scholarly journals Herbal Home Remedies for Toothache during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Akash Kumar Giri ◽  
Bibek Kattel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the halt of proper dental care in most of the world, except for emergency cases. And, this resulted in a lot of people seek some home remedies for relieve in dental pain. So, this article aims to list down herbal home remedies which can be very helpful in such conditions. The use of medicinal herbs for dental pain can be traced back to history in some form or the other in almost every country. These herbal home remedies have no significant side effects as compared to other chemical-based alternatives, are also easy to obtain and cheaper as well. Clove, Olive, Miswak, Babool and other herbs listed in the article have significant dental properties which have been validated scientifically through various researches. These plant products can be hence used in commercial products as well but only after proper clinical trials. Further research should be encouraged in this field as herbal alternatives can be very beneficial with no such side effects. However, these home remedies are only useful for symptomatic treatment and undergoing proper dental care is advised.

scholarly journals Immunotoxins Immunotherapy against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Promising Prospect

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heiat ◽  
Hamid Hashemi Yeganeh ◽  
Seyed Moayed Alavian ◽  
Ehsan Rezaie
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
The World

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Therefore, fighting against such cancer is reasonable. Chemotherapy drugs are sometimes inefficient and often accompanied by undesirable side effects for patients. On the other hand, the emergence of chemoresistant HCC emphasizes the need for a new high-efficiency treatment strategy. Immunotoxins are armed and rigorous targeting agents that can purposefully kill cancer cells. Unlike traditional chemotherapeutics, immunotoxins because of targeted toxicity, insignificant cross-resistance, easy production, and other favorable properties can be ideal candidates against HCC. In this review, the characteristics of proper HCC-specific biomarkers for immunotoxin targeting were dissected. After that, the first to last immunotoxins developed for the treatment of liver cancer were discussed. So, by reviewing the strengths and weaknesses of these immunotoxins, we attempted to provide keynotes for designing an optimal immunotoxin against HCC.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccines in Pakistan: Efficacy, Adverse Effects and Availability

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Soma Siddique ◽  
Shaheer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Pain On Injection ◽  
The World

In this review article, we aim to document the efficacy, adverse effects, mode of action, required doses, and availability of the major vaccines available in Pakistan till 20 May 2021. We reviewed all available literature on COVID-19 vaccines in PubMed and Google scholar. We also reviewed articles from grey literature. Currently, Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna, Sinopharm (China), Sputnik V (Russia), CoronaVac (popularly known as Sinovac) (China), Cansino, and Vaxzevria vaccines have been authorized for emergency use in several countries. Pakistan has sanctioned the use of all the aforementioned vaccines except Pfizer and Moderna. As per their efficacy, Pfizer and Moderna have been found most effective among all the vaccines with 95% effectiveness, while the Vaxzevria, Sputnik V, Sinopharm, and Cansino have shown 70%, 91.6%, 79.34%, and 90% effectiveness, respectively. All the vaccines have shown milder side effects like headache, fever, and pain on injection sites. To curb the pandemic, more clinical trials are being conducted throughout the world. Importantly public awareness is warranted to achieve the target of vaccinating a large population.

Letters

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 50-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kate Zampino
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Premature Baby ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neonatal Nurses ◽  
The World ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Sick Baby ◽  
Anniversary Celebration

Thank you very much for your offer to include my picture in Neonatal Network.® Obviously, I do not remember when I was on the cover but I have seen the picture. I am honored to be part of your 20th anniversary celebration. My mom is an NICU nurse and I see your magazines around our house, usually by her bathtub, all the time. I really think you should put my mom and her friends on the cover of Neonatal Network.® I don’t even think about being a premature baby nor do I have any side effects or anything. My mom and the other nurses, therapists, and doctors are the really great people in the world. My mom cannot talk about her work too much but sometimes it is really hard. Like, I can always tell when she takes care of a baby who died or a really sick baby that is not going to make it. Sometimes she even comes home and cries. I can also always tell when she takes care of a mom who is just 14 years old because then she lectures me about birth control for weeks. So, anyway, I think it is the neonatal nurses who need more recognition even though my mom says they (nurses) really like to hear about all their babies especially the ones that are grown up like me.

