Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Prenatal Distress Questionnaire

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi ◽  
Hajar Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Prenatal Distress ◽  
Reliability Coefficients

We examined pregnancy-specific stress and general stress during pregnancy and documented the psychometric properties of the Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ) in 240 Iranian pregnant women. Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Persian version of the 12-item PDQ to test the validity of the Persian PDQ. Pregnancy-specific stress levels and concerns of women about birth were significantly higher in early pregnancy compared to late pregnancy. Reliability coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) for the 3 subscales of the Persian PDQ were .73–.93. Results showed therefore that the Persian version of the PDQ is a reliable, valid instrument and a useful screening tool for measuring pregnancy stress in Iranian pregnant women.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women With COVID-19 In Japan: A Nationwide Questionnaire Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Arakaki ◽  
Junichi Hasegawa ◽  
Akihiko Sekizawa ◽  
Tomoaki Ikeda ◽  
Isamu Ishiwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Route Of Infection ◽  
Positive Rate

Abstract Background: Few reports have presented an overall view of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across an entire country and throughout the entire gestation period. Furthermore, no such reports are available for Japan. We examined the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID‑19 on a national scale in Japan.Methods: A nationwide questionnaire-based survey for all 2,185 maternity services in Japan was conducted between July and August 2020. Information regarding maternal characteristics and epidemiological, clinical, treatment, and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 between 16 January and 30 June 2020 were collected. Main outcome measures were incidence of pregnant women with COVID-19 and infant infection, positive rate of the universal screening test for asymptomatic pregnant women, identification of infection route and rates of maternal death, and severe cases.Results: Responses from 1,418 institutions were assessed (65% of all delivery institutions in Japan). Seventy-two pregnant women were reported to have been diagnosed with COVID-19. The positive rate of the universal screening test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among asymptomatic pregnant women was 0.03% (2/7428). The most common route of infection was familial (57%). Fifty-eight pregnant women with COVID-19 were symptomatic, of whom five (8.6%) had a severe infection and one died (a tourist). Severe respiratory symptoms, oxygen administration, and pneumonia were frequently reported in the third trimester and postpartum period compared with in early pregnancy (22.2% vs 2.5% [P=0.03], 38.9% vs 7.5% [P=0.01], and 50.0% vs 7.5% [P<0.01], respectively). All pregnant women with COVID-19 underwent caesarean sections, regardless of symptoms. There were no SARS-CoV-2 transmissions to newborns.Conclusions: In Japan, the number of cases of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women is very low. Compared with early pregnancy, late pregnancy may be a risk factor for exacerbation of symptoms and familial transmission is the most common route of infection. The importance of infection prevention should be emphasised, especially in women in late pregnancy, their families, and any cohabitants.Trial registration: None

scholarly journals Sleep Patterns in Pregnant Women with Obesity Differentially Affect Energy Intake and Metabolic Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 984-984
Author(s):  
Emily Flanagan ◽  
Abby Altazan ◽  
Jasper Most ◽  
Robbie Beyl ◽  
Daniel Hsia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Gain Energy

