scholarly journals EFFECT OF BODY COMPOSITION ON AEROBIC CAPACITY AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN UNDER GRADUATE HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3542-3545
Author(s):  
Rashmi Walke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Health Science Students ◽  
Post Test

Body composition refers to body weight in terms of the absolute and relative amounts of muscle, bone, and fat tissues. Under graduate health science students are required to undertake various activities while pursuing their course so they are required to be fit. As a result, the students should be well aware of their body composition and how aerobic capacity varies on this basis. To study the effect of body composition on aerobic capacity and blood pressure in under graduate health science students. The objectives include estimation of Body composition by calculating body fat %, VO2 max after completion of Queen’s College Step Test, evaluating the blood pressure, resting & post QCST test protocol in under graduate health science students. 280 under graduate health science students able to complete QCST test were recruited. Documentation of demographic data and baseline parameters were done. Skin fold measurements at various sites were taken to estimate the body fat percentage. The QCST was done and Post-test recovery pulse rate and blood pressure were recorded. The post-test parameters were used to calculate the Vo2 max. The result of the study shows that there is an effect of body composition on aerobic capacity and blood pressure in under graduate health science students thereby supporting the aim of the study. It is clear that body composition does affect the aerobic capacity and blood pressure in undergraduate health science students. Furthermore it is to note that the fitness level of health science students are better if their body fat percentage is lower because they are exhibiting higher aerobic capacity and also the blood pressure values have found to be comparatively lower.

Associations of Anthropometric Characteristics, Dietary Habits, and Aerobic Capacity With Cardiovascular Risk Factors of Health-Science Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idoia Zarrazquin Arizaga ◽  
Ainhoa Fernández Atucha ◽  
Maider Kortajarena ◽  
Jon Torres-Unda ◽  
Amaia Irazusta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Health Science Students

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to study the relative importance of dietary habits and aerobic capacity in parameters related to cardiovascular risk in 271 female and 95 male health-science students (mean age = 19.1 ± 1.4 years). In females, fatty-meat consumption predicted triglycerides (β = .649, p < .001) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL; β = −.242, p = .001) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL; β = .373, p < .001) cholesterol levels. Consumption of nuts, legumes, and complex carbohydrates predicted triglyceride (β = −.099, p = .074), HDL (β = .231, p = .001), and LDL (β = −.155, p = .025) levels, respectively. Aerobic capacity (β = −.245, p < .001) and fatty-meat intake (β = .230, p < .001) predicted diastolic blood pressure (BP); body mass index (BMI) predicted systolic BP (β = .340, p < .001). In males, body fat percentage was the strongest predictor of triglycerides (β = .348, p = .004), cholesterol (β = .366, p = .006), HDL (β = −.378, p = .004), and LDL (β = .271, p = .043) levels. Aerobic capacity (β = −.263, p = .013) and fatty-meat consumption (β = .334, p = .005) independently predicted triglyceride levels. Nut (β = −.286, p = .013) and fatty-meat intake (β = .361, p = .002) predicted systolic BP, while BMI predicted diastolic BP (β = .209, p = .045). As health sciences students, these participants are future health professionals; targeting such populations is important for chronic disease prevention.

Comparison of structured and unstructured physical activity training on predicted VO2max and heart rate variability in adolescents – a randomized control trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Sharma ◽  
Senthil Kumar Subramanian ◽  
Krishnakumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Rajathi Rajendran ◽  
Balasubramanian Sulur Ravindran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
And Gender