scholarly journals P0314TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES OF IDIOPATHIC MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Breik ◽  
Mouna Jerbi ◽  
Raja Aoudia ◽  
Soumaya Chargui ◽  
Hanen Guaied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background and Aims The increase in life expectancy has led to increasing numbers of elderly patients in all medical disciplines, particularly in nephrology. Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is common in the elderly and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality because of the complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS) and immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of this study is to analyze the diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary approach of IMN in elderly patiets. Method We conducted a retrospective descriptive study in the nephrology department at Charles Nicolle hospital over a period of 44 years. All older patients (≥65 years) with histologically proven MN were included in this study. Data collected included demographic, clinical and biological parameters in each patient. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software. Results Twenty-eight patients were collected. The mean age was 67.03 years (65-78 years) with a male predominance (sex ratio: 2.3) and low socio-economic level in 82.5% of cases. Sixteen patients were smokers (57.14%), 5 ethyl patients (17.8%), diabetes was present in 3 patients (10.7%) and hypertension in 11 patients (39.28%). Two cases of neoplasm were present, namely one case of prostatic adenocarcinoma and one case of gallbladder adenocarcinoma, all were diagnosed and treated along one year and ten years respectively, before the diagnosis of MN. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by oedema in 27 cases (86.27%), hypertension in 11 cases (39.28%) and elevated creatinine level in 9 cases (32.14%). Deep venous thrombosis was the circumstance of discovery in one case. At the time of diagnosis, the clinico-biological picture was dominated by high systolic blood pressure in 21 cases (75%), anasarca in 7 cases (25%), proteinuria in all cases and hematuria in 20 cases (71.14%). Biology revealed nephrotic syndrome (NS) in all cases, hypercholesterolemia in 23 cases (82.14%), high serum creatinine in 14 cases (50%) with an average creatinine level of 127,95 µmol/l, anemia in 17 cases (60.7%) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies were positive in one case. MN was confirmed by a kidney biopsy in all cases. Symptomatic treatment was indicated in all patients. Immunosuppressive therapy was started early in 12 patients (40%) because of the severe NS and the deterioration of renal function. Eight patients (26.6%) received corticosteroids alone (group 1), three patients received corticosteroid with mycofenolate mofetil (group 2) and one patient received corticosteroid with ciclosporin (group3). Fourteen patients received only symptomatic treatment (group 4). We noted partial remission in group 3, however complete remission in 37.5%, 14.28% and 12.5% from respectively group 1, group 4 and group 2. The side effects of immunosuppressive therapy were infectious complication in 8 patients (28.5%), osteoporosis in 3 patients (10.7%) and Steroid diabetes in one case. The side effects of NS were thrombotic complication in 5 patients (17.85%). Two patients had presented coronary syndrome and two other patients had presented hepatitis C. Two cases of death were noted whose etiology was pulmonary infection in one patient and undeterminate etiology in the other case. Conclusion Treatment of IMN in older patients has unique challenges, reducing the need for renal replacement therapy. Most studies report that the elderly respond to therapy with rates comparable with younger patients but in the other hand elderly are more susceptible to side effects of immunosuppressive therapy.

scholarly journals Preparation and investigation of the ayurvedic churna formulation for diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Kumar K ◽  
Mothilal K ◽  
Mahender K ◽  
Ravi D
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
200Mg Dose ◽  
100Mg Dose ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Drug

Out of most of the dreadful diseases in the world Diabetes, shortly known as DM, is the most dreadful. The primary cause of diabetes is the lack of insulin due to the insufficient secretion of insulin by the pancreas or the insensitivity of the body to reuptake the insulin. This results in the accumulation of the sugar or glucose in the blood, only thereby disturbing all the other physiological conditions in the body. Herbs, as we know, are devoid of or have very fewer side effects when compared to the antidiabetic synthetic drugs. There is evidence to show that the herbs are safer and the chemical leads that are isolated from the medicinal plants are potent in controlling diabetes. The antidiabetic activity of herbs was proven, and the mechanism of action of the drugs was also established in many pieces of research. The polyherbal churna was prepared using various herbs like Tinospora, Glycerrihiza etc. that are already proven for the antidiabetic activity. This formulation was investigated for the antidiabetic activity at two doses and was compared with a marketed formulation and also a standard synthetic drug in STZ induced DM method. The prepared churna formulation showed a better activity compared with the standard and the marketed churna. The prepared churna at 200mg dose showed better activity than the 100mg dose.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of clinical trials, indications, pharmacokinetic parameters and side effects of approved platinum drugs

Pharmacia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Stefka Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Platinum Complexes ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Platinum Drugs

Platinum complexes are among the most commonly applied anticancer agents. The aim of current work is collection, analysing and comparative estimation of clinical trials and pharmacological indications of currently approved for application platinum detivatives: Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin, Nedaplatin (Japan), Lobaplatin (China), Heptaplatin (North Korea), and Satraplatin. The other aim of the study includes the summarizing of the hystoric data for the stages of the developlement of these drugs, and the comparison of pharmacokimetic parameters, side effecs and the dose-liniting factors of the drugs. The observational study on pharmacokinetic parameters shows that protein binding decreases in order: 95% (Cisplatn); 90% (Oxaliplatin); 50% (Nedaplatin); low (Carboplatin). For every of Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin have been reported more than 1000 clinical trials; for Lobaplatin, Nedaplatin, Satraplatin - about 10 trials. The differenses in dose-limiting effects are: neuro-, nephro-, ototoxicity (Cisplatin); neurotoxicity (Oxaliplatin); nephrotoxicity (Heptaplatin); myelosuppression: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia (Carboplatin, Nedaplatin, Satraplatin).

