to reduce the cost of the project, the maximum probability of the event and the maximum impact risk must be minimized. The most significant risk is as follows: Money/Funds, Heritage issues, Concerns around mineral mining, Utilities were not moved in a timely manner, Skilled Labour, Cost of land acquisition is uncertain, Schedule for land acquisition.

scholarly journals Delay Factor Analysis for Indian HAM Highway Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Avinash Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Delay Analysis ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Construction Period ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
Acquisition Delay ◽  
Delay Factor

Abstract: Government has approved the hybrid annuity model (HAM) for building National Highways (NH) to speed up the construction of roads in the country by renewing interest of private developers in highway projects. 40% the Project Cost is to be provided by the Government as Construction Support during the construction period and the balance 60% as annuity payments over the operations period along with interest thereon to the concessionaire. Execution of hybrid annuity model (HAM) projects, which is the preferred mode of awarding by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), is largely on schedule with about 60% of projects, covering 3,200 km of roads, completed on time. The rest of the projects, however, are delayed largely due to various reasons. In order to identify and analysis of delay causes in highway projects of HAM model, this study provides a questionnaire survey-based study. Land acquisition delay is found as the most severe delay cause of highway projects of HAM model. Waste of time in controlling the traffic is found as the least severe delay cause of highway projects of HAM model. The study is supposed as useful to HAM construction managers for delay analysis of highway projects. Keywords: Hybrid annuity model, Highway projects, Delay analysis, Questionnaire survey.

The Effect of “Federal -Aid Swap” Programs and Davis-Bacon Prevailing Wages on Highway Construction Costs and Contractor Composition: Evidence From Iowa

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160449X2110494
Author(s):  
Frank P. Manzo
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Highway Construction ◽  
Federal Aid ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Project Location ◽  
The Cost

“Federal-aid swap” programs allow states and local governments to bypass federal Davis-Bacon prevailing wages and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) goals by exchanging federal funds that have been allocated to highway projects with state funds. The Iowa Department of Transportation approved a federal-aid swap program in February 2018. Using data on more than 1,200 highway construction projects in Iowa from 2016 to 2020, I find that the cost of projects in the federal-aid swap program are not statistically different from those that were not swapped, after accounting for project size and complexity, project type, and project location. Regression results indicate that Davis-Bacon prevailing wages and DBE goals have no effect on total construction costs. However, the federal-aid swap program is statistically associated with a decrease in the likelihoods that a project is covered by the Davis-Bacon Act by 10 percentage points and DBE goals by 4 percentage points. Because the payment of Davis-Bacon prevailing wages is statistically associated with an 8 percentage-point decrease in the chances that a highway project is awarded to an out-of-state contractor, the federal-aid swap program may have increased the market share of out-of-state contractors at the expense of Iowa-based contractors.

Towards a Market for Land in India

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-249
Author(s):  
Subhomoy Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
National Market ◽  
Fair Compensation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Preferential Access

Years after the Government of India (GOI) has notified the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 there is still uncertainty on how land should be acquired. India still has no national market for land. The absence of such a market makes it difficult to set an efficient and transparent price for land. Its absence makes those who have the smallest parcels of it more vulnerable as the cost of inefficiency are borne by them disproportionately reducing the welfare outcomes for the economy. Also government agencies hold the largest block of land in the country, not as a sovereign entity but as a business entity. These abundant holdings create incentive for interested parties to game the system to get preferential access to those land parcels, instead of buying the same at a discovered price from the market. Thus, the policy of non-market-based allocation of land breeds corruption.

Uganda will face lengthy battle over land acquisition

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Financial Losses

Significance The motion passed only after violent scenes in parliament, as opposition legislators were forcibly ejected from the chamber. The bill should now be introduced within a month, with fierce opposition likely ahead of any vote. The furore may prompt the government to re-evaluate its strategy regarding the other major constitutional amendment it has tabled on compulsory land acquisition. The government argues this amendment is necessary to avoid delays and financial losses related to acquisition of land for infrastructure and investment projects, but opponents fear it will undermine Ugandans’ land rights and facilitate land-grabbing by government insiders. Impacts Constitutional reform controversies will erode NRM support in the 2021 elections. Relations with the Buganda Kingdom may deteriorate once more. Faster movement on infrastructure projects will come at the cost of potentially violent confrontations over land.