AbstractBackground:Physical inactivity contributes to many health issues. The WHO-recommended physical activity for adolescents encompasses aerobic, resistance, and bone strengthening exercises aimed at achieving health-related physical fitness. Heart rate variability (HRV) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) are considered as noninvasive measures of cardiovascular health. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of structured and unstructured physical training on maximal aerobic capacity and HRV among adolescents.Methods:We designed a single blinded, parallel, randomized active-controlled trial (Registration No. CTRI/2013/08/003897) to compare the physiological effects of 6 months of globally recommended structured physical activity (SPA), with that of unstructured physical activity (USPA) in healthy school-going adolescents. We recruited 439 healthy student volunteers (boys: 250, girls: 189) in the age group of 12–17 years. Randomization across the groups was done using age and gender stratified randomization method, and the participants were divided into two groups: SPA (n=219, boys: 117, girls: 102) and USPA (n=220, boys: 119, girls: 101). Depending on their training status and gender the participants in both SPA and USPA groups were further subdivided into the following four sub-groups: SPA athlete boys (n=22) and girls (n=17), SPA nonathlete boys (n=95) and girls (n=85), USPA athlete boys (n=23) and girls (n=17), and USPA nonathlete boys (n=96) and girls (n=84).Results:We recorded HRV, body fat%, and VO2 max using Rockport Walk Fitness test before and after the intervention. Maximum aerobic capacity and heart rate variability increased significantly while heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and body fat percentage decreased significantly after both SPA and USPA intervention. However, the improvement was more in SPA as compared to USPA.Conclusions:SPA is more beneficial for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, HRV, and reducing body fat percentage in terms of magnitude than USPA in adolescent individuals irrespective of their gender and sports activities.

scholarly journals The effect of seven-week preparation period on body composition, strength, flexibility and aerobic endurance characteristics of a women volleyball team7 haftalık hazırlık periyodunun bir kadın voleybol takımının vücut kompozisyonu, kuvvet, esneklik ve aerobik dayanıklılık özelliklerine etkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 6071
Author(s):  
Ender Eyuboğlu ◽  
Oğuzhan Dalkıran ◽  
Cem Sinan Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
T Test ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Preparation Period

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of seven-week preparation period on body composition, strength, flexibility and aerobic endurance characteristics of female volleyball players of a team in Turkish 1stDivision Volleyball League.Healthy 9 female volleyball players (average age and height values were in 19,00±3,53 years and 176,13±4,30 cm) participated voluntarily in this study. Participants' age, body weight, height, body fat percentage was determined and vertical (squad and active) jump, flexibility and aerobic endurance characteristics were measured. In order to compare differences between pre-test and post-test results Paired Sample t-Test in SPSS (Ver.14) program was used. α set as 0,05.According to the results of the comparison of the data obtained from the pre-test and post-test measurements of the participants, there were no significant differences between two tests on body mass, body fat percentage, counter movement jump, squat jump and anaerobic power, otherwise there were significant differences between tests on flexibility (t=-2,811; p=0,023) and VO2max(t=-8,066; p=0,000). ÖzetBu çalışmada amaç; 7 haftalık hazırlık dönemi boyunca yapılan antrenmanların, Türkiye Voleybol Kadınlar 1. Ligi’nde yer alan bir takımın oyuncularının vücut kompozisyonu, kuvvet, esneklik ve aerobik dayanıklılık (VO2max)özelliklerine etkisini belirlemektir.Çalışmaya, herhangi bir sağlık problemi veya spor yaralanması bulunmayan, 19,00±3,53 yaş ve 176,13±4,30 cm boy ortalamasına sahip 9 kadın voleybolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Oyuncuların fiziksel özelliklerinden yaş, vücut ağırlığı, boy ve vücut yağ yüzdesi tespit edilmiş, ayrıca motorik özelliklerinden aktif ve skuat sıçrama, esneklik ve aerobik dayanıklılık kapasiteleri ön-test ve son-test olarak birer kez ölçülmüştür. Verilerin karşılaştırılmasında SPSS (Ver. 14) paket programında yer alan Paired Sample T-test kullanılmıştır. α değeri 0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.Katılımcıların ön-test ve son-test ölçümlerinden elde edilen verilerin karşılaştırma sonuçlarına göre; 7 hafta boyunca düzenli uygulanan antrenmanlar sonucunda vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ yüzdesi, aktif sıçrama, skuat sıçrama ve anaerobik güç özelliklerinde anlamlı bir değişim olmazken, esneklik (t=-2,811; p=0,023) ve VO2max (t=-7,948; p=0,000)özelliklerinde anlamlı değişimler meydana gelmiştir.

