PERCEPTIONS OF SAME-VERSUS CROSS-SEX-TYPED PHYSICAL STANCE

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Sheila Fling Maria M. Prieto ◽  
Shirley M. Rosenwasser
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The Cross

Seventy-five undergraduates did semantic differential ratings on one of four pictures: a male or female in a “masculine” or “feminine” stance as described by Wex (1979). The results generally supported the four hypotheses. The “masculine” stance was perceived as (1) more masculine (p < .000) as well as (2) more potent (p < .000), active (p < .000), happy (p < .05), and well-adjusted (p < .05) than the ‘feminine’ stance. (3) The cross-sex-typed stance was seen as less heterosexual, than the same-sex typed one (p < .05). (4) Interactions on masculinity, potency, activity (p s < .0001), happiness, adjustment (p s < .05), and successfulness (p < .07) indicated that the cross-sex-typed male tended to be rated less favorably but the cross-sex-typed female more favorably than their same-sex-typed counterparts. A bias against “masculine” personality traits in females (Broverman et al., 1972) thus did not hold true for physical stance.

The Role of Negative Personality Traits in Psychological Adaptation

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Юлия Черткова ◽  
Yuliya Chertkova ◽  
Марина Егорова ◽  
Marina Yegorova
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Age Related

The paper reflects one of the aspects of the research carried out within the framework of the project “Nature of variability of negative personality traits: a twin study”. The research reviews the adaptive component of negative personal traits. The sample of the study consisted of 136 members of monozygotic twins and 401 only children in their families aged 18-78. Life satisfaction was a generalized metric of psychological adaptation. It is shown that a number of negative personality traits (in particular, narcissism, authoritarianism) positively correlate with life satisfaction. The biased value of various personality traits, which can also indirectly serve as an indicator of adaptability of these psychological properties, was assessed using a semantic differential. The age-related changes in the perfect image of the self, which are associated primarily with some more attractive negative personal traits, as well as the multidirectional desired changes in personality traits in themselves and the twin (more power and conflict in themselves and less of the same in the brother/sister) also indicate that a number of negative personal traits play a positive role in psychological adaptation. It is assumed that these traits can have a compensatory function during stress, and the destructiveness of these traits can have a greater impact on people around than on themselves.

Note on Parental Similarity, Acceptance of Authority, and Field Independence

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-814
Author(s):  
Cecilia L. Ridgeway
Keyword(s):  
High Field ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Opposite Sex

Bieri (1960) suggested that, particularly for males, the combined unconventionality of low acceptance of authority and greater perceived similarity to the opposite sexed parent would be associated with high field independence. This study challenged that argument suggesting that a mixture of conventional and unconventional personality variables, i.e., low acceptance of authority, same sex parental similarity or high acceptance of authority, opposite sex similarity, would be associated with higher field independence than consistently conventional or unconventional combinations of variables. 66 female and 57 male students completed an embedded-figures test, an acceptance of authority scale, and a semantic differential measure of perceived similarity to parents. The hypothesis was confirmed for males but not females. There were strong differences between these results and those obtained by Bieri with comparable measures.

Sex-Stereotyped Traits, Physical Attractiveness, and Interpersonal Attraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Nida ◽  
John E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Marital Partner ◽  
Basic Procedure ◽  
Interpersonal Situations ◽  
Physically Attractive

Two distinct categories of information operative in interpersonal situations are what a person “looks like” and what the person “acts like.” The former can be represented by degree of physical attractiveness. The latter can be summarized in terms of personality traits, classified according to the degree to which they are typically seen as masculine or feminine. The present research assessed the effects of simultaneously manipulating these two variables on different measures of heterosexual interpersonal attraction. The basic procedure involved college students' reading an elaborate context story from which ratings of hypothetical stimulus persons, in both “working partner” and “marital partner” contexts, emerged. The physical attractiveness of the hypothetical person was varied by means of facial photographs, and the person's trait description was manipulated for degree of sex-stereotype loading on the basis of “sex-stereotype index” values for adjectives. In both experiments subjects strongly preferred physically attractive stimulus persons. In a study in which subjects chose between two stimulus persons, interpersonal attraction was related to the sex-stereotype loading of personality traits, with subjects preferring stimulus persons described with traits drawn from the same-sex stereotype. In a second study in which subjects rated only one stimulus person, such an effect did not occur. In both studies feminine traits were more highly valued than masculine characteristics within the context of marriage.

