scholarly journals Medicinal plants for the treatment of snakebites among the rural populations of Indian subcontinent: An indication from the traditional use To pharmacological confirmation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Malathi Ramaswamy ◽  
Sivakumar Duraikannu ◽  
Chandrasekar Solaimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Snakebite is one of the important medical problems that affect the public health due to their high morbimortality. Most of the snake venoms produce intense lethal effects, which could lead to impermanent or permanent disability or in often death to the victims. The accessible specific treatment was using the antivenom serum separated from envenomed animals, whose efficiency is reduced against these lethal actions but it has a serious side effects. In this circumstance, this review aimed to provide an updated overview of herbal plants used popularly as antiophidic agents and discuss the main species with pharmacological studies supporting the uses, with prominence on plants inhibiting the lethal effects of snake envenomation amongst the rural tribal peoples of India. There are several reports of the accepted use of herbal plants against snakebites worldwide. In recent years, many studies have been published to giving pharmacological confirmation of benefits of several vegetal species against local effects induced by a broad range of snake venoms, including inhibitory potential against hyaluronidase, phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic, and edematogenic activities. In India, a variety of herbal plants are used to cure against the snakebites and other poisonous bites, used either in alone or in combination with other herbal agents. The present study was designed to formulate an attempt to bring together information on medicinal plants that are grown and used for snakebite treatment in India. From a variety of literature sources, data have been compiled with prominence on the plants, family, parts used, etc., depending on the availability of information.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Félix-Silva ◽  
Arnóbio Antônio Silva-Junior ◽  
Silvana Maria Zucolotto ◽  
Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Local Tissue

Snakebites are a serious problem in public health due to their high morbimortality. Most of snake venoms produce intense local tissue damage, which could lead to temporary or permanent disability in victims. The available specific treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, whose effectiveness is reduced against these effects. Thus, the search for complementary alternatives for snakebite treatment is relevant. There are several reports of the popular use of medicinal plants against snakebites worldwide. In recent years, many studies have been published giving pharmacological evidence of benefits of several vegetal species against local effects induced by a broad range of snake venoms, including inhibitory potential against hyaluronidase, phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, myotoxic, and edematogenic activities. In this context, this review aimed to provide an updated overview of medicinal plants used popularly as antiophidic agents and discuss the main species with pharmacological studies supporting the uses, with emphasis on plants inhibiting local effects of snake envenomation. The present review provides an updated scenario and insights into future research aiming at validation of medicinal plants as antiophidic agents and strengthens the potentiality of ethnopharmacology as a tool for design of potent inhibitors and/or development of herbal medicines against venom toxins, especially local tissue damage.

scholarly journals Potentiality and possibility of Medicinal Plants on Ayurvedic Principle in prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binay Sen ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Treatment Principle ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic health emergency, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying some medical problems are more likely to develop serious illness. Considering different classical and contemporary viewpoints, the newly identified COVID-19 can be categorized under agantuja vyadhi (exogenous disease) by inception, caused by bhoota (organisms), and transforming to nija (endogenous) leading to disequilibrium of kapha, vata, and pitta doshas and manifestation of clinical features of mainly pranavaha (cardio-pulmonary system), rasavaha (cardio-vascular system) and raktavaha (vascular and RES) srotas dushti (vitiation of channels). In Ayurveda, for a new disease, the treatment principle is designed on the basis of the nature of the disorder, etiology and location. Hence rasayana drugs for epidemic disease, disinfectants for microorganism, dosha (mainly kapha and vata) pacifying drugs and disease-location specific treatment i.e deepana (stomachic), pachana (digestive), shwasahara (anti-dyspnea) and kasahara (anti-cough) are being discussed in this paper. Apart from this, potential of mukhavaishadyakara (mouth cleansing agent), patimarsha-nasya (nasal smearing), krimighna (anti-viral), vishaghna (anti-toxic) and kshara (alkali) dravya (medicinal plants) are being highlighted as these groups of drugs are effective in subsiding kapha, vata, killing microorganism and protecting ojas (immunity) by virtue of their broad spectrum pharmacodynamic properties.