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, altered glucose kinetics coupled with disrupted sleep increase the risk for adverse metabolic health outcomes. The aim of this prospective, observational study in pregnant women with obesity was to 1) examine sleep patterns in early and late pregnancy; and 2) identify how changes in sleep patterns impact gestational weight gain, energy intake and metabolic health. Methods In 52 healthy pregnant women with obesity (27.4 ± 0.6 y; BMI: 36.3 ± 0.7 kg/m,2), energy intake (intake-balance method), and changes in weight, fasting glucose, insulin, lipids and habitual sleep (5 consecutive nights via wrist worn accelerometer) were assessed from early (13,0–15,6 weeks) to late (35,0–36,6) pregnancy. A change to habitual sleep parameters (increase or decrease) was defined as ± one-half of the standard deviation of the 5-day measurement in early pregnancy. Results Results In early pregnancy, time spent in bed (TIB) was 9.40 ± 0.13 h and varied 1.61 ± 0.11 h across the 5 nights. Total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) significantly declined from early to late pregnancy 7.05 ± 0.13 h to 6.46 ± 0.15 h (P &lt; 0.001) and 76 ± 0.1% to 71 ± 0.2% (P &lt; 0.001), respectively. Women who increased TIB (11 of 52) had a significant decrease in plasma glucose −11.6 ± 4.3% (P &lt; 0.01) and a trend towards lower insulin (−57.8 ± 33.5%; P = 0.09) and HOMA-IR (−72.4 ± 37.3%; P = 0.058) across pregnancy compared to women who decreased their TIB (13 of 52). Women who increased TIB had a significantly lower daily energy intake (−540 ± 163 kcal; P &lt; 0.01) and tended to have less gestational weight gain (−146.7 ± 87.6 g/wk; P = 0.10). There was no difference in weight gain, energy intake or plasma markers between women who increased or decreased TST or SE. Conclusions Although sleep time and sleep quality decline throughout pregnancy, TIB had the greatest impact on metabolic health in pregnant women with obesity. Women spending more TIB consumed fewer calories. Our data suggest that the relationship between glucose metabolism and sleep during pregnancy is at least in part explained by lower energy intakes, possibly due to shorter eating windows. Studies that manipulate the eating window, independent of sleep timing are needed to understand the benefits to metabolic health for women during pregnancy. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health [R01DK099175].

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Pregnancy Symptoms Inventory (PSI)

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110673
Author(s):  
Solmaz Ghanbari-Homaie ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Sonia Hasani ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of pregnancy symptoms inventory. A methodological study. This study was conducted on 220 pregnant women. Construct validity was measured by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was measured by intra-class correlation coefficient and internal consistency. Since the items 12 (snoring) and 16 (thrush) failed to obtain the minimum principal axis factoring in exploratory factor analysis, they were removed from the Persian version. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for the extracted model. Cronbach’s alpha was .94 for the frequency items and .95 for the limitation items. Intra-class correlation coefficient was between .58 and 1 for frequency items and between .73 and 1 for limitation items. The Persian version of pregnancy symptoms inventory was a valid and reliable scale to be used for Iranian pregnant women.

Changes in baroreceptor sensitivity for heart rate during normotensive pregnancy and the puerperium

2000 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie J. BLAKE ◽  
Allison MARTIN ◽  
Brad N. MANKTELOW ◽  
Charles ARMSTRONG ◽  
Aidan W. HALLIGAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Normotensive Pregnancy

Normal pregnancy is associated with marked changes in cardiovascular haemodynamics, which in part may be due to changes in autonomic control mechanisms. Baroreflex sensitivity for heart rate (BRS) was calculated in the supine and standing positions using power spectral analysis of pulse interval (PI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in 16 normotensive pregnant women and 10 normotensive non-pregnant controls. The pregnant women were studied on three occasions during their pregnancy (early, mid- and late gestation) and once during the puerperium. Supine total SBP variability increased between early and late pregnancy by 79% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 30%, 145%; P < 0.001], and supine high-frequency PI variability decreased by 75% (CI 51%, 88%; P < 0.001). Supine BRS fell by 50% (P < 0.001), with values returning to early-pregnancy levels in the puerperium, which were similar to those recorded in the control group. Standing SBP variability and BRS values were unchanged during pregnancy and post partum. The low/high frequency ratio of PI variability, taken as a surrogate measure of sympathovagal balance, increased by 137% (CI 42%, 296%; P < 0.01) in the supine but not the standing position from early to late pregnancy. This was due to a decrease in high-frequency variability rather than to an increase in low-frequency variability, suggesting that these changes may have been due to vagal withdrawal rather than increased sympathetic activity. Normotensive pregnancy is associated with a marked decrease in supine BRS, although the exact mechanisms for these changes remain unclear. Further studies are required to define whether changes in BRS and sympathovagal tone in early pregnancy can be used to predict the onset of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

scholarly journals The erythrocyte incorporation of absorbed non-haem iron in pregnant women

