scholarly journals A Review on Automatic Covid-19 Lung Infection Detection from Different Imaging Techniques

Author(s):  
Sangeeta Singh

Corona Virus Disease-2019 commonly known as COVID-19 which has been defined by the Novel Corona Virus. It is a family of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was first detected during respiratory outbreak. It was first reported to the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 eruption a global health emergency. As of 27-May-2021 169,095,283 confirmed cases have been reported in the world and 2, 73, 67, 935 cases in India. It is required to identify the infection with high precision rate but there are lots of deficiency in the diagnosing system that may resulted false alarm rate. Initially it could be detected through throat saliva but now it can also be identified thought the impairment in lungs from computerized tomographical imaging technique. This paper reviewed various researches over COVID-19 diagnosis approach as well as the syndrome in respiratory organs. There are so many imaging techniques through which lungs impairments can be detected that may diagnose COVID-19 with high level of accuracy. CT scan image is the best alternative for diagnosing COVID-19.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Marjan Miharja ◽  
Wiend Sakti Myharto ◽  
Hendrikus Lermatin ◽  
Paternus Ndruru ◽  
Veni Florence Lakie ◽  
...  

The spread of Covid-19 has become one of the people's concerns, starting in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of 2019 when this virus was discovered, the spread of the virus that the antidote has not yet been found is now out of control. More than 200 countries in the world have reported that their people have contracted the Covid-19 virus. Corona Virus Disease 19 has been declared a Global Public Health Emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30, 2020. Conditions in Indonesia until Thursday, November 30, 2020, the number of people who tested positive for Covid-19 reached 538,883 cases, 450,518 people recovered and 16,945 of them died. This figure will continue to increase in line with the opinion of some epidemiologists and statistics that a pandemic outbreak will not end quickly. The purpose of this community service activity is to realize one of the contents of Presidential Instruction Number 4 of 2020, namely "Rrefocussing activities, reallocation of budgets and procurement of goods and services in order to accelerate the handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)", namely by making and distributing fluids. Disinfectant that is safe and environmentally friendly and recommended by the BPOM and the World Health Organization (WHO) to help people face the New Normal era. The result of this service activity is a disinfectant liquid that is safe and environmentally friendly and is able to anticipate the spread of covid-19 and increase public awareness of the Covid-19 Virus in the face of the New Normal era.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 831-835
Author(s):  
Swati Sharma ◽  
◽  
Jyoti Gaur ◽  

The corona virus outbreak came to light on December 31, 2019 when China informed the World Health Organization of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of an unknown cause in Wuhan City in Hubei Province. Subsequently the disease spread to more Provinces in China, and to the rest of the world and finally, World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as pandemic. The virus has been named SARS-CoV-2 and the disease is now called COVID-19.Symptoms of corona virus include, fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, runny nose, sore throat and persistent pain or pressure in the chest. In extreme cases, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome and kidney failure occurs. In few it has been found to be fatal. As a result, a panic created in the world population, when the outspread and deaths could not be controlled. COVID-19 pandemic, forced the governments to shut down not only the offices and markets but also all the educational centers like primary schools, higher secondary schools, colleges, institutes and universities to protect the students and faculty members from corona virus and community spread of the disease. This created a hurdle in face to face learning, a regular practice of education. Teachers and students were compelled to adopt Information and Communication Technology (ICT) techniques, into their teaching- learning process, as a result of lockdown and to make the effortsof continuing education, successful. Other than untrained staff, mental unpreparedness of the students, there were many technical issues in this project, theincompatible devices, slow network and remote residences caused problems in connectivity and communication issues, not only for the students but for the teachers too. Although, the institutions declared work from home for the employees, this work from home situation created psychological trifles between the employers and employees too. The employees who were quite naïve with the IT usage, online activities and record keeping of online activities, faced difficult time in compilation of data. Objectives-This study highlights the stress faced by teaching employees due to the unexpected and unprepared changesin schedule and practices of teaching methods. Tools- A self -structured Assessment scale of Stress Assessment was used on 72 teaching faculties who were working from home during lockdown period due to COVID- 19. Analysis- The average and percentage of scores was calculated to assess the results. The results show that High level of stress was observed in the teaching faculties. Conclusions-The researches concludes that such sudden changes may cause stress, anxiety and psychological disturbances. High level of stress was observed in the teaching staff due to coping mechanism. It was related to Waking and Sleep related Stress, Work duration related Stress, Rights related Stress, Insecurity related Stress, Blood pressure related Stress, Increased Risk Behavior such as smoking and drinking and Stomach related problems, high Perceived Stress and Stress Busters.