Comparison of the Effect of Soy protein and Whey protein on Body Composition: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Masoome Piri Damaghi ◽  
Atieh Mirzababaei ◽  
Sajjad Moradi ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Atefeh Tavakoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

Abstract Background: Essential amino acids (EAAs) promote the process of regulating muscle synthesis. Thus, whey protein that contains higher amounts of EAA can have a considerable effect on modifying muscle synthesis. However, there is insufficient evidence regarding the effect of soy and whey protein supplementation on body composition. Thus, we sought to perform a meta-analysis of published Randomized Clinical Trials that examined the effect of whey protein supplementation and soy protein supplementation on body composition (lean body mass, fat mass, body mass and body fat percentage) in adults. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, up to August 2020, for all relevant published articles assessing soy protein supplementation and whey protein supplementation on body composition parameters. We included all Randomized Clinical Trials that investigated the effect of whey protein supplementation and soy protein supplementation on body composition in adults. Pooled means and standard deviations (SD) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis was applied to discern possible sources of heterogeneity. Results: After excluding non-relevant articles, 10 studies, with 596 participants, remained in this study. We found a significant increase in lean body mass after whey protein supplementation weighted mean difference (WMD: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.67. P= 0.019). Subgroup analysis, for whey protein, indicated that there was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals concomitant to exercise (WMD: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.47, 2.00; P= 0.001). There was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals who received 12 or less weeks of whey protein (WMD: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.63; P<0.0001). We observed no significant change between whey protein supplementation and body mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. We found no significant change between soy protein supplementation and lean body mass, body mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. Subgroup analysis for soy protein indicated there was a significant increase in lean body mass in individuals who supplemented for 12 or less weeks with soy protein (WMD: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.89; P< 0.0001). Conclusion: Whey protein supplementation significantly improved body composition via increases in lean body mass, without influencing fat mass, body mass, and body fat percentage.

Body Mass and Body Composition Changes over 7 Years in a Male Professional Rugby Union Team

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clíodhna McHugh ◽  
Karen Hind ◽  
Aoife O'Halloran ◽  
Daniel Davey ◽  
Gareth Farrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Dxa Scans ◽  
Composition Changes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal body mass and body composition changes in one professional rugby union team (n=123), (i) according to position [forwards (n=58) versus backs (n=65)], analysis of players with 6 consecutive seasons of DXA scans (n=21) and, (iii) to examine differences by playing status [academy and international], over 7 years. Players [mean age: 26.8 y, body mass index: 28.9+kg.m2] received DXA scans at fourtime points within each year. A modest (but non-significant) increase in mean total mass (0.8 kg) for professional players was reflected by increased lean mass and reduced body fat mass. At all-time points, forwards had a significantly greater total mass, lean mass and body fat percentage compared to backs (p<0.05). Academy players demonstrated increased total and lean mass and decreased body fat percentage over the first 3 years of senior rugby, although this was not significant. Senior and academy international players had greater lean mass and lower body fat percentage (p<0.05) than non-international counterparts. Despite modest increases in total mass; reflected by increased lean mass and reduced fat mass, no significant changes in body mass or body composition, irrespective of playing position were apparent over 7 years.

scholarly journals Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Program and Decreased Obesity: A 10-Year Follow-up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boštjan Jakše ◽  
Barbara Jakše ◽  
Stanislav Pinter ◽  
Jernej Pajek ◽  
Nataša Fidler Mis
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Food Plant ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Lifestyle Program ◽  
Composition Changes

Failure of various weight-loss programs and long-term maintenance of favorable body composition in all kinds of people is high, since the majority go back to old dietary patterns. Many studies have documented the efficacy of a plant-based diet (PBD) for body mass management, but there are opinions that maintaining a PBD is difficult. We aimed to evaluate the long-term success of a whole-food plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle program. We investigated the differences in the obesity indices and lifestyle of 151 adults (39.6 &plusmn; SD 12.5 years), who were on our program for short (0.5&ndash;&lt;2 years), medium (2&ndash;&lt;5 years), or long term (5&ndash;10 years). Body-composition changes were favourable for all three groups, both genders and all participants. There were no differences in relative body-composition changes (BMI, body fat percentage and muscle mass index (MMI)) between the three groups. All participants improved their BMI (baseline mean pre-obesity BMI range (kg/m2): 26.4 &plusmn; 5.6 to normal 23.9 &plusmn; 3.8, p &lt; 0.001), decreased body mass (&ndash;7.1 &plusmn; 8.3 kg, p &lt; 0.001) and body fat percentage (&ndash;6.4 &plusmn; 5.6 % points, p &lt; 0.001). 85.6% (101 out of 118) of parents of underage children (&lt; 18 years), introduced WFPB lifestyle to their children. Those with the highest BMI at baseline lost the most of: a) BMI units, b) total body mass and c) body fat (a) (kg/m2) (&ndash;5.6 &plusmn; SD 2.9, &ndash;2.4 &plusmn; 1.8 and &ndash;0.9 &plusmn; 1.5), b) (kg) (&ndash;16.1 &plusmn; SD 8.8, &ndash;7.1 &plusmn; 5.4 and &ndash;2.5 &plusmn; 4.5) and c) (% points) (&ndash;9.5 &plusmn; SD 5.7, &ndash;6.6 &plusmn; 4.6 and &ndash;4.7 &plusmn; 5.3) for participants who had baseline BMI in obese, overweight and normal range, respectively; pbaseline vs. current &lt; 0.001 for all). WFPB lifestyle program provides long-term lifestyle changes for reversal of obesity and is effective transferred to the next generation.