scholarly journals Potential specific therapies in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662092685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamdan Gul ◽  
Zin Mar Htun ◽  
Nauman Shaukat ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Material Section ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

COVID-19 has grown into a global pandemic that has strained healthcare throughout the world. There is a sense of urgency in finding a cure for this deadly virus. In this study, we reviewed the empiric options used in common practice for COVID-19, based on the literature available online, with an emphasis on human experiences with these treatments on severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-COV-1) and other viruses. Convalescent blood products are the most promising potential treatment for use in COVID-19. The use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), remdesivir, and tocilizumab are some of the other promising potential therapies; however, they are yet to be tested in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The use of lopinavir-ritonavir did not prove beneficial in a large RCT. The use of corticosteroids should be avoided in COVID-19 pneumonia unless used for other indications, based on the suggestion of harm in patients with SARS-COV-1 and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) infection. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

A Compendium of Modern Minimally Invasive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Techniques

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pan ◽  
Alexander G Chartrain ◽  
Jacopo Scaggiante ◽  
Alejandro M Spiotta ◽  
Zhouping Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
Evacuation Strategy ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Phase Clinical Trials ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) evacuation has gained popularity with success in early-phase clinical trials. This procedure, however, is performed in very different ways around the world. Objective To provide a technical description of these strategies that facilitates comparison and aids decisions in which surgery to perform, and to inform further improvements in minimally invasive ICH evacuation. Methods Major authors of clinical trials evaluating each of the main techniques were contacted and asked to supply a case example and technical description of their respective surgeries. Results Five major techniques are presented including stereotactic thrombolysis, craniopuncture, endoscopic, endoscope-assisted, and endoport-mediated. Techniques differ in numerous ways including the size of the cranial access, the size of the access corridor through the brain to the hematoma, and the evacuation strategy. Regarding cranial access, a burr hole is created in stereotactic thrombolysis and craniopuncture, a small craniectomy in endoscopic, and a small craniotomy in the other 2. Access corridors through the parenchyma range from 3 mm in craniopuncture to 13.5 mm in the endoport-mediated evacuation. Regarding evacuation strategies, stereotactic thrombolysis and craniopuncture rely on passive drainage from a catheter placed during surgery that remains in place for multiple days, while the other 3 techniques rely on active evacuation with suction and bipolar cautery. Conclusion Future comparative clinical trials may identify the advantageous components of each strategy and contribute to improved outcomes in this patient population.

The use of benzodiazepines for tinnitus: systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (S3) ◽  
pp. S14-S22 ◽  
Author(s):  
N E Jufas ◽  
R Wood
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subjective Tinnitus ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
Robust Evidence

AbstractObjectives:To investigate the effectiveness of benzodiazepine use for subjective tinnitus and to consider this in the context of the concomitant side effects.Methods:A systematic search of several databases using the terms ‘tinnitus’ and ‘benzodiazepines’ was conducted to find clinical trials of benzodiazepines and comparators in tinnitus patients. These studies were then assessed for risk of bias.Results:Six clinical trials were included. Clonazepam was found to be effective in three studies, but these studies had limitations regarding adequate blinding. The effectiveness of alprazolam was equivocal. Diazepam was not effective in two studies and oxazepam was effective in one study.Conclusion:Benzodiazepine use for subjective tinnitus does not have a robust evidence base. Clonazepam has the most evidence to support its use and is relatively less likely to lead to abuse because of its longer half-life, but caution is still needed given the other serious side effects.

scholarly journals Sirolimus in Infants with Multiple Cardiac Rhabdomyomas Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Lucchesi ◽  
Enrico Chiappa ◽  
Flavio Giordano ◽  
Francesco Mari ◽  
Lorenzo Genitori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Tumor Debulking

Introduction: Cardiac rhabdomyomas represent a frequent manifestation of tuberous sclerosis. Tumor growth, mainly prenatally, can result in intrauterine fetal or neonatal deaths in almost 10% of patients. Case Report: We treated 3 consecutive infants aged less than 12 months with sirolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor. All patients achieved significant reductions in cardiac rhabdomyomas. A complete response was documented in 2 patients, while a partial response with tumor debulking greater than 50% was seen in the other one. The median time to best cardiac response was 1.9 months in all patients, and 3.3 months in those with complete response. The side effects profile was acceptable. Conclusion: Sirolimus may have a significant role in promoting natural regression of cardiac rhabdomyomas. Prospective clinical trials are needed.

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