Author(s):  
Romanus Ayadiuno ◽  
◽  
Chukwuka Ndulue ◽  

Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria is part of the worldwide pandemic of corona virus disease 2019, caused by the novel corona virus. The first confirmed case was announced in the country on 27th February 2020 and subsequently in Anambra state on 9th April 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease, (now officially named COVID-19) a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 31st January, 2020 and subsequently rolled out measures to preventing and or contained the spread of the disease. This paper looks at the preventive measures of the World Health Organization (WHO), adopted by the Nigerian Government in the fight against the Virus and the perceptions of residents in three selected city centers of Onitsha, Nnewi and Awka in Anambra state Southeastern Nigeria. The data used in this paper were accumulated from three hundred randomly selected adult (within 25 and 65years old) literate residents in sampled city centers using structured questionnaire, supplemented by oral interviews and other literatures. The data collected was subjected to Principal Component Analysis to discover the principles underlying variables and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to identify the effects of the misconceptions. Recommendations therefore suggests rescinding the lockdown policy; production and free distribution of face masks, soaps, hand sanitizers, and immune booster supplements; provision of water supply; intensified sensitization and massive testing for Covid-19.


Author(s):  
Kandra Naga Vishnu ◽  
Praveen Kumar Uppala ◽  
Yakaiah Vangoori ◽  
Siva Naga Koteswara Rao Gudhanti

The novel Corona Virus Disease popularly known as COVID-19 brought all sectors to a temporary standstill since its first outbreak in Wuhan China in 2019. The rapid spread of this disease to all countries of the world made it to be declared a pandemic by the world health organization in the first quarter of the year 2020. This pandemic exposed the world population to the understanding of immunity since that was the only remedy at present to this new pandemic. The morbidity and mortality of this new virus were estimated across the globe by many institutions and organizations. The tropical regions where malaria epidemic is more pronounced is less affected by COVID-19 probably due to high immunity already developed by the population as a result of frequent malaria disease and regular use of anti-malarial drug.


Author(s):  
Afriwardi

The spread of Corona virus disease 19 (Covid-19) which has been going on since December 2019 has had a very broad impact on all walks of life. Data quoted from the official website of the World Health Organization (WHO), as of September 25, 2020, reported that there were more than 31,026,758 confirmed cases of Covid-19 worldwide, and more than 755,786 people had died with positive Covid-19 ( 1). Meanwhile in Indonesia, as monitored by the Kompas.com website, 137,468 confirmed cases of Covid-19 were reported and more than 6,071 people died. The mortality rate is estimated to be 4.416%, of which most cases involve the elderly (> 80%) (2). Seeing the reality on the ground, by not being disciplined in responding to health protocols to prevent Covid-19 transmission, this number will continue to show an increase.


Author(s):  
Sajjad Baber

Background: Corona virus disease was first reported in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China. Soon the corona virus disease has spread to many countries. World health organization has described the situation as Pandemic. By 12 March 2020, corona virus disease has affected 125 countries around the world. Corona virus was first confirmed in Iran on 19 February 2020. Objective: The aim of writing this small article is to determine the mortality rate of corona virus disease in different cities of Iran. This article will give readers an idea of different ways to control spread of corona virus disease in Iran. Methods: Author has collected the data of daily confirmed cases from different diagnostic centers and hospitals across the country from 19 February 2020 to 1 April 2020. Results: Mortality rate of corona virus disease is roughly 4%. Conclusions: Mortality rate could rise if COVID 19 infection is not controlled.


2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Raj Yadav ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Pranav Ish ◽  
Nitesh Gupta ◽  
...  