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Whittaker ◽  
Jon F.R. Barrett ◽  
Tom Lind
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Haem Iron ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
High Absorption

Studies of Fe absorption in pregnancy often make unfounded assumptions of erythrocyte incorporation. Therefore, we measured the absorption and utilisation of Fe during early and late pregnancy by the erythrocyte incorporation of two stable isotopes. 8·5 mg57Fe (oral) and 0·5 mg58Fe (intravenous) were given to five non-pregnant women, to five women in early gestation (12 weeks) and five women in late gestation (36 weeks). The stable isotope ratios in whole blood 14 d later were measured by MS. Together with estimation of body Fe mass, this enabled the calculation of Fe absorption and erythrocyte incorporation. In non-pregnant women, Fe absorption averaged 20·3 (range 10·2–34·3) %. It was not significantly different in early pregnancy (11·8 (range, 4·4–24·8) %), but during late pregnancy Fe absorption increased to 59·0 (range 38·2–77·2) %. All non-pregnant and early-pregnancy subjects had normal Fe status, but two women in late pregnancy had evidence of Fe insufficiency. During early and late pregnancy, mean erythrocyte incorporation was 63·4 (SD 12·1) % AND 71·0 (sd 10·4) % respectively, significantly reduced (P=0·003) compared with non-pregnant subjects (90·1 (sd 6·0) %). Decreased erythrocyte incorporation of absorbed Fe in early pregnancy is compatible with reduced Fe demand and low oral absorption. However, during late pregnancy decreased erythrocyte incorporation associated with high absorption and Fe insufficiency is different from the high erythrocyte incorporation which occurs in non-pregnant Fe-deficient women. This suggests that part of the aetiology of Fe deficiency during pregnancy may be the reduction of Fe utilisation.

scholarly journals Women Abuse Screening Tool: A Validation Study on Nigerian Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 398-404
Author(s):  
Ibukunoluwa B Bello ◽  
Ebernezer O Akinnawo ◽  
Bede C Akpunne
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Women Abuse ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Tolerable Level

Domestic violence is identified across the globe as a menace as it poses a threat to the mental health of its victims, the significant others of the victim and the security of a nation at large. In some cases, the victim of domestic violence is a pregnant woman and harm is caused not only to a woman but her fetus also and this calls for urgent psychological assessment and intervention. Although there is no doubt that psychological tests are effective in the assessment of domestic violence, using the psychometric properties obtained from a different population may produce generate inaccurate findings. This paper therefore attempts the validation study of Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) using a sample of 379 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the State Specialist Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The study derived a Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability of 0.758, p <.05 and a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.683, p <.05. Furthermore, concurrent validity of Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) and Ongoing Abuse Screen (OAS) was established as 0.29, p<.05. The norms of the instrument were given as 2.38 for tolerable level of domestic violence and 5.79 for severe and pathological level of domestic violence. Authors conclude that Women Abuse Screening Tool has acceptable psychometric properties to justify its usage for the assessment of level of domestic violence among pregnant women in Nigeria and other nations with similar socio-cultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties and factor structure of the persian version of revised prenatal distress questionnaire in second and third trimesters

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi ◽  
Maria Esfandiari ◽  
Hemmat Gholinia ◽  
Shabnam Omidvar ◽  
Fatemeh Nasiri-Amiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Prenatal Distress

scholarly journals Thyroxine Supplementation in Pregnant Women After Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer and Neonatal Birth Weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Ding ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
Yulai Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyi Huang ◽  
Zhiwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Neonatal Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Thyroid