Phytotherapy for wound healing: The most important herbal plants in wound healing based on Iranian etnobotanical documents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Solati ◽  
Mehrdad Karimi ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Saber Abbaszadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Tissue ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Echium Amoenum

: Wound healing is a process which starts with inflammatory response after damage occurrence. This process happens by restoring the wound surface coating tissue, migrating fibroblasts to form the needed collagen, forming a healing tissue and finally contortion and extraction of the wound. Today, various drugs are used to heal the wound. However, the used drugs to repair wounds have some defects and side effects. In spite of all attempts to accelerate wound healing definitely, no safe drug has been introduced for this purpose. Therefore, the necessity of identifying herbal plants in ethnopharmacology and ethnobotany documents with healing effect is felt essential. In this article we tried to review and present Iranian effective medicinal plants and herbal compounds used for wound healing. Searching was performed on databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, ISC, SID, Magiran and some other databases. The keywords used included wound healing, skin treatment, medicinal plants, ethnobotany, and phytotherapy. In this regard, 139 effective medicinal plants on wound healing were identified based on ethnopharmacology and ethnobotanical sources of Iran. Medicinal plants such as Salvia officinalis, Echium amoenum, Verbascum spp., G1ycyrrhiza glabra, Medicago sativa, Mentha pulegium, Datura stramonium L., Alhagi spp., Aloe vera, Hypericum perforatum, Pistacia atlantica and Prosopis cineraria were the most important and effective medicinal plants on wound healing in Iran. These native Iranian medicinal plants are full of antioxidants and biological compounds and might be used for wound healing and preparation of new drugs.

Screening for Rho-kinase 2 inhibitory potential of Indian medicinal plants used in management of erectile dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumanta Kumar Goswami ◽  
Pandre Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rohitash Jamwal ◽  
Shekhar Dethe ◽  
Amit Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, More Effective and Safer Pharmacological Treatment for the Management of Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Negi ◽  
Meenakshi Gupta ◽  
Ramanpreet Walia ◽  
Moayad Khataibeh ◽  
Maryam Sarwat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
New Compounds

: Obesity is a major lifestyle disorder and it is correlated with several ailments. The prevalence of obesity has elevated over the years and it has become a global health problem. The drugs presently used for managing obesity have several side-effects associated with them such as diarrhoea, leakage of oily stools, etc. On the contrary, herbal plants and natural products are considered safe for use because they have lesser side effects. New compounds isolated from medicinal plants are screened and identified to determine their effectiveness and potential in preventing abnormal weight gain. In this review, the medicinal plants and natural materials were surveyed across the literature to cover those that have potential for managing and controlling weight gain, and their mechanism of action, active component, and experimental methodologies are also included. These herbal products can be developed as formulations for therapeutic use in obesity. The herbal plants mentioned in the review are classified based on their mechanism of action: inhibition of pancreatic lipase and appetite suppression activities. The ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme has been used to determine the effectiveness of herbal products for the prevention of abnormal weight gain because of its action on dietary fat and suppression of appetite. This review is an attempt to summarize the herbal plants and natural products that can be used to develop formulations effective in controlling weight gain and obesity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimycobacterial rhamnolipid production from non-cytotoxic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from rhizospheric soil of medicinal plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok K Mishra ◽  
Rikesh K Dubey ◽  
Shivraj M Yabaji ◽  
Swati Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Rhamnolipid Production ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Activity

Rhamnolipids (RLs) are the bacterial derived biosurfactants and known for a wide range of industrial and therapeutic applications. They exhibit potent anti-bacterial activity against various gram positive, gram negative and acid fast bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Since, Pseudomonas is one of the largest known genuses containing a variety of rhamnolipid producing strains. Therefore, in this study, we selectively isolated the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from the rhizospheric soil of the Indian plants of medicinal value, e.g. Azadirachta Indica and Ficus spp., and evaluated them for their natural ability to produce antibacterial rhamnolipids. The bacteria were identified on the basis of 16s rRNA sequencing and biochemical characterization. Among 33 of P. aeruginosa isolates from different soil samples, four isolates showed potent inhibitory activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and fast grower mycobacterial spp. The inhibitory potential of the isolates was found to be correlated with their ability to produce RLs in the medium. The industrial viability of the strains was assessed on the basis of cytotoxicity determining alternative allele, exoS/exoU and cell mediated cytotoxicity against murine macrophages J774.1. The newly isolated strains harbor exoS allele and exhibits lower cell mediated cytotoxicity on macrophage cell line as compared to the clinical strains PA-BAA-427 and PA-27853 used as a control in this study.Evaluation of antimycobacterial rhamnolipid production from non-cytotoxic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from rhizospheric soil of medicinal plants