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and spread all over the world leading to declaration of a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March 2020. Most countries around the world have been on lockdown in an effort to halt the spread of virus. Most countries around the world have enforced lockdown in an effort to halt the spread of virus. People around the world have been pushed into uncharted waters of uncertainty, fear, anxiety, stress and depression due to economic crash down, job losses and fear for their own health and that of their loved ones.There is a known association between anxiety/stress and sleep disturbances and vice versa. The most vulnerable population in this isolation like condition, in this lockdown, are the chief earning member of the family, women, young ones, and people with psychiatric illness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angga Syahputra ◽  
Devi Nurtiyasari ◽  
Zani Anjani

<p><em>Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) has spread to more than 190 countries around the world. Covid-19 in Indonesia was first reported on March 2, 2020, i.e. as much as 2 cases. As of June 12, 2020, there were 36.406 confirmed cases (positive) and 2048 deaths cases. In Aceh, as of June 12, 2020, there were 115 total cases with 20 confirmed cases (positive) and 1 death case. In dealing with Covid-19, Indonesia Government has issued various policies based on studies of expertise and direction from the World Health Organization (WHO). One of the policies is to implement Physical Distancing. This policy becomes a challenge to be implemented in Indonesia. The Aceh Provincial Government also urged citizens to implement this policy. This study conducted to see the factors affecting Acehnese awareness in implementing Physical Distancing policy. The result shows that it is significantly affected by job factor, whereas other factors such as age and salary have no significant effect.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong><em>: C</em></strong><strong><em>ovid-19</em></strong><strong><em>;</em></strong><strong><em> Society Awareness</em></strong><strong><em>;</em></strong><strong><em> Public Awareness</em></strong><strong><em>;</em></strong><strong><em> Physical Distancing</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><h2>Abstrak</h2><p>Virus Covid-19 telah menyebar ke lebih dari 190 negara di dunia. Covid-19 di Indonesia pertama kali dilaporkan pada 2 Maret 2020 yaitu sebanyak 2 kasus. Hingga 12 Juni 2020, terdapat 36.406 kasus terkonfirmasi (positif) dan 2048 kasus kematian. Di Aceh, per 12 Juni 2020, terdapat total 115 kasus dengan 20 kasus terkonfirmasi (positif) dan 1 kasus kematian. Dalam menangani Covid-19, Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan berdasarkan kajian keahlian dan arahan dari Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO). Salah satu kebijakannya adalah dengan menerapkan <em>physical distancing social</em>. Kebijakan ini menjadi tantangan untuk diterapkan di Indonesia. Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh pun mengimbau warganya menerapkan kebijakan ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesadaran masyarakat Aceh dalam menerapkan kebijakan menjaga jarak fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor pekerjaan dipengaruhi secara signifikan, sedangkan faktor lain seperti umur dan gaji tidak berpengaruh signifikan.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Covid-19; Kesadaran Masyarakat; Kesadaran Publik; Jarak Fisik.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Marjan Miharja ◽  
Wiend Sakti Myharto ◽  
Yastuty Handalya ◽  
Emil Salim ◽  
Anggoro Hendrawan ◽  
...  

The spread of Covid-19 has become one of the people's concerns, starting in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of 2019 when this virus was discovered, the spread of the virus that the antidote has not yet been found is now out of control. More than 200 countries in the world have reported that their people have contracted the Covid-19 virus. Corona Virus Disease 19 has been declared a Global Public Health Emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30, 2020. Conditions in Indonesia until Thursday, November 30, 2020, the number of residents who tested positive for Covid-19 reached 538,883 cases, 450,518 people recovered and 16,945 of them died. This figure will continue to increase in line with the opinion of some epidemiologists and statistics that a pandemic outbreak will not end quickly. The purpose of this community service activity is to realize one of the contents of Presidential Instruction Number 4 of 2020, namely "Rrefocussing activities, reallocation of budgets and procurement of goods and services in order to accelerate the handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)", namely by making and distributing fluids. Disinfectant that is safe and environmentally friendly and recommended by the BPOM and the World Health Organization (WHO) to help people face the New Normal era. The result of this service activity is a disinfectant liquid that is safe and environmentally friendly and able to anticipate the spread of covid-19 and increase public awareness of the Covid-19 Virus in the face of the New Normal era.


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