Patients are often supplemented with a sufficient dose of thyroxine after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer. However, the influence of thyroxine supplementation on fetal growth in pregnant women after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thyroxine supplementation on neonatal birth weight. This cohort study included 49,896 pregnant women (278 patients with a history of thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer and 39,363 control cases after exclusion). Thyroid parameters were examined in pregnant women and their newborns. The associations between maternal thyroid function and neonatal birth weight and small for gestational age were studied using regression analyses. In the levothyroxine supplementation group, free thyroxine (FT4) levels were significantly higher in both early pregnancy (P &lt; 0.001) and late pregnancy (P &lt; 0.001) groups than in the control group. Furthermore, levels of neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone (P = 0.032) and birth weight (P = 0.043) were significantly lower than those in the control group. We also observed a significant inverse association between maternal FT4 levels in early pregnancy and neonatal birth weight (P=0.028), especially in male newborns (P=0.036). In summary, after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, a sufficient dose of thyroxine supplementation in early pregnancy is significantly associated with reduced birth weight and may need to be monitored.

scholarly journals Lactose digestion in pregnant African-Americans

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Paige ◽  
Frank R Witter ◽  
Yvonne L Bronner ◽  
Lisa A Kessler ◽  
Jay A Perman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
American Women ◽  
African American Population ◽  
The Status

AbstractObjective:This paper reports on the status of lactose digestion during early and late pregnancy and at 8 weeks postpartum in an African-American population. The hypothesis is that lactose digestion and milk tolerance do not change throughout pregnancy anddo not differ from those of non-pregnant African-American women.Design and subjects:This longitudinal study determined lactose digestion after ingesting 240 ml of 1% fat milk containing 12g of lactose at: (1) early pregnancy, prior to 16 weeks (n = 148); (2) late pregnancy, 30–35 weeks (n = 77); and (3) 8 weeks postpartum (n = 93). One hundred and one comparably matched non-pregnant African-American women served as controls.Results:Prevalence of lactose digestion, as measured by breath hydrogen, was 80.2% in the control women, 66.2% in early pregnancy, 68.8% in late pregnancy and 75.3% postpartum. The prevalence of women reporting symptoms was approximately 20% regardless of lactose absorption status. However, the control women reported significantly more symptoms than did the pregnant women.Conclusions:This study indicates that there is no significant change in lactose digestion during pregnancy. The prevalence of lactose intolerance for the pregnant African-American women studied is similar to that for non-pregnant African-American women and similar to previous prevalence reports in adult African-Americans. There was no change in the tolerance of lactose noted during pregnancy in these women. There were, however, fewer symptoms reported by the lactose-maldigesting pregnant women.

scholarly journals Comparison of urinary 5-L-oxoproline (L-pyroglutamate) during normal pregnancy in women in England and Jamaica

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A Jackson ◽  
Chandarika Persaud ◽  
Geoff Werkmeister ◽  
Irene S. M McClelland ◽  
Asha Badaloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Significant Difference

Urinary 5-L-oxoproline was measured during normal pregnancies in Southampton, England and Kingston, Jamaica. The CV of 5-L-oxoproline excretion in urine, determined over 7 d in a non-pregnant woman and three pregnant women, was 10–36%. Compared with non-pregnant women, urinary 5-L-oxoproline increased three to four times from early pregnancy in women in Southampton, a highly significant difference, and remained elevated at similar levels during mid and late pregnancy. For women in Kingston, the excretion of 5-L-oxoproline was similar to that of Southampton women in the non-pregnant group and during early pregnancy. However, there was a progressive increase in the excretion of 5-L-oxoproline as pregnancy advanced and by late pregnancy excretion was from three to ten times greater than the average for the non-pregnant women. There was a significant difference between the women in Southampton and the women in Kingston during mid and late pregnancy, with women in Kingston excreting twice as much 5-L-oxoproline during late pregnancy. If the excretion of 5-L-oxoproline is a measure of glycine insdciency, the results would indicate that in some pregnancies the ability of the mother to provide glycine for herself and the developing fetus is marginal or inadequate and the constraint appears more marked in Jamaica than in England.

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