Exploration-Stage Implementation Variation

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Romney ◽  
Nathaniel Israel ◽  
Danijela Zlatevski
Keyword(s):  
Parent Training ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Parent Training Program ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Cost

The present study examines the effect of agency-level implementation variation on the cost-effectiveness of an evidence-based parent training program (Positive Parenting Program: “Triple P”). Staff from six community-based agencies participated in a five-day training to prepare them to deliver a 12-week Triple P parent training group to caregivers. Prior to the training, administrators and staff from four of the agencies completed a site readiness process intended to prepare them for the implementation demands of successfully delivering the group, while the other two agencies did not complete the process. Following the delivery of each agency’s first Triple P group, the graduation rate and average cost per class graduate were calculated. The average cost-per-graduate was over seven times higher for the two agencies that had not completed the readiness process than for the four completing agencies ($7,811 vs. $1,052). The contrast in costs was due to high participant attrition in the Triple P groups delivered by the two agencies that did not complete the readiness process. The odds of Triple P participants graduating were 12.2 times greater for those in groups run by sites that had completed the readiness process. This differential attrition was not accounted for by between-group differences in participant characteristics at pretest. While the natural design of this study limits the ability to empirically test all alternative explanations, these findings indicate a striking cost savings for sites completing the readiness process and support the thoughtful application of readiness procedures in the early stages of an implementation initiative.

Normative Juridical Review Comparison of Land Acquisition Regulations for Railway Infrastructure between Indonesia and Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhina Setyo Oktaria ◽  
Agustinus Prasetyo Edi Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The People ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Land acquisition for public purposes, including for the construction of railroad infrastructure, is a matter that is proposed by all countries in the world. The Indonesian government or the Malaysian royal government needs land for railroad infrastructure development. To realize this, a regulation was made that became the legal umbrella for the government or royal government. The people must agree to regulations that require it. Land acquisition for public use in Malaysia can be completed quickly in Indonesia. The influencing factor is the different perceptions of the understanding of what are in the public interest, history and legal systems of the two countries as well as the people's reaction from the two countries

The cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs and regular insulin for diabetes control: a case study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
Mohsen pakdaman ◽  
Raheleh akbari ◽  
Hamid reza Dehghan ◽  
Asra Asgharzadeh ◽  
Mahdieh Namayandeh
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Analogs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

PurposeFor years, traditional techniques have been used for diabetes treatment. There are two major types of insulin: insulin analogs and regular insulin. Insulin analogs are similar to regular insulin and lead to changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The purpose of the present research was to determine the cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs versus regular insulin for diabetes control in Yazd Diabetes Center in 2017.Design/methodology/approachIn this descriptive–analytical research, the cost-effectiveness index was used to compare insulin analogs and regular insulin (pen/vial) for treatment of diabetes. Data were analyzed in the TreeAge Software and a decision tree was constructed. A 10% discount rate was used for ICER sensitivity analysis. Cost-effectiveness was examined from a provider's perspective.FindingsQALY was calculated to be 0.2 for diabetic patients using insulin analogs and 0.05 for those using regular insulin. The average cost was $3.228 for analog users and $1.826 for regular insulin users. An ICER of $0.093506/QALY was obtained. The present findings suggest that insulin analogs are more cost-effective than regular insulin.Originality/valueThis study was conducted using a cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate insulin analogs versus regular insulin in controlling diabetes. The results of study are helpful to the government to allocate more resources to apply the cost-effective method of the treatment and to protect patients with diabetes from the high cost of treatment.

scholarly journals Overcoming Adverse Selection: How Public Intervention Can Restore Market Functioning

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Welfare Cost ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

The paper provides a first analysis of market jump starting and its two-way interaction between mechanism design and participation constraints. The government optimally overpays for the legacy assets and cleans up the market of its weakest assets, through a mixture of buybacks and equity injections, and leaves the firms with the strongest legacy assets to the market. The government reduces adverse selection enough to let the market rebound, but not too much, so as to limit the cost of intervention. The existence of a market imposes no welfare cost. (JEL D82, D83, G01, G31, H81)

scholarly journals Impacts of Agricultural Land Acquisition for Urbanization on Agricultural Activities of Affected Households: A Case Study in Huong Thuy Town, Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8559
Author(s):  
Nhung Pham Thi ◽  
Martin Kappas ◽  
Heiko Faust
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Agricultural land acquisition for urbanization (ALAFU) has strongly impacted agriculture in Vietnam during the last decades. Given the mixed data obtained from a survey with 50 households who lost 50% of their farmland area (in-depth interviews, a group-focused discussion and observation) this study shows the different impacts of ALAFU on each agricultural activity of affected household by comparing before and after ALAFU. Rice cultivation and animal breeding have sharply declined, but potted flower plantation (PFP) has quickly grown and is the main income of 34% of surveyed households. Rice cultivation has declined not only as a result of agricultural land acquisition, which has resulted in the loss of rice land, but also as a result of urbanization, which has resulted in rice land abandonment. Conversely, PFP is growing due to advantages associated with urbanization, such as a good consumer market and upgraded infrastructure. However, whether they are declining or increasing, all agricultural activities have to face challenges related to the shortcomings in agricultural land allocation and agricultural development plans. This study suggests that if ALAFU projects are continued, the government should evaluate agricultural development and forecast farmland abandonment after ALAFU. Simultaneously, they should put more effort into maintaining agriculture in the form of peri-urban or urban agriculture, which is significant for sustainable development in affected communities.

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