scholarly journals Body Composition of Children in the Pre-pubertal and Early-pubertal Period: Are There Some Age-related and Intersexual Differences?

GYMNASIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Pavol Čech ◽  
Pavel Ružbarský ◽  
Ľubomír Paučír ◽  
Dalibor Dzugas
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Wallis Anova ◽  
Vega 1

The aim of the presented study was to assess changes in body composition and intersexual differences among children at pre-pubertal and early-pubertal age. The research was designed as a non-randomized cross-section study. The screened sample consisted of 136 girls and 212 boys assigned into three groups according to their age. Body composition was measured using a direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (DSM-BIA). To examine the association between obesity and selected health-related parameters, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Eta2 were used. For evaluation of intersexual differences, Mann-Whitney U-test was used. The presented article is the part of VEGA 1/0840/17 project. From the perspective of age, neither in the group of girls nor boys we recorded any differences in indicators of body composition, namely in body fat mass index, body fat percentage and, in addition, in the group of girls in the waist to hip ratio parameter.

scholarly journals Effects of Combined Aerobic and Strength Training on Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Nuri Topsakal ◽  
Osman Ates ◽  
Burcak Keskin ◽  
Orhan Armutcu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Group 16

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of combined aerobic and strength training in circuit training on body fat ratio. The universe of this study was selected as 32 male participants who continue their training and do fitness for health. Participants were divided into 2 groups: aerobic group (16 people) and combined group (16 people). This study was applied for 8 weeks, 3 days per week, and 1 hour per day. Participants were informed about how the tests will be conducted. An aerobic capacity test, body fat percentage, body mass index, and waist-hip ratio were among the applied tests and measurements. Data were analysed with SPSS 21 package program. Average and standard deviation of obtained data were calculated. Results showed that results of aerobic and combined trainings were similarly, and both aerobic and combined training positively affected body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and aerobic capacity values. Additionally, it can be stated that aerobic exercises directly affected waist-hip ratio compared to combined exercises, and combined training was more efficient for waist-hip ratio.

Ultrasound Measurements of Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Are Robust Against Hydration Changes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dale R. Wagner ◽  
James D. Cotter
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The Impact

Ultrasound is an appealing tool to assess body composition, combining the portability of a field method with the accuracy of a laboratory method. However, unlike other body composition methods, the effect of hydration status on validity is unknown. This study evaluated the impact of acute hydration changes on ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat thickness and estimates of body fat percentage. In a crossover design, 11 adults (27.1 ± 10.5 years) completed dehydration and hyperhydration trials to alter body mass by approximately ±2%. Dehydration was achieved via humid heat (40 °C, 60% relative humidity) with exercise, whereas hyperhydration was via ingestion of lightly salted water. Ultrasound measurements were taken at 11 body sites before and after each treatment. Participants lost 1.56 ± 0.58 kg (−2.0 ± 0.6%) during the dehydration trial and gained 0.90 ± 0.21 kg (1.2 ± 0.2%) during the hyperhydration trial even after urination. The sum of fat thicknesses as measured by ultrasound differed by <0.90 mm across trials (p = .588), and ultrasound estimates of body fat percentage differed by <0.5% body fat. Ultrasound measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue were unaffected by acute changes in hydration status by extents beyond which are rare and overtly self-correcting, suggesting that this method provides reliable and robust body composition results even when subjects are not euhydrated.

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