Romanticism and Gender Criticism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Wolfson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Feminist Criticism ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Literary Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Cross Dressing ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Criticism

Gender criticism, an evolution from feminist criticism, studies representations of gender and gender difference in literary representation and, more broadly, in the ‘social text’, the languages and systems of representation in culture at large. Gender language is conspicuous in the binaries masculine and feminine, allied to manly, unmanly, effeminate, boyish, girlish, womanish, womanly, etc. It also involves the complications and challenges to these binaries by same-sex associations and intimacies, ‘queer’ configurations (unreadable by traditional measures), trans- or fluid figures, and performativity in all these aspects – including ventures in cross-dressing or cross-living, closeted or coterie-identifiable. In the Romantic era, gender criticism suggests that the sex/gender coordinates male/masculine and female/feminine are historically specific determinations, not inevitabilities. This essay focuses on dismantling critiques and attendant reinforcements. Critique often takes the form of satires of the ‘feminine’ qualities of delicacy, sentiment, soft-headedness, and dependence, ‘girls’ for life, even in a adult woman’s body; it also satirizes masculine swagger and presumption. It becomes interested in aberrant but not necessarily stigmatized variants – say, the rational woman and the man who respects such a woman, without being unmanned. Traditional understandings get put into question and into play, with critical implications.

The Feminine in the Cross of David Jones

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (898) ◽  
pp. 472-480
Author(s):  
Jenifer Dye
Keyword(s):  
The Feminine ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Comment on “Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior”

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6536) ◽  
pp. eaba2941
Author(s):  
Dean Hamer ◽  
Brian Mustanski ◽  
Randall Sell ◽  
Stephanie A. Sanders ◽  
Justin R. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Sex Partner

The phenotypic measures used by Ganna et al. (Research Articles, 30 August 2019, p. 882) lump together predominantly heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual individuals, including those who have experimented with a same-sex partner only once. This may have resulted in misleading associations to personality traits unrelated to understood categories of human sexuality. Scientific studies of human sexuality should use validated and reliable measures of sexual behaviors, attractions, and identities that capture the full spectrum of complexity.

scholarly journals Developing and evaluating language-based machine learning algorithms for inferring applicant personality in video interviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Hickman ◽  
Rachel Saef ◽  
Vincent Ng ◽  
Sang Eun Woo ◽  
Louis Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Cross

Organizations are increasingly relying on people analytics to aid human resources decision-making. One application involves using machine learning to automatically infer applicant characteristics from employment interview responses. However, management research has provided scant validity evidence to guide organizations’ decisions about whether and how best to implement these algorithmic approaches. To address this gap, we use closed vocabulary text mining on mock video interviews to train and test machine learning algorithms for predicting interviewee’s self-reported (automatic personality recognition) and interviewer-rated personality traits (automatic personality perception). We use 10-fold cross-validation to test the algorithms’ accuracy for predicting Big Five personality traits across both rating sources. The cross-validated accuracy for predicting self-reports was lower than large-scale investigations using language in social media posts as predictors. The cross-validated accuracy for predicting interviewer ratings of personality was more than double that found for predicting self-reports. We discuss implications for future research and practice.

scholarly journals Features of Perception of Modern Russian Political Leaders in University Students (A Psychosemantic Research)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
V.S. Sobkin ◽  
М.А. Mnatsakanyan
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Moral Qualities ◽  
Modern Russian

The paper presents outcomes of a research on features of perception of modern Russian political leaders in young people. A technique of multidimensional semantic differential was employed: the subjects were asked to assess 15 objects (political leaders, 'my ideal', 'ideal leader', 'antipathetic person' and 'Myself') according to 33 personality traits using a seven-point scale. The outcomes suggest that the structure of the students' perception of political leaders is quite simple and is based on three modalities: 'morality', 'power' and 'intelligence'. Comparing these outcomes with the research data obtained in 2004 using the same technique allowed the authors to conclude that the students do not assess modern political leaders according to the moral qualities of the latter, but rather perceive them through the qualities of power associated with social manipulation.

Mobilizing Genre

Queer Timing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 80-98
Author(s):  
Susan Potter
Keyword(s):  
Same Sex ◽  
Hollywood Cinema ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Transition To Sound ◽  
Sexual Category

This chapter considers the sexuality effects of a film released on the cusp of the transition to sound and which redeploys the codes of a nearly exhausted genre, the flapper film. While several scholars have read The Wild Party (dir. Dorothy Arzner, Paramount Lasky, 1929) in terms of its lesbian subtext, a mode of interpretation shaped by a representational regime that postdates the film’s release, this chapter traces how the visual erotics mobilized across the entire film render such scenes sexually legible. “Mobilizing Genre” argues that the site through which lesbian possibilities are paradoxically screened—that is, both projected and hidden from view—is the sexualized and kinetic body of the feminine flapper. In failing to anchor same-sex desire definitively to any one sexual category, The Wild Party’s sexual kinesthetics demonstrate the centrality of same-sex desire to female spectatorship in Hollywood cinema, and its intimate and productive relation to new erotic discourses of both homo- and heterosexuality.

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