In My Best Interest

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Mayer ◽  
Bryn Esplin ◽  
Christopher J. Burant ◽  
Brigid M. Wilson ◽  
MaryAnn Lamont Krall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Surrogate Decision

Background: Advance directives (ADs) have traditionally been viewed as clear instructions for implementing patient wishes at times of compromised decision-making capacity (DMC). However, whether individuals prefer ADs to be strictly followed or to serve as general guidelines has not been studied. The Veterans Administration’s Advance Directive Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care and Living Will (VA AD) provides patients the opportunity to indicate specific treatment preferences and to indicate how strictly the directive is to be followed. Objective: To describe preferences for life-sustaining treatments (LSTs) in various illness conditions as well as instructions for the use of VA ADs. Design/Setting: A descriptive study was performed collecting data from all ADs entered into the medical record at 1 VA Medical Center between January and June 2014. Measurements: Responses to VA AD with emphasis on health care agents (HCAs) and LW responses. Results: Veterans were more likely to reject LST when death was imminent (74.6%), when in a coma (71.1%), if they had brain damage (70.6%), or were ventilator dependent (70.4%). A majority (67.4%) of veterans preferred the document to be followed generally rather than strictly. Veterans were more likely to want VA ADs to serve as a general guide when a spouse was named HCA. Conclusion: Most of the sampled veterans rejected LST except under conditions of permanent disability. A majority intend VA ADs to serve as general guidelines rather than strict, binding instructions. These findings have significant implications for surrogate decision making and the use of ADs more generally.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants possess sedative and anxiolytic effect with emphasis on their mechanisms of action

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 061-077
Author(s):  
Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Na Channels ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Web Science

Insomnia and anxiety are worldwide medical problems. Plant extracts possessed sedative and anxiolytic effect via different mechanisms included interactions with Na+ channels, γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and chatecholamines. In the current review, Web Science, PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct, were searched to investigate the plants with sedative and anxiolytic effects

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimalarial Activity of Extracts of Some Indigenous Plant Species in Kebbi State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aisha Abdulrazak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Water As Solvent

The search for antimalarial compounds has been necessitated by the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to almost all antimalarial drugs. The aim of this research was to determine in-vitro antimalarial activity of extracts of some indigenous plants species in Kebbi State. Plant extraction was carried-out by maceration using ethanol and water as solvent. The antiplasmodial activity of the extracts was evaluated against fresh clinical isolates of P. falciparum using WHO method of in-vitro micro test. Phytochemical screening was also carried out on the extract to deduce the active chemicals present in the plant extract. All plant extracts demonstrate dose dependent antimicrobial activities with IC50 Less than 50%. However highest growth inhibition of the P. falciparum was demonstrated by aqueous and ethanol extract of A. indica with IC50 7.4µg/ml and 8.6µg/ml respectively followed by ethanol and aqueous extract of C. occidentalis with IC50 15.3µg/ml and 18.0µg/ml respectively. Least antimalarial activity was demonstrated by aqueous extract of M. oleifera with IC50 33.5µg/ml while ethanolic extract of M. oleifera demonstrated IC50 of 20.50µg/ml. M. indica ethanolic and aqueous extract also demonstrated moderate antimalarial activity with IC50 18.8µg/ml and 24.5µg/ml. The phytochemical screening of medicinal plants showed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoid, phenol and cardiac glycosides in the extracts, which may be responsible for the antiplasmodial activity. This result justifies the traditional use of the plant in malaria treatment and further research is suggested to identify and characterize the active principles from the plants. Keywords: Antimalaria, Invitro, Medicinal Plants, Malaria, Kebbi

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